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class="content"> <div id="y3fun8e" class="excellent_articles_box"><ul> <li id="valyzu0" class="excellent_articles_row"> <a target="_blank" title="《滕王閣序》王勃的詩(shī)寫作背景" href="http://www.crossfitfinalpush.com/wenxue/tengwanggexu/63058.html"> <em></em> <span id="7lm8xgp" class="excellent_title">《滕王閣序》王勃的詩(shī)寫作背景</span> <span id="e1822mz" class="excellent_star">推薦度：<i></i></span> </a></li> <li id="yl4no2l" class="excellent_articles_row"> <a target="_blank" title="王勃《滕王閣序》原文翻譯注釋及寫作背景" href="http://www.crossfitfinalpush.com/wenxue/tengwanggexu/57414.html"> <em></em> <span id="w54gycm" class="excellent_title">王勃《滕王閣序》原文翻譯注釋及寫作背景</span> <span id="ieozim4" class="excellent_star">推薦度：<i></i></span> </a></li> <li id="qexb8td" class="excellent_articles_row"> <a target="_blank" title="《滕王閣序》寫作背景及評(píng)價(jià)" href="http://www.crossfitfinalpush.com/wenxue/tengwanggexu/275154.html"> <em></em> <span id="afo7uvx" class="excellent_title">《滕王閣序》寫作背景及評(píng)價(jià)</span> <span id="xcvz8bl" 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alt="滕王閣序?qū)懽鞅尘?/></p><p><strong>　　《滕王閣序》</strong></p><p>　　朝代：唐代</p><p>　　作者：王勃</p><p>　　豫章故郡，洪都新府。星分翼軫，地接衡廬。襟三江而帶五湖，控蠻荊而引甌越。物華天寶，龍光射牛斗之墟;人杰地靈，徐孺下陳蕃之榻。雄州霧列，俊采星馳。臺(tái)隍枕夷夏之交，賓主盡東南之美。都督閻公之雅望，棨戟遙臨;宇文新州之懿范，襜帷暫駐。十旬休假，勝友如云;千里逢迎，高朋滿座。騰蛟起鳳，孟學(xué)士之詞宗;紫電青霜，王將軍之武庫(kù)。家君作宰，路出名區(qū);童子何知，躬逢勝餞。(豫章故郡一作：南昌故郡)</p><p>　　時(shí)維九月，序?qū)偃铩Ａ仕M而寒潭清，煙光凝而暮山紫。儼驂騑于上路，訪風(fēng)景于崇阿。臨帝子之長(zhǎng)洲，得仙人之舊館。層巒聳翠，上出重霄;飛閣流丹，下臨無(wú)地。鶴汀鳧渚，窮島嶼之縈回;桂殿蘭宮，即岡巒之體勢(shì)。(層巒一作：層臺(tái);即岡一作：列岡;天人一作：仙人)</p><p>　　披繡闥，俯雕甍，山原曠其盈視，川澤紆其駭矚。閭閻撲地，鐘鳴鼎食之家;舸艦迷津，青雀黃龍之舳。云銷雨霽，彩徹區(qū)明。落霞與孤鶩齊飛，秋水共長(zhǎng)天一色。漁舟唱晚，響窮彭蠡之濱，雁陣驚寒，聲斷衡陽(yáng)之浦。(軸通：舳;迷津一作：彌津;云銷雨霽，彩徹區(qū)明一作：虹銷雨霽，彩徹云衢)</p><p>　　遙襟甫暢，逸興遄飛。爽籟發(fā)而清風(fēng)生，纖歌凝而白云遏。睢園綠竹，氣凌彭澤之樽;鄴水朱華，光照臨川之筆。四美具，二難并。窮睇眄于中天，極娛游于暇日。天高地迥，覺(jué)宇宙之無(wú)窮;興盡悲來(lái)，識(shí)盈虛之有數(shù)。望長(zhǎng)安于日下，目吳會(huì)于云間。地勢(shì)極而南溟深，天柱高而北辰遠(yuǎn)。關(guān)山難越，誰(shuí)悲失路之人;萍水相逢，盡是他鄉(xiāng)之客。懷帝閽而不見(jiàn)，奉宣室以何年?(遙襟甫暢一作：遙吟俯暢)</p><p>　　嗟乎!時(shí)運(yùn)不齊，命途多舛。馮唐易老，李廣難封。屈賈誼于長(zhǎng)沙，非無(wú)圣主;竄梁鴻于海曲，豈乏明時(shí)?所賴君子見(jiàn)機(jī)，達(dá)人知命。老當(dāng)益壯，寧移白首之心?窮且益堅(jiān)，不墜青云之志。酌貪泉而覺(jué)爽，處涸轍以猶歡。北海雖賒，扶搖可接;東隅已逝，桑榆非晚。孟嘗高潔，空余報(bào)國(guó)之情;阮籍猖狂，豈效窮途之哭!(見(jiàn)機(jī) 一作：安貧)</p><p>　　勃，三尺微命，一介書(shū)生。無(wú)路請(qǐng)纓，等終軍之弱冠;有懷投筆，慕宗愨之長(zhǎng)風(fēng)。舍簪笏于百齡，奉晨昏于萬(wàn)里。非謝家之寶樹(shù)，接孟氏之芳鄰。他日趨庭，叨陪鯉對(duì);今茲捧袂，喜托龍門。楊意不逢，撫凌云而自惜;鐘期既遇，奏流水以何慚?</p><p>　　嗚乎!勝地不常，盛筵難再;蘭亭已矣，梓澤丘墟。臨別贈(zèng)言，幸承恩于偉餞;登高作賦，是所望于群公。敢竭鄙懷，恭疏短引;一言均賦，四韻俱成。請(qǐng)灑潘江，各傾陸海云爾：</p><p>　　滕王高閣臨江渚，佩玉鳴鸞罷歌舞。</p><p>　　畫(huà)棟朝飛南浦云，珠簾暮卷西山雨。</p><p>　　閑云潭影日悠悠，物換星移幾度秋。</p><p>　　閣中帝子今何在?檻外長(zhǎng)江空自流。</p><p><strong>　　《滕王閣序》寫作背景：</strong></p><p>　　滕王閣因滕王李元嬰得名。李元嬰是唐高祖李淵的幼子，唐太宗李世民的弟弟，驕奢淫逸，品行不端，毫無(wú)政績(jī)可言。但他精通歌舞，善畫(huà)蝴蝶，很有藝術(shù)才情。他修建滕王閣，也是為了歌舞享樂(lè)的需要。這座江南名樓建于唐朝繁盛時(shí)期，又因王勃的一篇《滕王閣序》而很快出名。韓愈在《新修滕王閣記》中說(shuō)：“愈少時(shí)，則聞江南多臨觀之美，而滕王閣獨(dú)為第一，有瑰偉絕特之稱�！�</p><p>　　《滕王閣序》全稱《秋日登洪府滕王閣餞別序》，又名《滕王閣詩(shī)序》《宴滕王閣序》，寫于何時(shí)，有兩種說(shuō)法。唐末五代時(shí)人王定保的《唐摭言》說(shuō)：“王勃著《滕王閣序》，時(shí)年十四�！蹦菚r(shí)，王勃的父親可能任六合縣(今屬江蘇)令，王勃赴六合經(jīng)過(guò)洪州。又這篇序文中有“童子何知，躬逢勝餞”之語(yǔ)，也可佐證。元代辛文房《唐才子傳》認(rèn)為《滕王閣序》是上元二年(675)王勃前往交趾(在越南河內(nèi)西北)看望父親(那時(shí)他父親任交趾縣令)，路過(guò)南昌時(shí)所作。從這篇序文內(nèi)容的博大、辭采的富贍來(lái)看，更像是成年作品�！巴印辈灰欢ň褪侵感『�，也可以是表示自己年輕無(wú)知的謙詞。何況序文中有“無(wú)路請(qǐng)纓，等終軍之弱冠”的話，“弱冠”是指二十歲。所以，關(guān)于寫作時(shí)間，課文的注釋解說(shuō)采用后一種說(shuō)法。</p><p>　　《新唐書(shū)·文藝傳》記滕王閣詩(shī)會(huì)為：“九月九日都督大宴滕王閣，宿命其婿作序以夸客，因出紙筆遍請(qǐng)客，莫敢當(dāng)，至勃，泛然不辭。都督怒，起更衣，遣吏伺其文輒報(bào)。一再報(bào)，語(yǔ)益奇，乃矍然曰：‘天才也!’請(qǐng)遂成文，極歡罷�！笨梢�(jiàn)當(dāng)時(shí)王勃年輕氣盛，才華橫溢，揮毫潑墨，語(yǔ)驚四座的情景。</p><p>　　關(guān)于《滕王閣序》的由來(lái)，唐末王定保的《唐摭言》有一段生動(dòng)的記載。原來(lái)閻公本意是讓其婿孟學(xué)士作序以彰其名，不料在假意謙讓時(shí)，王勃卻提筆就作。閻公初以“更衣”為名，憤然離席，專會(huì)人伺其下筆。初聞“豫章故郡，洪都新府”，閻公覺(jué)得“亦是老生常談”;接下來(lái)“臺(tái)隍枕夷夏之郊，賓主盡東南之美”，公聞之，沉吟不言;及至“落霞與孤鶩齊飛，秋水共長(zhǎng)天一色”一句，乃大驚“此真天才，當(dāng)垂不朽矣!”，出立于勃側(cè)而觀，遂亟請(qǐng)宴所，極歡而罷。</p><p>　　還有一種說(shuō)法《唐才子傳王勃》父福疇坐是左遷交趾令。勃往省覲，途過(guò)南昌，時(shí)都督閻公新修滕王閣成，九月九日，大會(huì)賓客，將令其婿作記，以夸盛事。勃至，入謁，帥知其才，因請(qǐng)為之。勃欣然對(duì)客操觚，頃刻而就，文不加點(diǎn)，滿座大驚。酒酣辭別，帥贈(zèng)百縑，即舉帆去，至炎方，舟入洋海，溺死，時(shí)年二十九。</p><p>　　父親王福畤被牽連貶為交趾縣令。王勃前往探望，路過(guò)南昌。當(dāng)時(shí)都督閻公新修成滕王閣，九月九日，大宴賓客，準(zhǔn)備讓他的女婿寫篇記，來(lái)夸耀這一盛事。王勃到此拜見(jiàn)閻公，閻公知道他的才華，就請(qǐng)他來(lái)作記。王勃欣然對(duì)客提筆，一會(huì)兒就寫成了，還不加修改，滿座賓客大為驚奇。酒酣辭別。閻公贈(zèng)送他一百匹縑，他就揚(yáng)帆離去。到了炎方，船入大海，王勃被淹死，當(dāng)時(shí)是二十九歲。</p><p><strong>　　賞析</strong></p><p>　　寫景、抒情自然融合。此文重點(diǎn)描繪滕王閣雄偉壯麗的景象。狀寫宴會(huì)高雅而宏大的氣勢(shì)，抒發(fā)自己的感慨情懷。文章在交待了“故郡”、“新府”的歷史沿革后。便由閣的地理位置和周圍環(huán)境寫起�！敖笕鴰搴匦U荊而引甌越”、“潦水盡而寒潭清，煙光凝而暮山紫“、“落霞與孤鶩齊飛，秋水共長(zhǎng)天一色”。滕王閣就坐落在這片吞吐萬(wàn)象的江南大地上。接著，作者的筆由遠(yuǎn)及近，由外景轉(zhuǎn)而描繪內(nèi)景。“層臺(tái)聳翠，卜出重霄;飛閣流舟，下臨無(wú)地”、“桂殿蘭宮”、“繡問(wèn)”、“雛登”。“遙岑甫暢，逸興遺飛”，王勃按捺不住心頭的激動(dòng)一個(gè)“路出名區(qū)”的“童子”，“幸承恩于偉餞”，他為自己有機(jī)會(huì)參加宴會(huì)深感榮幸。但面對(duì)高官顯耀，不免又有幾分心酸悲愴。他轉(zhuǎn)而慨嘆自己的“不齊”的“時(shí)運(yùn)”、“多舛”的“命途”。抒發(fā)自己內(nèi)心深處的郁悶和不平，傾吐自己“有懷投筆”、“請(qǐng)纓”報(bào)國(guó)的情懷和勇往直前的決心。情由景生，寫景是為抒情、景、情相互滲透，水交融。渾然天成，恰似行云流水，揮灑自如，自然流暢。</p><p>　　對(duì)比鋪敘，色彩鮮明。作者無(wú)論是狀繪洪州勝景、滕閣盛況，還是敘抒人物的遭遇情緒，都能洋洋灑灑。展轉(zhuǎn)生發(fā)，極成功地運(yùn)用了鋪敘宣染的方法。譬如在說(shuō)明洪州的“人杰地靈”時(shí)。一氣鋪排了十四句，從歷史人物到現(xiàn)實(shí)人物、從文臣到武將，不厭其多;寫登臨滕王閣遠(yuǎn)望的景象，則沙洲島嶼、山嶺原野、河澤舟舸、宮殿屋舍、眼底之物，一一敘來(lái)，不一而足。</p><p>　　而這種鋪敘，又是在對(duì)比之中進(jìn)行的。這就使文章一波三折，跳躍起伏，回環(huán)往復(fù)�！八[發(fā)而清風(fēng)生，纖歌凝而白云遏。睢園綠竹，氣凌彭澤之樽;鄴水朱華，光照臨川之筆�！毕夜堋⒗w歌、美酒、佳文、良辰、美景、賞心、樂(lè)事。“四美具，二難并”，這是盛況空前的宴會(huì)。相形之下，“時(shí)運(yùn)不齊，命途多舛;馮唐易老，李廣難封”，天才淪落，迷茫落拓，又是何等的悲涼。這是人物境遇上的對(duì)比。文中還有“望長(zhǎng)安于日下”、“指吳會(huì)于云間”，是地域上的對(duì)比;“逸興遺飛”與“興盡悲來(lái)”，是情緒上的對(duì)比;“楊意不逢，撫凌云而自惜;鐘期相遇，奏流水以何慚”，是懷才不遇和喜逢知己的對(duì)比。這種色彩強(qiáng)烈的映襯對(duì)比，在揭示人物的內(nèi)心隱憂，烘托文章的主旨中心方面，能產(chǎn)生相反相成、鮮明曉暢的藝術(shù)效果。</p><p>　　對(duì)偶工整，用典恰切。全篇中除了“磋乎”、“鳴乎”、“所賴”、“云爾”等嘆詞、語(yǔ)助詞與“勃”的自我稱謂外，大部分都是四字一語(yǔ)和六字一語(yǔ)的對(duì)偶句。這中間有的是單句對(duì)，如“云消雨弄，彩徹區(qū)明”、“落霞與孤鶩齊飛，秋水共長(zhǎng)天一色”等;有的是復(fù)句對(duì)，如“物華天寶，龍光射牛斗之墟;人杰地靈，徐孺下陳蕃之榻”、“漁舟唱晚，響窮彭蠡之濱;雁陣驚寒，聲斷衡陽(yáng)之浦”;還有的是本句對(duì)，如“襟三江而帶五湖，控蠻荊而引甌越”中，“襟三江”與“帶五湖”對(duì)，“控蠻荊”與“引甌越”對(duì)。再如“騰蛟起鳳”、“紫電青霜”、“龍光”、“牛斗”等也都是本句對(duì)。這種對(duì)偶句不僅句式工整勻稱，而且錯(cuò)綜多變，讀來(lái)節(jié)奏明快，整齊和諧，鏗鏘有力。</p><p>　　文中多次出現(xiàn)的典故。且都用得恰當(dāng)貼切，非但沒(méi)有冗贅晦澀之感，還使文章顯得富麗典雅，委婉曲折、情意真切。“馮唐易老，李廣難封”，“屈賈誼于長(zhǎng)沙”，“竄梁鴻于海曲”，這四個(gè)典故連用，隱喻作者命運(yùn)坎坷、為沛王府修撰而受排斥打擊和因作《檄英王雞》文而被高宗逐出的遭遇，雖心懷憤懣之情，卻含而不露，且無(wú)金剛怒目之嫌�！氨焙ｋm賒，扶搖可接;東隅已逝，桑榆非晚”，這兩個(gè)典故是隱喻目己不畏險(xiǎn)阻、壯心不已的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)信念�！暗冉K軍之弱冠”、“有懷投筆”、“慕愨意之長(zhǎng)風(fēng)”等典故。則隱喻自己“長(zhǎng)風(fēng)破浪”的浩氣和積極進(jìn)取的決心。</p><p>　　化靜為動(dòng)，以物擬人。運(yùn)用擬人化的手法.將客觀靜止的事物寫成富有動(dòng)態(tài)之感，這是《滕王閣序》的又一特點(diǎn)。作者善于選詞煉字，活化物態(tài)“飛閣流丹”、“層臺(tái)聳翠”，只因了“飛”、“流”、“聳”諸字，巍峨的樓閣便騰飛起來(lái)，殷殷的丹青竟汩汩流淌，層疊亭臺(tái)上的翠色也高高聳出.靜物變成了動(dòng)物，確有畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛之妙。而洪州古城，也只因“漂”、“帶”、“控”、“引”，變成了一位裁“三江”為衣襟，摘“五湖”作衣帶，近則制“蠻荊”，遠(yuǎn)則接“甌越”的巨人。至于如“星馳”般的“俊采”�！叭缭啤钡摹皠儆选�，更是靈動(dòng)活現(xiàn)，氣韻不凡。</p><script>s("content_relate");</script><p>【滕王閣序?qū)懽鞅尘啊肯嚓P(guān)文章：</p><p><a 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