_ƮI(y)Փ
ָɇCP(gun)ڲڌz칤Լеɵľw(yng)Æ}ԼԼƶķҎ(gu)MеĽ҂һP(gun)I(y)Փİɡ
ժ Ҫ҇ĸ_ŕrֵl(f)_ݺƴĸ˳ʹ҇ĸﲻܲܵĸՓӰڌW(xu)(x)ͱ^P(gun)ՓĻA(ch)ϡÁbY(ji)Ї(chung)ĸ_չṩߵƽ_M_ɽ֮ʯԹЧȻτt٣ڻtס҇ĸڷeObՓɹͬrҪѿ˷ƷһЩ`(do)Ŭ̽Փ֮(chung)ЇɫЇĬF(xin)ՓԴˁõָ(do)ĸĿƌW(xu)MС
P(gun)I~ĸ׃wՓ
һоľ
ĸ﷽Փ҇ΌW(xu)W(xu)20o80֏(f)ؽԁһоcҲS҇ĸČHM̡eǸĸ_ź҇F(xin)O(sh)ĸĺW(xu)g(sh)猦ĸՓ͌`о@ǰδеİl(f)չô҇ĸՓīIоӵĠrͨ^SվW(wng)īIzP(gun)ĸо_1222ƪP(gun)I~ĸЌĸՓP(gun)оH96ƪP(gun)I~顰ĸ+Փ@ЩīIּо҇ĸĚv̻LJijһՓ҇ĸĆʾīIĸ_ԁ҇wbЩՓָ(do)ĸԓʹĸbՓԓ΄(chung)³҇ԼĹՓīIt]o@ӵķՄ҇ĸՓϵy(tng)оȻ҇ĸvMҪĸՓϵĄ(chung)ºͳԽ˕r҇ĸ_ԁĸĚvY(ji)ĸbՓF(xin)˼b҇ԓʹ֮(chung)ЇɫĬF(xin)ՓЌM҇ĸy(tng)һЧҎ(gu)ķ(w)Ҫx
ĸ_ԁ҇ĸ׃w
ӭ21o(zhn)(dng)ǰڷeOĸ@һȫ҇ȺM5δĸ
һ1982ĸĸDDD(zhun)wδ׃
1982ʮһȫ_hD(zhun)ƵxF(xin)O(sh)ρM˸ĸ_ź״θĸҪʩУ1׃һġ硱wUijн(jng)(qun)ޡ2C(gu)M˸ĸ;^ȵس˽(jng)T3UI(lng)(do)(w)K˸ɲxƶȡ˴θĸʹ҇׃r(nng)һġ硱wƣ(qun)ca(chn)(jng)I(qun)x(j)y(tng)Ӌ(w)ԺĹTɸĸǰ100pٵ61˺ĸe˽(jng)춨˻A(ch)[1]
1988ĸĸDDD(zhun)׃
1988_ʼm(yng)xӋƷ(jng)l(f)չҪMĸҪʩУ1˴θĸ_D(zhun)׃ܞP(gun)I_ԭtʹI(y)ֱӹD(zhun)gӹ2MЇ(w)ԺC(gu)ĸͬrMһĸƶڸCP(gun)ҹ(w)Tƶ_O(jin)@һAεĸĸxЈ(jng)wƵĴ_(chung)˗lY(ji)D(zhun)׃C(gu)õ˾
1993ĸĸDDȫĸA(y)
1992йʮĴҪm(yng)xЈ(jng)ҪĽMC(gu)һ݆϶µȫwƸĸ_ʼҪʩУ1MһD(zhun)׃ӏ^{(dio)غͱO(jin)T2ͬrЇҹ(w)TƶȞcȫMCP(gun)I(y)I(y)ƶȵĸĸ(jng)^ĸ(w)ԺίֱٙC(gu)kC(gu)86{(dio)59TˆTƽ20%C(gu)ˆTsp200fռԭƵ23%
ģ1998ĸĸDDȫ
1997ʮһҪMC(gu)ĸ@Nһ݆wƸĸ_ˡҪʩУ1(w)Ժ͵طC(gu)MһC(gu)2{(dio)cЈccI(y)P(gun)ϵ@һAθĸʹܵõD(zhun)׃C(gu)ˆTõܴͬr^{(dio)ܺ(w)ܵõӏ
壩2003ĸĸDDO(jin)
2003_ʼwƺ͙C(gu)ĸԿƌW(xu)l(f)չ^ָ(do)阋(gu)Cȫ潨O(sh)СṩwƱҪʩУMһD(zhun)׃ܣˮƽC(gu)ĸ漰ӏʳƷȫa(chn)O(jin)wƽO(sh)7e롣@θĸ׃Ӌ(jng)rγɵwƺͽMC(gu)γmxЈ(jng)Ҫwƿܡ[2]
ĸ_ԁ҇ĸbՓ
@Ȼ҇ĸЎǧASNĻ鱾ՓA(ch)ôʲôҪړбrֵՓA(ch)߀ҪbĹՓһЇĸĸ_ʼ20o70δֵl(f)_ݺƴϯȫm(x)ĸ˳ʹ҇ĸﲻܲܵĸՓӰ푡綡ͽԡĸ_ŵMһȫ˳ϯ҇ĸbW(xu)ՓɹṩˬF(xin)ܡ`ѽ(jng)C҇˽W(xu)(x)ͱ^P(gun)ՓĻA(ch)ϡÁbY(ji)Ї(chung)鹫W(xu)Ƶİl(f)չĸṩߵƽ_M_ɽ֮ʯԹЧ
һ̤о֮
20o80ĕ½ڱҪW(xu)оճ@һ30ЇW(xu)ijž1984ȫ״ΡW(xu)ӑҪЇɫW(xu)ֱ80ĩ҇_W(xu)ؽ(f)dĻMоՓԞF(xin)O(sh)I(y)(w)Դˣ҇ĸ_ʼˌW(xu)(x)bՓ֮@ȻһAεĸﲢ]нbՓijɷȻ˴θĸzµĺܶ}ԺĸҪMʲôӵՓˬF(xin)Ҫ
ʼĹƶ
ʮo~Ӣ׃hEơľ棬Ĺƶ@һƶȰl(f)չ@cǡơďV\Ą߹Чrl(f)F(xin)˲֪Ρ[3]bĹƶȸĸȡõijЧ҇(w)TƶȷeObĹƶеĺ(ni)Ҫ(ni)У_ԇ(yu)ȡ@ӿ˲ͨ^xελρʹ(w)T|(zh)cͬrbеķƻă(ni)й(w)TƶȷƻĸΡĹƶеġơġ¡ܡڡĂ挦(w)TMȫ濼ʹù(w)T¡@ЩoɶĺϷԵλ
¹ՓġcЈȡ
20o70ԁᘌЧʵЈCƺCƣЈĸ﷽ԼЈM¶λ҇(w)^(qun)^@HӰ푵Чҽ(w)|(zh)I(y)@N˼҇MwƸĸm(yng)xЈ(jng)l(f)չҪġ҇b¹Փ`Јȡ½綨ɫD(zhun)׃ccI(y)cЈcP(gun)ϵĶӏ˺^{(dio)غ(w)ܣƶDŽ
ģxՓġ(qun)scȡ
Ľ(jng)˼O(sh)l(f)\óɱDxW(xu)ɵóˡʧՓ(do)pهҸA(y)Ml(f)]ЈĹJҙ(qun)ćҙ(qun)ҪaȡʧҪ@Nѭh(hun)нÓƳfܵԒ[4]ĸ_ǰ҇ܶܽy(tng)˺ܶԓҹܲõĸ_źĸJRҲʧ`ę(qun)ҲҪsֻγɡС͡(qun)sĸĸ҇1982ĚvĸԡD(zhun)QܡǰC(gu)(w)͡@һwĿ(bio)(wn)ǰM
壩Փġccȡ
20o80ĩ90a(chn)ՓwĶԪc؟(z)ؑ(yng)Чԡƻ[5]ՓT˽˲T֮g_ɹRĺ@Щrֵ҇(w)ͅcṩՓA(ch)҇{(dio)cЈccI(y)P(gun)ϵнMνMY(ji)(gu)ccgهf(xi)P(gun)ϵ
bՓֵ˼һЩ}
ӹڽbՓһЩ˼҇ĸՓ͌`ϾȡȻijɹȻڡÁ֮rҪ҂˼ĹՓЇB(ti)h(hun)Ƿa(chn)ˮIJYĸČ`ܷЧ˷ՓÓxH`(do)҇ԓڽb֮τ(chung)ԼġЇɫĬF(xin)Փָ(do)ĸ
һeObՓɹ
ՓԴڌ`ָ(do)`κθĸﶼҪՓָ(do)]Փĸyȡóɹ҇(yng)ʲôӵwț]н(jng)ԽbҲ]ՓA(ch)ĸ_źĸ˼Ӱ҇ĸĸ˱^ƌW(xu)ՓA(ch)繫ՓxՓՓȶɞ@һrĸՓԴȪĸĹͬɹĸՓ͌`oɌ҇кܺõĽbڌ`ƺF(xin)˳RΑB(ti)ԽҺy(tng)Խl(f)չAεձmԡ[6]҇qCоͽbՓԞ҇ĸ(w)
ѿ˷ƷһЩ`(do)
҇ĸՓܶǏģĿǰеһЩĸՓНɫȱѵJRƵʹÁՓԒZͷ҇Ć}҇wƸĸČ`a(chn)кӰЧ˷`(do)_bՓɹtɞһҪ(zhn)˕r҂xҪ^urՓijɹȲ^ȵذθҲ^ȵHͣߘOҪȫо⡣_JR҇ҹՓB(ti)h(hun)Mб^оt׃P(gun)Ҫͬr߀(j)҇Խʽĕrx،ՓɹMнb
Ŭ̽Փ֮
dڡW(xu)оһf҂Ҫ(yng)@NƌW(xu)҂ʹֻ֮ǏʽϻHHZDZ˼ԭtĿ(bio)ĸϼ횏ă(ni)̎JR҂ƶȣ횰ѹxğᲡѪмų횶ɿ՚[7]ҊҪb\ՓrʹF(xin)τtڻtסĬF(xin)t회@NՓMС죬롰(ni)ɿ՚⡱_l(f)mϱB(ti)h(hun)ՓȻһ^ǽY(ji)Ҫվ҇ĸF(xin)ĻA(ch)оĸгF(xin)Ć}ҪF(xin)W(xu)g(sh)ԒZıھͽY(ji)ЇČW(xu)g(sh)ԒZɾЇɫՓԒZϵy(tng)ҪڏЇ`гĸͷо҇ĸ`еĆ}ѭuMڌ`в̽(chung)³ԼՓ(chung)³ЇɫġЇĬF(xin)ՓԴˁõָ(do)ĸĿƌW(xu)M
Y(ji)ՓcӑՓ
֮ȫϢĽ죬҇ҶԼćMиĸ҂֪κİl(f)չ乲ԺͲF(xin)}ҵՓṩָ(do)˼о·ߟoɶǺmҪָ҇ĸڽbՓͬrڌ`зeO̽ԼĸՓƽՓ֮gP(gun)ϵ͙(qun)ҵ赵ccͬr҇ݱMеĴƸĸԓοƌW(xu)bՓеĺɷЧҎ(gu)һЩؓ`(do)MһMһ݆Ƹĸأ@Щ}tҪ҂β^m(x)̽о
īI
[1]ĕ.W(xu)[M].VݣɽW(xu)磬2003.
[2]P.ЇwƸĸ30cչ[M].2008.
[3]ģĹƶc҇(w)Tƶȵĸĸ[J]ĽY20008.
[4]Ԟ.xՓ҇ĸĆʾ[J]`̽2007331
[5]OȻ.ȫµЇĸ[M].ϣɽ|W(xu)磬2006.
[6]͢JȣЇwƸĸ}[M].Їl(f)չ2004
[7]Ҋ_.dWoodrow WilsonW(xu)оһ
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