格林童話故事：熊皮人Bearskin

格林童話故事：熊皮人Bearskin

　　《熊皮人》是一篇格林童話故事，主要講了從前有個(gè)年輕人應(yīng)征入伍，在戰(zhàn)爭中他表現(xiàn)得十分英勇，在槍林彈雨中總是沖鋒陷陣。只要戰(zhàn)爭在繼續(xù)，一切就很順利，可是當(dāng)和平來到的時(shí)候，他就被遣散了，上尉對(duì)他說愿意上哪兒就上哪兒吧。他的父母都死了，他無家可歸，只好投奔他的哥哥們，懇求他們收留他，等待戰(zhàn)爭再次爆發(fā)�？墒菬o情無義的哥哥們說：“我們要你干什么?你對(duì)我們一點(diǎn)用都沒有，自己去謀生吧�！毕挛氖侵杏⑽陌姹�，與大家分享學(xué)習(xí)。

　　從前有個(gè)年輕人應(yīng)征入伍，在戰(zhàn)爭中他表現(xiàn)得十分英勇，在槍林彈雨中總是沖鋒陷陣。只要戰(zhàn)爭在繼續(xù)，一切就很順利，可是當(dāng)和平來到的時(shí)候，他就被遣散了，上尉對(duì)他說愿意上哪兒就上哪兒吧。他的父母都死了，他無家可歸，只好投奔他的哥哥們，懇求他們收留他，等待戰(zhàn)爭再次爆發(fā)。可是無情無義的哥哥們說："我們要你干什么?你對(duì)我們一點(diǎn)用都沒有，自己去謀生吧。"士兵除了槍外一無所有，他把槍扛在肩上，義無反顧地走向世界。他來到一塊廣闊的荒原，地上除了一圈的樹外就再?zèng)]有其它東西了。他傷心地坐在樹下，開始為他的命運(yùn)著想。"我身無分文，"他想道，"除了打仗，我沒有一技之長，由于現(xiàn)在他們制造了和平，他們就不再需要我了。我已經(jīng)預(yù)感到我挨餓的日子就要到了。"這時(shí)他聽見一陣聲響，便向四周望去，發(fā)現(xiàn)在他面前有一個(gè)陌生人，身著一件綠色外衣，相貌堂堂，可是卻長了一只像馬蹄子似的腳。"我知道你需要什么，"那人說道，"你將擁有金子和財(cái)產(chǎn)，要多少就有多少，想干什么就干什么，但是首先我得了解你是否毫無畏懼，以保證我的錢不會(huì)白花。""士兵和懦夫怎能相提并論?"他回答，"你可以驗(yàn)證。""那太好了，"那人說，"你回頭看。"士兵轉(zhuǎn)過身去，看見一只碩大的熊正吼叫著向他撲來。"噢呵!"士兵大叫一聲，"我來給你鼻子撓撓癢，你就會(huì)覺得叫喚沒多大意思啦。"于是他瞄準(zhǔn)熊的鼻頭開了一槍，熊轟然倒地，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)了。"我非常清楚，"陌生人說，"你需要的不是勇氣，但是你還得滿足另外一個(gè)條件。""只要不是傷天害理的事。"士兵回答，他已經(jīng)知道身邊的人是誰了，"如果是的話，我決不會(huì)去做的。""你可以自己看著辦，"綠衣人說，"在七年中，你不能洗澡，不能修胡子，不能理發(fā)，也不能剪指甲，還不許祈禱上帝，一次都不行。我給你一件上衣和一件斗篷，你必須穿七年。如果在七年中，你死啦，那你就歸我了;如果你還活著，你就自由了，而且下半輩子非常富有。"士兵考慮自己目前的絕境，和他過去出生入死的生活，決定現(xiàn)在再冒一次險(xiǎn)，于是就同意了條件。魔鬼脫下了綠衣，遞給士兵，說道："如果你穿上這件衣服，把手插進(jìn)口袋，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)里面總有滿滿的錢。"然后他把熊皮剝了下來并說："這就是你的.斗篷，而且是你的床，從此你只能睡在這上面，不能睡在其它任何床上，由于你的這件斗篷，以后你的名字就叫熊皮人。"說完，魔鬼就消失了。

　　士兵穿上那件衣服，迫不及待地把手伸進(jìn)口袋，發(fā)現(xiàn)那是真的。接著穿上熊皮，走進(jìn)人世間，盡情地享受了金錢給他帶來的快樂。第一年他的相貌尚可說得過去，可是第二年他看起來就像個(gè)魔鬼了。他的長發(fā)遮面，胡須像一塊粗糙的毛氈，手指像獸爪，滿臉是厚厚的污垢，仿佛播上芹菜種都能長出來似的。人們一看見他都給嚇跑了，他每到一處都賞給別人錢，讓人們?yōu)樽约浩矶\別在七年中死去，由于他作任何事都慷慨大方，所以他總是能找到住宿的地方。到了第四年，他進(jìn)了一家旅店，可是店主不招待他，因?yàn)榕滤�把馬給嚇著，甚至不讓他住在馬圈里。這時(shí)熊皮人把手插進(jìn)口袋，掏出一大把金幣，店主馬上轉(zhuǎn)變了態(tài)度，讓他住進(jìn)外宅的一間屋子里。但是店主要求熊皮人別讓其他人看見，否則會(huì)壞了旅店的名聲。

　　傍晚，熊皮人孤伶伶地一個(gè)人坐在屋子里，從心底里希望七年已經(jīng)熬到頭。就在這時(shí)，他聽見從隔壁的屋子里傳出一陣悲切的哭聲。他懷著一顆同情的心打開了門，看見一位老人雙手絞在一起，痛苦地哭泣著。熊皮人走上前去，然而老人跳起來，掙扎著從他身邊逃開了。最后老人聽出熊皮人說的是人話，方才放下心來，在熊皮人長時(shí)間善言善語的勸說下，老人才透露了他悲傷的原因。原來在漫長的生活中，他破產(chǎn)了，他和他的女兒們?cè)诎ゐI，現(xiàn)在已身無分文，再?zèng)]有辦法付住店的錢，快要被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄了。"這有何難?"熊皮人說："我有的是錢。"他把店主叫來，交了店錢，并把滿滿一包金子放進(jìn)了可憐老人的口袋里。

　　老人這時(shí)才明白他已經(jīng)擺脫了困境，他不知道如何表達(dá)自己的感激之情。"跟我來，"他對(duì)熊皮人說，"我的女兒都美如天仙，你挑一個(gè)作為你的妻子吧。只要她知道你為我所作的一切，她就不會(huì)拒絕你。你看上去確實(shí)有點(diǎn)兒怪，不過她很快就會(huì)讓你恢復(fù)原來相貌的。"當(dāng)大女兒看到他時(shí)，被他的那張臉嚇壞，尖叫著逃跑了。二女兒站在那里從頭到腳地打量著他，然后說道："我怎么能嫁給一個(gè)沒有一點(diǎn)兒人樣的人呢?曾經(jīng)有一只剃光了毛，裝成人的熊到過這里，它更讓我喜歡，因?yàn)樗�起碼穿了一身輕騎兵的制服，戴了一雙白手套。如果他僅僅相貌難看沒關(guān)系，我能夠習(xí)慣的。"可是小女兒卻說："親愛的父親，他幫助您克服了困難，那么他一定是個(gè)好人，既然您為了報(bào)答他，已經(jīng)答應(yīng)讓他成親，那么我們就得遵守諾言。"遺憾的是父女們看不到熊皮人在聽到這些話語后的興奮神情，因?yàn)樗�的臉被厚厚的泥垢和長長的頭發(fā)全遮掩了。他從手指上捋下一枚戒指，掰成兩半，給她一半，自己留下另一半。他把自己的名字寫在她那一半的戒指上，她的名字寫在自己的一半戒指上，請(qǐng)求她認(rèn)真地保存好她那一半。然后他告別說："我還有三年的時(shí)間在外游蕩，我必須這么作，如果我屆時(shí)不歸，那么我就是死了，你不必再等我。請(qǐng)向上帝祈禱，保佑我的生命吧。"

　　可憐的未婚婦穿了一身黑衣服，一想起未婚夫，淚水就情不自禁地涌入眼眶。她從姐姐們那兒得到的只是嘲笑和譏諷。"小心點(diǎn)兒，"大姐說，"如果你把手伸給他，他會(huì)用爪子抓住你的手。""注意啦!"二姐說，"熊喜歡甜甜的食物，如果他喜歡你，就會(huì)吃掉你。""你必須常常投其所好，"大姐接著說，"否則他會(huì)大發(fā)雷霆。"二姐繼續(xù)道："婚禮肯定熱鬧，熊喜歡跳舞。"新娘默不做聲，而且不氣不惱。此時(shí)，熊皮人正在世界各處游蕩，從一處到另一處，力所能及地做著善事，慷慨大方地資助窮人，大家都在為他祈禱。

　　終于，七年的最后一天降臨了，這天，他又一次來到了那一片荒原，再次坐到那圈樹下。不一會(huì)兒，風(fēng)刮起來了。在風(fēng)的呼嘯中，魔鬼站到了他的面前，氣呼呼地看著他，他把熊皮人的舊衣服扔還給他，然后問他要他自己的綠外套。熊皮人不慌不忙地答道："這事別著急，你得先把我清洗干凈。"魔鬼心里窩著火，極不情愿地打來水，給熊皮人洗干凈，理了發(fā)，剪了指甲。一切完畢時(shí)，他看上去像一名勇敢的士兵，比從前更加英俊漂亮了。

　　等魔鬼一走，熊皮人頓時(shí)感到了一身輕松。他進(jìn)城買了一件絲絨大衣穿在身上，坐上一輛四匹白馬拉著的馬車上，向他的新娘家駛?cè)�。�?dāng)時(shí)沒有一個(gè)人認(rèn)出他來，父親把他當(dāng)做高貴的將軍領(lǐng)進(jìn)女兒們坐著的房間，他被兩個(gè)姐姐圍住，她們殷勤地向他敬酒，請(qǐng)他品嘗最好的菜肴，暗想這是她們見到的全世界最英俊瀟灑的男人�？墒切履飬s坐在他的對(duì)面，穿著黑衣服，既不抬頭看他一眼，也不說一句話。終于他得空對(duì)父親說他能不能娶他的一個(gè)女兒為妻。二個(gè)姐姐聽后，馬上跳起身來，跑進(jìn)自己的臥室梳妝打扮起來，穿上盛裝出來，每個(gè)人都想被選中。當(dāng)屋里只有他和新娘的時(shí)候，陌生人掏出他的那半個(gè)戒指，扔進(jìn)一個(gè)酒杯里，隔著桌子將酒杯遞給她。她把酒喝光后發(fā)現(xiàn)在杯底的半個(gè)戒指，不禁心跳加快。她把用一條絹帶掛在脖子上的另一半戒指掏出，對(duì)在一起，分毫不差。這時(shí)他說："我就是你的未婚夫，以前你看到的那個(gè)熊皮人。感謝上帝的恩典，我又恢復(fù)了人形，還變得干干凈凈的啦。"他站了起來，走過去熱情地?fù)肀вH吻她。這時(shí)，打扮得花枝招展的兩個(gè)姐姐走出來，正好看見小妹妹和那個(gè)英俊的男人擁抱在一起，并聽到他就是那個(gè)熊皮人，她們立刻嫉妒萬分、羞愧難當(dāng)、滿腔怒火地跑了出去，一個(gè)投井自盡，另一個(gè)吊死在樹上。晚上，有人來敲門，新郎打開門一看，外邊是穿綠衣服的魔鬼，魔鬼告訴他："你知道嗎，我用你的靈魂換了兩個(gè)靈魂。"

　　熊皮人英文版：

　　Bearskin

　　There was once a young fellow who enlisted as a soldier, conducted himself bravely, and was always the foremost when it rained bullets. So long as the war lasted, all went well, but when peace was made, he received his dismissal, and the captain said he might go where he liked. His parents were dead, and he had no longer a home, so he went to his brothers and begged them to take him in, and keep him until war broke out again. The brothers, however, were hard-hearted and said, "What can we do with thee? thou art of no use to us; go and make a living for thyself." The soldier had nothing left but his gun; he took that on his shoulder, and went forth into the world. He came to a wide heath, on which nothing was to be seen but a circle of trees; under these he sat sorrowfully down, and began to think over his fate. "I have no money," thought he, "I have learnt no trade but that of fighting, and now that they have made peace they don't want me any longer; so I see beforehand that I shall have to starve." All at once he heard a rustling, and when he looked round, a strange man stood before him, who wore a green coat and looked right stately, but had a hideous cloven foot. "I know already what thou art in need of," said the man; "gold and possessions shall thou have, as much as thou canst make away with do what thou wilt, but first I must know if thou art fearless, that I may not bestow my money in vain." - "A soldier and fear - how can those two things go together?" he answered; "thou canst put me to the proof." - "Very well, then," answered the man, "look behind thee." The soldier turned round, and saw a large bear, which came growling towards him. "Oho!" cried the soldier, "I will tickle thy nose for thee, so that thou shalt soon lose thy fancy for growling," and he aimed at the bear and shot it through the muzzle; it fell down and never stirred again. "I see quite well," said the stranger, "that thou art not wanting in courage, but there is still another condition which thou wilt have to fulfil." - "If it does not endanger my salvation," replied the soldier, who knew very well who was standing by him. "If it does, I'll have nothing to do with it." - "Thou wilt look to that for thyself," answered Greencoat; "thou shalt for the next seven years neither wash thyself, nor comb thy beard, nor thy hair, nor cut thy nails, nor say one paternoster. I will give thee a coat and a cloak, which during this time thou must wear. If thou diest during these seven years, thou art mine; if thou remainest alive, thou art free, and rich to boot, for all the rest of thy life." The soldier thought of the great extremity in which he now found himself, and as he so often had gone to meet death, he resolved to risk it now also, and agreed to the terms. The Devil took off his green coat, gave it to the soldier, and said, "If thou hast this coat on thy back and puttest thy hand into the pocket, thou wilt always find it full of money." Then he pulled the skin off the bear and said, "This shall be thy cloak, and thy bed also, for thereon shalt thou sleep, and in no other bed shalt thou lie, and because of this apparel shalt thou be called Bearskin." After this the Devil vanished.

　　The soldier put the coat on, felt at once in the pocket, and found that the thing was really true. Then he put on the bearskin and went forth into the world, and enjoyed himself, refraining from nothing that did him good and his money harm. During the first year his appearance was passable, but during the second he began to look like a monster. His hair covered nearly the whole of his face, his beard was like a piece of coarse felt, his fingers had claws, and his face was so covered with dirt that if cress had been sown on it, it would have come up. Whosoever saw him, ran away, but as he everywhere gave the poor money to pray that he might not die during the seven years, and as he paid well for everything he still always found shelter. In the fourth year, he entered an inn where the landlord would not receive him, and would not even let him have a place in the stable, because he was afraid the horses would be scared. But as Bearskin thrust his hand into his pocket and pulled out a handful of ducats, the host let himself be persuaded and gave him a room in an outhouse. Bearskin was, however, obliged to promise not to let himself be seen, lest the inn should get a bad name.

　　As Bearskin was sitting alone in the evening, and wishing from the bottom of his heart that the seven years were over, he heard a loud lamenting in a neighboring room. He had a compassionate heart, so he opened the door, and saw an old man weeping bitterly, and wringing his hands. Bearskin went nearer, but the man sprang to his feet and tried to escape from him. At last when the man perceived that Bearskin's voice was human he let himself be prevailed on, and by kind words bearskin succeeded so far that the old man revealed the cause of his grief. His property had dwindled away by degrees, he and his daughters would have to starve, and he was so poor that he could not pay the innkeeper, and was to be put in prison. "If that is your only trouble," said Bearskin, "I have plenty of money." He caused the innkeeper to be brought thither, paid him and put a purse full of gold into the poor old man's pocket besides.

　　When the old man saw himself set free from all his troubles he did not know how to be grateful enough. "Come with me," said he to Bearskin; "my daughters are all miracles of beauty, choose one of them for thyself as a wife. When she hears what thou hast done for me, she will not refuse thee. Thou dost in truth look a little strange, but she will soon put thee to rights again." This pleased Bearskin well, and he went. When the eldest saw him she was so terribly alarmed at his face that she screamed and ran away. The second stood still and looked at him from head to foot, but then she said, "How can I accept a husband who no longer has a human form? The shaven bear that once was here and passed itself off for a man pleased me far better, for at any rate it wore a hussar's dress and white gloves. If it were nothing but ugliness, I might get used to that." The youngest, however, said, "Dear father, that must be a good man to have helped you out of your trouble, so if you have promised him a bride for doing it, your promise must be kept." It was a pity that Bearskin's face was covered with dirt and with hair, for if not they might have seen how delighted he was when he heard these words. He took a ring from his finger, broke it in two, and gave her one half, the other he kept for himself. He wrote his name, however, on her half, and hers on his, and begged her to keep her piece carefully, and then he took his leave and said, "I must still wander about for three years, and if I do not return then, thou art free, for I shall be dead. But pray to God to preserve my life."

　　The poor betrothed bride dressed herself entirely in black, and when she thought of her future bridegroom, tears came into her eyes. Nothing but contempt and mockery fell to her lot from her sisters. "Take care," said the eldest, "if thou givest him thy hand, he will strike his claws into it." - "Beware!" said the second. "Bears like sweet things, and if he takes a fancy to thee, he will eat thee up." - "Thou must always do as he likes," began the elder again, "or else he will growl." And the second continued, "But the wedding will be a merry one, for bears dance well." The bride was silent, and did not let them vex her. Bearskin, however, travelled about the world from one place to another, did good where he was able, and gave generously to the poor that they might pray for him.

　　At length, as the last day of the seven years dawned, he went once more out on to the heath, and seated himself beneath the circle of trees. It was not long before the wind whistled, and the Devil stood before him and looked angrily at him; then he threw Bearskin his old coat, and asked for his own green one back. "We have not got so far as that yet," answered Bearskin, "thou must first make me clean." Whether the Devil liked it or not, he was forced to fetch water, and wash Bearskin, comb his hair, and cut his nails. After this, he looked like a brave soldier, and was much handsomer than he had ever been before.

　　When the Devil had gone away, Bearskin was quite lighthearted. He went into the town, put on a magnificent velvet coat, seated himself in a carriage drawn by four white horses, and drove to his bride's house. No one recognized him, the father took him for a distinguished general, and led him into the room where his daughters were sitting. He was forced to place himself between the two eldest, they helped him to wine, gave him the best pieces of meat, and thought that in all the world they had never seen a handsomer man. The bride, however, sat opposite to him in her black dress, and never raised her eyes, nor spoke a word. When at length he asked the father if he would give him one of his daughters to wife, the two eldest jumped up, ran into their bedrooms to put on splendid dresses, for each of them fancied she was the chosen one. The stranger, as soon as he was alone with his bride, brought out his half of the ring, and threw it in a glass of wine which he reached across the table to her. She took the wine, but when she had drunk it, and found the half ring lying at the bottom, her heart began to beat. She got the other half, which she wore on a ribbon round her neck, joined them, and saw that the two pieces fitted exactly together. Then said he, "I am thy betrothed bridegroom, whom thou sawest as Bearskin, but through God's grace I have again received my human form, and have once more become clean." He went up to her, embraced her, and gave her a kiss. In the meantime the two sisters came back in full dress, and when they saw that the handsome man had fallen to the share of the youngest, and heard that he was Bearskin, they ran out full of anger and rage. One of them drowned herself in the well, the other hanged herself on a tree. In the evening, some one knocked at the door, and when the bridegroom opened it, it was the Devil in his green coat, who said, "Seest thou, I have now got two souls in the place of thy one!"

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