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初二英語上冊知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納
總結(jié)就是對一個(gè)時(shí)期的學(xué)習(xí)、工作或其完成情況進(jìn)行一次全面系統(tǒng)的回顧和分析的書面材料，它能夠使頭腦更加清醒，目標(biāo)更加明確，是時(shí)候?qū)懸环菘偨Y(jié)了。那么你真的懂得怎么寫總結(jié)嗎？以下是小編整理的初二英語上冊知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
[語法解析]
不定代詞:不指名代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。用法注意:
1. some和any +可數(shù)名/不可數(shù)名。some多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑問句和條件從句。有些間句中用some,不用any,問話者希望得到對方肯定回答。
2.由some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)，其謂語動詞用第三單
3.不定代詞若有定語修飾，該定語要置于其后:如: somehing interesting
一、知識點(diǎn):
1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth為某人買某物
2. taste + adj.嘗起來....
3. nothing ..but + V. (原形)除了...外什么都沒有
4. seem+ (tobe) + adj看起來
5.arrive in+大地方
arrive at+小地方到達(dá)某地
6. decide to do sth.決定做某事
7. try doing sth.嘗試做某事
try to do sth.盡力做某事
8. enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事
9. want to do sth.想去做某事
10. start doing sth.開始做某事=begin doing sth.
11. stop doing sth.停止做某事
區(qū)分: stop to do sth.停下來去做某事
dislike doing sth.不喜歡做某事
14. so+ adj+ that +從句如...以至....
16. tell sb. (not) to do sth.告訴某人(不要)做某事
17. keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事
18. forget to do sth.忘記去做某事
forget doing sth忘記做過某事
二、詞語辨析:
1 、take a photo/ take photos拍照
quite a few+名詞復(fù)數(shù)“許多..”
2、seeng[形容詞看起來-.. You seem happy today.
to do sth.似乎、好像做某事
I seem to have a cold
It seems +從句似-. It seems that no one believe you.
seem like -.好像，似乎... It seems like a good idea,
3、 { arive in +大地點(diǎn)，= gtto= reach+地點(diǎn)名“到達(dá)..
arrive at +小地點(diǎn)
(注:若后跟地點(diǎn)副詞here/therehome,介詞需省略，如: arive here; get home)
4. feel like sth/ doing sth.感覺像是...
5. wonder“想知道”，+疑問詞(who, what, why)引導(dǎo)的從句。
because of +名/代/-ing
Because+從句，表示直接明確的原因或理由。
He can’t take a walk because of the rain.
1 don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
7.enough +名詞：“足夠..”
形容詞/副詞+enough
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
[語法解析]
1.頻率副詞: always, usually, often, sometimes, never
頻率副詞在句中通常放在實(shí)義動詞之前，be動詞或助動詞之后。常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)
2.“次數(shù)”的表達(dá)方法
一次once,兩次twice,三次或三次以上用基數(shù)詞+ times, three times,five times
3、howoften “多久- -次”問頻率，回答常含有頻率詞組或短語。
常見的how疑問詞:
1) How soo多久(以后)
- How soon will he be back?他多久能回來?
- He will be back in a month.他一個(gè)月后能回來。
eg.-How long did it take you to clean the house?你打掃房子用了多久?
- -It took me half an hour to clean the house.我打掃這房子用了半小時(shí)。
3) How many+名復(fù)How much+不可名“多少”問數(shù)量(how much還可問價(jià)格)二知識點(diǎn): .
1. go to the movies去看電影
2. look after= take care of照顧
3. surf the internet.上網(wǎng)
4. healthy ifestyle健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding去劃板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy保持健康
7. eatina habits飲食習(xí)慣
8. take more exercise做更多的運(yùn)動
9. thesameas與什么相同
10. be dfertfrom不同
11. oncea month一月一次
12. twice a week一周兩次
13.make a dfference to對什么有影響
14. most of the students=most student
15. shop=qo shopping=do some
17. bebadfor對什么有害some shopping
購物16.begoodfor對什么有益18. come home from school放學(xué)回家
19.of course = certainly= sure當(dāng)然
20. get g0 grades取得好成績
21. keepbe in good hea
22. take a vacation去度假于成項(xiàng)
[詞語辨析]
一、maybe/may be
1. The baby is crying，_____she is hungry.
2. The woman _____ _____a teacher.
maybe是副詞，意為“大概，可能，或許”，一般用于句首。 May be是情態(tài)動詞，意為可能是.，也許是..，.大概是..
3.a few/few/a little /little
�、賍_______people can live to 100,but_________people can live to 150.
②There is____time left, I don't catch the first bus.
�、跜ould you give me_______milk?
a few少數(shù)的，幾個(gè)，
a little(點(diǎn)兒少量)表示肯定
few很少的，幾乎沒有
little (很少的，幾乎沒有)表示否定
hard / hardly
�、� The ground is too______ to dig .
�、贗 can understand them.
�、� hard作形容詞，意為困難的，艱苦的，硬的":作副詞，意為“努力地，猛烈地"。
Hardly意為幾乎不"。
4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .
as for...意思是“至于:關(guān)于"，+名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式(即動名詞)。
As for him, I never want to see him here.至于他，我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見到。
As for the story, you'd better not believeit.關(guān)于那故事，你最好不要相信。
5.That sounds interesting.
這是"主語+系動詞+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡單句。sound (聽起來)，loo (看起來)，smell(聞起來)，taste (嘗起來)，feel (覺得)，seem (好象)，grow (變得) ,get
(變得)等詞在英語中可用作系動詞，后跟形容詞作表語。如:
It tastes good.這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet.這音樂聽起來很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier.煙霧變得越來越濃了。
2. Be about (介詞)“是關(guān)..+名/代/V-ing
4.Here be is+名單:Here is a photo of my family.
“這是..”are +名復(fù):Here are some books.
5.find(found)+that從句:發(fā)現(xiàn)....
Eg:! found that most students go to school by bike.
6.percent名詞，百分之....
百分?jǐn)?shù)用基數(shù)+ perent (不用復(fù)數(shù)形式), percent做主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)其后面的名詞來確定
e.g. 50% fifty percent百分之五十
Fifly percent of the apples are bad.
50%的蘋果都壞了。
Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge.
20%的肉都在冰箱
7.not ..…at all"一點(diǎn)也不”
not應(yīng)放在be動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞之后。
The story isn't interesting at all.
那個(gè)故事一點(diǎn)也沒有趣。
8. It is+ adj. to do sth.干某事是.....
例如:It is interesting to play computer games.玩電腦很有趣。
9.the best way to do _sth.做某事的最好方式
e.g. The best way to learmn English is through more practice
10. take, spend, pay
It takes sb.sometime to do sth.“花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間來做某事"。
人(sb.) spend時(shí)間錢on sth.“買某物花了...錢”。
(in) doing“花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間來做某事”。
pay的主語必須是人，而“花錢買某物”為pay .. for
11.however副詞，意為“然而，可是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，可放在句首、句中、句末
Unit3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
[語法解析]形容詞比較級
1.形容詞的原形就是原級，
2.比較級，表示........最高級，表示最...
2.比較句型:A+be動詞+形容詞的比較級+than +B“A比B .... (注意: A與B必須是同級的，即必須是人與人，物與物進(jìn)行對比)副詞比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu):
.“A+實(shí)意動詞+副詞比較級+ than + B”表示“A比B...
2.比較A，B兩人兩事物問其中哪- -個(gè)較..時(shí)用句型;
“Who/which +謂語動詞+ adj./adv.比較級，Aor B ?”
Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?
△特殊用法
1.“比較級+and+比較級”，意為“越來越”。多音節(jié)比較級用more and more+原級
2.“the+比較級(..).. the+比較級(..)"意思是:”越..越.."The more, the better.
3.主isthe形比+of the two+名復(fù)“主語是兩者中..”
4.兩者在某一方面相同: A+謂語動詞+as+ adj/adv.原級+ as+ B.
Helen is as tall as Amy.
Peter studies as hard as Tom.
表示兩者在某一方面不及另-方時(shí)，用“not as/so+形容詞或副詞原級+as"
Eg. I am not as tall as my sister.
形容詞，副詞比較級前的修飾語。
當(dāng)需要表示一方超過另一方的程度時(shí)，可以用much, a lot, a lttle, a bit,等來修飾形容詞比較級。注意:比較級不能用very, so, too, quite等修飾。
二、知識點(diǎn)
1.have fun=Have a good time玩得開心
have fun doing sth :做某事很開心
2. do the same things as me.
(翻譯)______________________
the same ..as...與……相同
3. A good fried is good at sports. (翻譯) be good at.……擅長……… ,其后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞。同義詞組: do well in
He_______English.(他擅長英語)
I'm______basketall.(我擅長打籃球)
4. care about關(guān)心
care for關(guān)愛
take care (當(dāng)/小心)
take care of (照顧)=look after
5.makes me laugh.
make sb. do sth.意為:讓某人做某事
His father always makes him get up before five o' clock.(他父親總是讓他五點(diǎn)前起床)
讓(使)某人做某事(make后跟不帶to的不定式)
make sb. +形容詞:使某人保持某種狀態(tài):
e.g. My friends always make me happy
6.be like"就像.."→
I am like your sister.
Look like“外貌上的像”→
l look like my sister.
7.That's why+句子:那就...的原因/那就是為什么...
8.It's+形+ (for sb.) to do sth. “做某事(對某人來說)是... ”
9. make frends with sb.與某人交朋友
10. as long as只要:既然，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句
11. be different from與....不同;
反: be the same as與....相國
12.though① adv:不過:可是:然而(句末補(bǔ)充說明使語氣減弱)
②conj.雖然;盡管: -although與but不能同時(shí)用在一個(gè)句子中
eg :He said he would come, he didn't, though.他說他要來，可是并沒有來。
Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him.盡管他已經(jīng)去世很多年了，但很多人仍然記得他
13.get better grades取得更好的成績
14.does(助動詞do/did),為了避免重復(fù)，可代替上文出現(xiàn)過的實(shí)意動詞。
I work harder than Tom___ (is/do/does/did).
15.be good with sb.與某人相處得好
Unit4 What's the best movie theater?
[語法解析]
1)形容詞最高級:用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比較。
2)標(biāo)志詞:表比較范圍時(shí)用in/of
形容詞最高級前須加定冠詞the.副詞最高級前可省略the。
表示“三者(或三者以上)中...的"的句型
1.A+ be+ the形容詞最較級+表示范圍(in/of介詞短語)
2.A+實(shí)意動詞+ (the)副詞最高級+表示范圍的of/in介詞短語
常用句式:
1) Who/ Which...+最高級.., B or C?
2) one of +the +形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“最..…之一”。
3)序數(shù)詞后跟形容詞最高級
二、知識點(diǎn).
1、in town在鎮(zhèn)上
2、welcome to+地名:歡迎來到......
3、How do you like +名/代/ving
“你認(rèn)為..…怎么樣?”
=What do you think of
4、Thanks for
=Thank you for +名/代V-ing:為……感謝..
5.不客氣:
No problem= You' re welcome =Not at all.
6.talent n.天賦
talent show才藝表演
talented adj.有天賦的
be talented in在……方面有天賦
7. be good at擅長..(= do well in)反義短語: be poor/ weak in在...方面弱;
be good for .....益”，后跟人或事物，
其反義短語是be bad for.
be good to ....好(和善;慈愛)"，相當(dāng)于
be friendly to,后面通常接人
8. have ... in common有相同特征; (想法、興趣等方面)相同
9. all kinds of各種類型的;各種各樣的
different kinds of不同種類的
a kind of一種...
*kind of+形容詞:有點(diǎn)兒……
kind of boring / fat /thin
10. It's up to sb. to do sth.
做某事是某人的職責(zé)
11. make up編造(故事、謊言等)
Don't make up a story.
12. take ... seriously認(rèn)真對待....
Don't take it so seriously.
別把這件事看得這么嚴(yán)重。
13. play a role in doing sth.
“在...中發(fā)揮作用/扮演角色”
14. win動--won:贏得+獎(jiǎng)品
winner名:贏者
15. give→gave(過)
give sb. sth= give sth. tosb.給某人某物
He gave me some money.
= He gave some money to me.
16.watch sb. do sth.觀看某人做了某事.
watch sb.doing sth.觀看某人正在做某事
17.舉例: like:可和such as互換.
such as:常列舉幾個(gè)例子，不能窮盡，可和and so on(等等)連用
for example:一般只列舉一個(gè)，作插入語用逗號隔開，可置于句首/向中向末;
e.g.l like fruits,apples. for example，apples, bananas and pears.
Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?
[語法解析]
1.詢問某人對某物的觀點(diǎn)及看法:
What do you think of ..
=How do you like...
2.描述喜好
I love/ like/ don't mind/dislike/can't stand. .
〈復(fù)習(xí)鞏固一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài):主語+V+其他;主語(三單) +V(三單)+(其他)知識點(diǎn)〉
want+n想.....
want to do sth想要做某事
want sb to do sth想讓某人干某.....
2.mind:介意;其后+名詞/代詞/V-ing
4.stand
1)“站,站立”e.g. Stand up!起立
2)“忍受”(多用于否定句、疑問句),后可+名/代或V-ing
5.planvt. & vi計(jì)劃,打算
plan to do sth.
plan還可作名詞，如: make plans制定計(jì)劃
6.動詞discuss (討論) + ion→discussion
had a discussion about sth.
7. happenv.發(fā)生;出現(xiàn)
sth+ happens to sb."或“Sth happened +時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)"句式
8.情態(tài)動詞: may:語氣弱于can，意為“可能”
might表推測，語氣最弱，意為“可能”
may/might not表示否定推測時(shí)語氣最弱，意為“可能不”
They may not be very exciting.她們可能不是那么令人興奮
9.expect to do sth.期盼做某事
hope to do sth.希望干某事
很多動詞后面都可以跟動詞不定式作賓語，如:
want, like, hope, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try, ask
10.be famous as +職業(yè)名“作為.....而出名”，
be famous for sth.表示“以某種知識技能，作品或特征而出名”，
11.one of .….
后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示..之一。其后的謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
e.g. One of my favorite movies is Mr. Bean.我最喜歡的電影之-是憨豆先生。
12.always ready to do sh,“總是準(zhǔn)備好做某事
13.try one's best“盡力;竭盡全力”的意思
14.show名詞: “節(jié)目”:
TV shows/ talent shows
動:“展示”show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.
15.take one's place代替;替換
16. do a good job干得好
Unit6 I'm going to study computer science.
[語法解析]
1.將來時(shí)用于表示未來將做的事，常用
"be + going to+動詞原形”來表達(dá)，表示計(jì)劃或根據(jù)某些現(xiàn)象或征兆預(yù)測不久即將發(fā)生的情。含有“打算"之意。常與tomorrow, next Sunday, next month, thed ay after tomorrow等表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。
1).結(jié)構(gòu)“主語+ beisam/are) going to + do sth"
2).否定式:主語+ be not+ going to do sth.
二、知識點(diǎn)
1. want to be/become + (職業(yè))名詞: “想要成為...
l want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.
2.write stories寫故事
tell stories講故事
3. keep on doing sth繼續(xù)做某事(表動作的反復(fù))
keeping doing sth.保持做某事(表動作或狀態(tài)的持續(xù))
4:be sure about +名/代V-ing"肯定"
-- Are you sure about that?
make sure (a)…..確保
Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out
5. leanr sth.
We must learn English every day.
6.discuss v.討論;商量
名詞是dscussion
discuss with sb.與某人討論:
Discuss this question with your partner.
Let's discuss this problem.讓我們討論一下這個(gè)問題。
All we need now is action, not dscussion.我們現(xiàn)在需要的是行動，不是討論。
7. be able to do sth能夠做某事
區(qū)分(1) can: can+動詞原形，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)，不能用于將來時(shí)
be ableto +動原，有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 (be:isam/are)可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)
(2) can常指客觀上能夠: be able to更側(cè)重于“克服一定困難” 、“經(jīng)過努力” 、“有能力”做成某事。
He will be able to(能夠) speak English next year. (在此不能填can)
8. promise n.承諾:諾言
v.許諾:承諾:答應(yīng)
make a promise(to sb.)(對某人)許下諾言
keep a promise遵守諾言
break a promise違背諾言
promise sb to do sth.許諾某人干某事
+that從句
He promised to help me.他許諾過要幫助我。
I promised that I study hard from now on.我承諾從現(xiàn)在起努力學(xué)習(xí)。
9.have to do with關(guān)于;有關(guān)系
The book has to do with computers.
那本書與計(jì)算機(jī)有關(guān)。
10.take up sth. (尤指為消遣)學(xué)著做;開始做
l am going to take up coking nex year.明年我將要學(xué)煮飯。
11.Sometimes the resolutions may be too dfficult to keep.
too+形容詞/副詞to+動原，表示太…...而不能...”如: .
The kid is too young to play (play) this game.這個(gè)小孩太小，不能玩這個(gè)游戲。
12. one's own+名“某人自己的東西”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某物為個(gè)人所有
My own book我自己的書本
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