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生日不一定快樂(lè)作文
Besides the cards, cake, candles, and gifts, there might be one more unexpected surprise in store for you on your birthday -- a higher risk of dying.在你生日當(dāng)天等著你的，除了賀卡/蛋糕，蠟燭和禮物，可能還有一樣出乎意料的東西——比往常更高的死亡率。
A new study suggests that men and women are 14 percent more likely to die on their birthday than any other day of the year. This effect was strongest in people aged 60 and older, who were up to 18 percent more likely to die on their birthday.最新的研究表明，人們?cè)谏债?dāng)天死亡的概率比平常高出14%。而60歲以上的老人受到的影響最大，概率更是高出了18%。
"We find more deaths than expected solely on birthdays, that is neither in the days before nor after the birthdays," says lead author Dr. Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross, an epidemiologist for the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine at the University of Zurich.“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，恰好在生日當(dāng)天（不是生日的前后幾天）會(huì)產(chǎn)生出乎想象的死亡數(shù)量，” 蘇黎士大學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)院和預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)院的流行病學(xué)家弗拉德塔-阿吉達(dá)西克-格羅斯博士如是說(shuō)。
In this large study, which was published in the Annals of Epidemiology, researchers analyzed data from more than 2.4 million Swiss people who died between 1969 and 2008. They tried to determine if there was any relationship between when people died and the cause compared to their birthdays.在這項(xiàng)列入流行病年鑒的超大規(guī)模課題中，研究人員分析了于1969-2008年段死亡的瑞士人，研究人數(shù)超過(guò)240萬(wàn)。他們嘗試確定人們的死因是否和他們的生日有某些聯(lián)系。
"We were surprised that our findings apply to specific causes of death," says Ajdacic-Gross. Both violent causes, such as suicides and falls, as well as strokes and cardiovascular deaths were tied to birthdays. "In addition, older people are distinctly more vulnerable than younger people," he adds.“令人驚訝的是，我們研究的結(jié)果適用于各種具體的死亡原因。” 阿吉達(dá)西克-格羅斯說(shuō)，像自殺和跌倒類似的暴力死亡，或是中風(fēng)，心血管疾病致死都和生日有著一定聯(lián)系。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，“而且老年人無(wú)疑更容易受到生日死亡的侵害。”
Men were more likely to have a violent demise on their birthday, as their chances of suicides spiked by nearly 35 percent and their odds of being accident victims rose by almost 29 percent. Deadly falls in men rose by 44 percent on their birthdays, and, interestingly, the number of falls started to increase about four days before the celebration took place.男性更易在生日當(dāng)天暴力死亡，自殺的可能性高出35%，而他們成為交通事故的受害者的幾率也提高了29%左右。同時(shí)，男性生日時(shí)摔倒致死增加了44%的可能性。有趣的是，摔倒致死數(shù)量從生日前4天左右開(kāi)始遞增。
When it came to natural causes of deaths, women were at greater risk -- almost 22 percent -- of passing away from a stroke on their birthday. For both ladies and gentleman, there was a nearly 19 percent increase in dying from heart-related reasons.而女性則在自然死亡上占有更高的比率--100個(gè)女性中有22個(gè)可能在生日當(dāng)天中風(fēng)致死。而不管男性還是女性，由于心臟原因?qū)е滤劳龅膸茁试黾恿私?9%。
Scientists also unexpectedly found the risk of dying from cancer jumps by 10.8 percent on birthdays. Cancer deaths also seemed to be higher than usual in the days immediately following a birthday -- a trend not seen for any other cause of death.科學(xué)家還驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)生日當(dāng)天由于癌癥死亡的數(shù)例上升了近10.8%，看來(lái)生日比平時(shí)更容易導(dǎo)致癌癥病發(fā)。而這個(gè)趨勢(shì)是其他死亡原因里沒(méi)有的。
But the question you may be asking is: Why? Is birthday partying to blame? Is it a psychological let-down to realize you're one year older -- and not getting any younger?但你可能會(huì)問(wèn)：難道是生日party的錯(cuò)嗎？是因?yàn)樾睦戆凳灸阌掷狭艘粴q，不再年輕？
"We can only speculate on the reasons for the extra deaths on birthdays," points out Ajdacic-Gross. They suspect that birthday-related stress in older people may play a part in the jump in stroke and cardiac deaths.“我們只能推測(cè)生日當(dāng)天產(chǎn)生的突發(fā)死亡原因，”阿吉達(dá)西克-格羅斯說(shuō)。他們估計(jì)在老年人中，生日產(chǎn)生的年齡壓力對(duì)越來(lái)越多的中風(fēng)和心臟病突發(fā)有一定影響。
Other studies have suggested that alcohol may be a reason behind the spike in suicides and perhaps even falls.同時(shí)其他研究顯示，嗜酒成為生日當(dāng)天自殺和摔倒的主要元兇。
The Swiss researchers say their results support the theory of an "anniversary reaction" or "birthday blues," meaning that deaths occurred more frequently on a birthday. They suggest this is a more likely explanation than the "death postponement" hypothesis, or that deaths are less likely to take place on birthdays and people might hang on long enough to reach this yearly milestone -- or to see through certain holidays or special occasions.瑞士研究者稱，他們的研究結(jié)果很好的詮釋了“生日憂郁”或“周年反應(yīng)”理論，也就是生日更容易導(dǎo)致死亡的發(fā)生。他們認(rèn)為“死亡延遲”假設(shè)是不太合理的：該假設(shè)認(rèn)為生日時(shí)，人們?yōu)榱丝邕^(guò)這個(gè)年度里程碑，或希望度過(guò)某些節(jié)日或特殊日子而堅(jiān)持熬過(guò)去，導(dǎo)致死亡率降低。
Some famous people who have passed away on their birthday include the actress Ingrid Bergman, feminist Betty Friedan, and William Shakespeare.著名人士，如女演員英格麗褒曼，女權(quán)主義者貝蒂弗萊頓和大戲劇家莎士比亞都是在生日當(dāng)天去世的。
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