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      2. 外研社高一英語必修一知識點總結

        時間:2023-08-07 12:16:03 進利 總結 我要投稿
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        外研社高一英語必修一知識點總結

          總結是指對某一階段的工作、學習或思想中的經驗或情況加以總結和概括的書面材料,它可以促使我們思考,我想我們需要寫一份總結了吧?偨Y怎么寫才是正確的呢?以下是小編精心整理的外研社高一英語必修一知識點總結,歡迎大家分享。

        外研社高一英語必修一知識點總結

          句式分析

          現在進行時表將來,表示最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作,常見的現在進行時表將來的動詞有:come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do等.

          例:1. Im coming. 我就來

          2. what are you doing next Sunday 你下個星期天做什么

          3. I hear that you are travelling along Mekong River. 我聽說你將沿湄公河旅行

          4. Where are you staying at night 你們晚上待在哪里/

          直接引語和間接引語

          概念:直接引語:直接引述別人的原話。一般前后要加引號。

          間接引語:用自己的話轉述別人的話。間接引語在多數情況下可構成賓語從句且不要加引號。

          例: Mr. Black said, Im busy. Mr. Black said that he was busy.

          變化規則

          (一)陳述句的變化規則

          直接引語如果是陳述句,變為間接引語時,用連詞that(可省略)引導,從句中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語都要發生相應的變化。

          人稱的變化人稱的變化主要是要理解句子的意思

          例:1. He said, I like it very much. He said that he liked it very much.

          2. He said to me, Iv left my book in your room.

          He told me that he had left his book in my room.

          時態的變化

          例:

          I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary, said Anne.

          Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.

          The boy said, Im using a knife. The boy said that he was using a knife.

          ▲注意:如果直接引語是客觀真理,變為間接引語時,時態不變,如:

          He said, Light travels much faster than sound.He said that light travels much faster than sound.

          指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化

          (二) 祈使句的變化規則

          如果直接引語是祈使句,變為間接引語時,要將祈使句的動詞原形變為帶to的不定式,并根據句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等動詞,如果祈使句是否定句,在不定式前面還要加上not。例:

          The hostess said to us, Please sit down. The hostess asked us to sit down.

          He said, Dont make so much noise, boys. He told the boys not to make so much noise.

          (三)疑問句的變化規則

          如果直接引語是疑問句,變為間接引語時要把疑問句語序變為陳述句語序,句末用句號。

          一般疑問句:如果直接引語是一般疑問句,變為間接引語時,謂語動詞是say或said時,要改為 ask 或asked,原問句變為由if/whether 引導的賓語從句。例:

          Do you think a diary can become your friend the writer says.

          The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.

          (2) 特殊疑問句:如果間接引語是特殊疑問句,變為間接引語時,仍用原來的引導詞,但疑問句要變為陳述句。例:

          What do you want he asked me. He asked me what I wanted

          定語從句

          概念:在復合句中,修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。

          成分:先行詞,即被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞;關系代詞:that,which,who(賓格為whom,所有格為whose);或者關系副詞where,when,why等。關系代詞或關系副詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間,起著連接主從句的作用。

          1. 關系代詞that的用法

          關系代詞that在定語從句中既能指人,也能指物;既能做主語,也能做賓語

          例:1)A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物,作主語)

          (2)The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. (指物,作賓語)

          (3)Who is the man that is reading a book over there (指人,作主語)

          (4)The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jims sister,(指人,作賓語)

          2. 關系代詞which的用法

          關系代詞which在定語從句中只能指物,但既可以做賓語也能作主語

          例:1)They planted some trees which didnt need much water. (作主語)

          (2)The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作賓語)

          3. 關系代詞who,whom的用法

          關系代詞who,whom 只能指人,在定語從句中分別作主語和賓語

          例:1)The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主語)

          (2)The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作賓語)、

          4. 關系代詞whose在的用法

          關系代詞whose為關系代詞who的所有格形式,其先行詞既可以是人也可以是物,whose和它所修飾的名詞在定語從句中既可以做主語也可以做賓語。

          例:1)This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. (指人,作主語)

          (2) The room whose window faces south is mine. (指物,作主語)

          (3)He has written a book whose name Ive forgotten. (指物,作賓語)

          5. 關系副詞when的用法

          關系副詞when在定語從句中作時間狀語

          例:1)Ill never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.

          (2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago

          6. 關系副詞where在定語從句中的用法

          關系副詞where在定語從句中做地點狀語

          例:1)This is the place where( =at/ in which) we first met.

          (2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasnt very clean.

          7. 關系副詞why在定語從句中的用法

          關系副詞why在定語從句中作原因狀語

          例: 1). I didnt get a pay rise, but this wasnt the reason why(= for which) I left.

          (2). The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.

          1.基礎梳理

          actor quality active republic principle mankind period guidance fee youth league stage vote generous selfish selfless devote violence equal blanket educated relative terror cruelty opinion invader judge quote be sentenced to nationalism blow up as a matter of fact out of work come into power

          2.詞語歸納

          1)quality

          表示“品質,品種”時,可有復數形式。

          of quality修飾人,表示“品質好的”。

          說明商品時,為不可數名詞,表示“質量”;作名詞復數時,表示“性能,種類”。

          2)willing

          表示“樂意的,愿意的”,作表語時,后接不定式或者是that引導的從句,從句中用should+動詞原形,should可以省略。

          有時willing可以用在seem,look,sound等系動詞后面。

          作定語時,表示“積極的,肯干的,自愿的,意志堅強的”。

          3)fight

          fight against…為……反對而斗爭,和……作戰fight with和……作戰或者斗爭,與……并肩作戰fight for為……斗爭或者奮斗fight over為……爭吵fight(it)out通過斗爭解決,打出個勝負

          4)advise

          advise sb to do sth勸告/建議某人去做某事advise sb not to do sth=advise sb against doing sth勸告/建議某人不要去做某事

          advise后接一個賓語從句,從句中的動詞要用虛擬語氣,即should+動詞原形,should可以省略。

          advise sb of sth把某事通知某人

          advise sb on/about sth和某人商量某事

          5)youth

          表示“青年男子,青年小伙子”時,是可數名詞,常含貶義。

          the youth青年人的總稱,作主語是,謂語動詞可是復數也可是單數。

          表示“青春,青少年時期”是不可數名詞。

          6)vote

          作名詞,表示“選舉,投票,表決”時,前面常加不定冠詞。

          bring/put/submit sth to a/the vote將某問題交付表決(表主動)come/go to a/the vote (某問題)被交付表決(表被動)

          表示“選票,選舉人“時,是可數名詞。

          表示“選舉權”時,前面常加a,the,one’s等限制詞。

          vote for投票贊成,建議vote against投票反對vote on對……表決vote to do一致決定

          7)position

          表示“位置,姿勢,職位,立場”時,是可數名詞,常加in。

          表示“地位”時,是不可數名詞,有時可加不定冠詞。

          in a position to do sth處于能夠做某事的地位in/out of position在(不在)適當位置

          take up the position that…主張……

          8)accept

          表示“同意,接受”時,后接名詞,代詞或者that引導的從句。

          accept還可以接不定式。

          9)equal

          作形容詞,與to連用,后接名詞或者動名詞,表示“能勝任的,能應付的”。

          作動詞,后接in,表示“在某方面比得上或者敵得過”,多用于一般時。

          10)degree

          表示“程度,等級,學位,度數”。

          by degrees漸漸地to a degree非常;有點,稍微

          do/study for degree攻讀學位take/get/receive/earn one’s degree獲得學位

          一、重點句型

          1. What should a friend be like?詢問對方的看法

          2. I think he / she should be…表示個人觀點的詞語

          3. I enjoy reading / Im fond of singing / I like playing computer games.等表示喜好的詞語

          4. Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane crashes.

          “when"作并列連詞的用法

          5. What / Who / When / Where is it that...?強調句的

          特殊疑問句結構

          6. With so many people communicating in English everyday,

          ... “with+賓語+賓補”的結構做狀語

          7. Can you tell me how to pronounce...?帶連接副詞

          (或代詞)的不定式做賓補的用法

          二、重點詞匯

          1. especially v.特別地

          2. imagine v.想像

          3. alone adv. / adj.單獨,孤獨的

          4. interest n.興趣

          5. everyday adj.每天的,日常的

          6. deserted adj.拋棄的

          7. hunt v.搜尋

          8. share v.分享

          9. care v.在乎,關心

          10. total n.總數

          11. majority n.大多數

          12. survive v.生存,活下來

          13. adventure n.冒險

          14. scared adj.嚇壞的

          15. admit v.承認

          16. while conj.但是,而

          17. boring adj.令人厭煩的

          18. except prep.除……之外

          19. quality n.質量

          20. favourite adj.最喜愛的

          三、重點短語

          1. be fond of愛好

          2. treat…as…把……看作為……

          3. make friends with與……交朋友

          4. argue with sb. about / over sth.與某人爭論某事

          5. hunt for尋找

          6. in order to為了

          7. share…with與……分享

          8. bring in引進;賺錢

          9. a great / good many許多…

          重點句型

          1) It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. (從句時態用完成時)這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。

          2) I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.(強調句)我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故,我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。

          3) I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上,我熬到11點半故意不睡覺,為的是獨自好好看看月亮一次。

          4) Your friend,who doesn’t work hard,asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.(非限制性定語從句)你的一個朋友叫你在期末考試中幫他作弊,這個朋友平常不認真學習。

          5) If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends,you can write to the editor and ask for advice.如果你在和朋友的相處上有問題,你可以寫信給編輯向他征求建議。

          6) Add up your score and see how many points you can get.把你的得分加起來,看看得了多少。

          7) What he did has added to our difficulties.他的所作所為增加了我們的困難。

          8) His income adds up to $1000 a month.他每月的收入共計1000美元。

          9) It‘s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.觀看這些已不再是樂趣,因為大自然是你必須體驗的。

          10) Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work?她為什么那么關注他對她的工作的看法?

          11) The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report.警察讓他在報告中寫下他所看見的事情。

          12) As I was about to go out and search for him,he happened to come in.正當我打算出去找他時,他恰巧進來。

          13) Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.瓊斯先生單獨一人生活,常常感到孤獨。

          14) We tried to calm him down,but he kept crying.我們試圖讓他平靜下來,但他仍不停地哭著。

          15) Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather?他敢在這樣一個暴風雨夜外出嗎?

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