2018考研英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法摘抄
從屬連詞從屬連詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句的。
1.連詞that, if, whether，連接代詞what, which, who, whom, whose以及連接副詞how, when, why, where可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)名詞從句，充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。非正式文體中的賓語(yǔ)從句常省略that：
I think (that) he’ll be back in an hour. 我認(rèn)為他一小時(shí)后就會(huì)回來(lái)。
Who they are doesn’t matter much. 他們是誰(shuí)沒(méi)什么大關(guān)系。
Can you tell me where he is? 你能告訴我他在哪兒?jiǎn)?
He asked me if/whether I knew John. 他問(wèn)我是否認(rèn)識(shí)約翰。
此外，that, which, who, whom, whose, when, why, where等還可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
2.連詞when, while, before, after, till/until, since, as soon as等引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：
She said hello to me when she saw me. 她看到我的時(shí)候，和我打了招呼。
I’ll wait here until you come back. 我將在這里等你回來(lái)。
3.連詞if, unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句;because, as, since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句：
I’ll help her if she asks me to. 如果她要求我，我就幫助她。
I won’t help her unless she asks me to. 除非她要求我，否則我不會(huì)幫她。
He didn’t come because he was ill. 因?yàn)樗×�，所以沒(méi)來(lái)。
As he hasn’t appeared yet, we shall start without him. 既然他還沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)，我們就先開(kāi)始吧。
Since everybody is here, let’s begin. 既然大家都到了，咱們就開(kāi)始吧。
4.連詞in order than, so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句;so…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：
I locked the door in order that we might continue our discussions undisturbed. (=I locked the door in order to continue our discussions undisturbed.) 我把門(mén)鎖上了，以便我們可以繼續(xù)討論而不受打擾。
The car ran so fast that I couldn’t see who was in it. 汽車(chē)跑得那么快，我沒(méi)看清誰(shuí)坐在里面。
5.連詞than, as…as…, not as/so…as…用來(lái)引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句：
He is better educated than his brother. 他比他兄弟受的`教育好。
He is as well educated as his brother. 他和他兄弟受的教育一樣好。
He is not as/so well educated as his brother. 他沒(méi)有他兄弟受的教育好。
6.連詞although, though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;where, wherever 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：
I’ll go wherever you go. 不管你去哪兒，我就去那兒。
Stay where you are! 原地別動(dòng)!
Though/Although she is rich, she’s not happy. 盡管她富有，但她并不幸福。
一般來(lái)說(shuō)，連詞性質(zhì)的連接詞連接兩個(gè)分句或引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句，兩個(gè)分句或主從復(fù)合句之間用逗號(hào)連接。
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