句型4:Subject(主語)+Verb(謂語動詞)+I(xiàn)ndirect object(間接賓語)+Direct object (直接賓語)
這種句型中,直接賓語為主要賓語,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名詞來充當(dāng);間接賓語也被稱之為第二賓語,去掉之后,對整個句子的影響不大,多由指“人”的名詞或代詞承擔(dān)。引導(dǎo)這類雙賓語的常見動詞有:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。
如:1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present. 她爸爸給她買了一本詞典作為生日禮物。
2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in theLong March.老人經(jīng)常給孩子們講述長征途中那些英雄的故事。
上述句子還可以表達(dá)為:1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.
2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.
句型5:Subject(主語)+Verb (謂語動詞)+Object (賓語)+Complement(補(bǔ)語)
這種句型中的“賓語+補(bǔ)語”統(tǒng)稱為“復(fù)合賓語”。賓語補(bǔ)足語的主要作用或者是補(bǔ)充、說明賓語的特點(diǎn)、身份等;或者表示讓賓語去完成的動作等。擔(dān)任補(bǔ)語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動詞不定式等。如:1)You should keep the room clean and tidy.你應(yīng)該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。(形容詞)2) We made him our monitor.(名詞)我們選他當(dāng)班長。3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父親告訴他不要在街上玩。
●常見的動詞有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。
●注意:動詞have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時,不帶to。
如:1) The boss made him do the work all day.老板讓他整天做那項(xiàng)工作。
2) I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我聽見她在隔壁唱了一個晚上。
句型6:There be +主語+其它
這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某地有某物”。主語一般位于there be之后。值得關(guān)注的是,當(dāng)句中有兩個或更多的主語時,動詞一般和最近的一個保持一致:1)There are two girls and a boy running on the playground.有兩個女孩和一個男孩正在操場上跑。
2)There is a cat behind the tree.樹后面有一只貓。