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白居易《琵琶行》原文優(yōu)美中英文對照
白居易《琵琶行》原文優(yōu)美中英文對照《琵琶行》 Song of the Lute Player 白居易 Bai Juyi 潯陽江頭夜送客,楓葉荻花秋瑟瑟。以下是小編整理的白居易《琵琶行》原文優(yōu)美中英文對照,僅供參考,大家一起來看看吧。
《琵琶行》
Song of the Lute Player
白居易
Bai Juyi
潯陽江頭夜送客,楓葉荻花秋瑟瑟。
By the Xunyang River a guest is seen off one night;
Chill the autumn, red the maple leaves and in flower the reeds;
主人下馬客在船,舉酒欲飲無管弦。
The host alights from his horse, the guest is aboard,
They raise their cups to drink but have no music.
醉不成歡慘將別,別時茫茫江浸月。
Drunk without joy, in sadness they must part;
At the time of parting the river seems steeped in moonlight;
忽聞水上琵琶聲,主人忘歸客不發(fā)。
Suddenly out on the water a lute is heard;
The host forgets to turn back, the guest delays going.
尋聲暗問彈者誰?琵琶聲停欲語遲。
Seeking the sound in the dark, we ask who is the player.
The lute is silent, hesitant the reply.
移船相近邀相見,添酒回?zé)糁亻_宴。
Rowing closer, we ask if we may meet the musician,
Call for more wine, trim the lamp and resume our feast;
千呼萬喚始出來,猶抱琵琶半遮面。
Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear,
Her face half-hidden behind the lute in her arms.
轉(zhuǎn)軸撥弦三兩聲,未成曲調(diào)先有情。
She tunes up and plucks the strings a few times,
Touching our hearts before even the tune is played;
弦弦掩抑聲聲思,似訴平生不得志。
Each chord strikes a pensive note
As if voicing the disillusion of a lifetime;
低眉信手續(xù)續(xù)彈,說盡心中無限事。
Her head is bent, her fingers stray over the strings
Pouring out the infinite sorrows of her heart.
輕攏慢捻抹復(fù)挑,初為《霓裳》后《六幺》。
Lightly she pinches in the strings, slowly she strums and plucks them;
First The Rainbow Garments, then The Six Minor Notes.
大弦嘈嘈如急雨,小弦切切如私語。
The high notes wail like pelting rain,
The low notes whisper like soft confidences;
嘈嘈切切錯雜彈,大珠小珠落玉盤。
Wailing and whispering interweave
Like pearls large and small cascading on a plate of jade,
間關(guān)鶯語花底滑,幽咽泉流冰下難。
Like a warbling oriole gliding below the blossom,
Like a mountain brook purling down a bank,
冰泉冷澀弦凝絕,凝絕不通聲暫歇。
Till the brook turns to ice, the strings seem about snap,
About to snap, and for one instant all is still
別有幽愁暗恨生,此時無聲勝有聲。
Only an undertone of quiet grief
Is more poignant in the silence than any sound;
銀瓶乍破水漿迸,鐵騎突出刀槍鳴。
Then a silver bottle is smashed, out gushes the water,
Armoured riders charge, their swords and lances clang!
曲終收撥當(dāng)心畫,四弦一聲如裂帛。
When the tune ends, she draws her pick full across
And the four strings give a sound like the tearing of silk.
東船西舫悄無言,唯見江心秋月白。
Right and left of the boat all is silence —
We see only the autumn moon, silver in midstream.
沉吟放撥插弦中,整頓衣裳起斂容。
Pensively she puts the pick between the strings,
Straightens her clothes, rises and composes herself.
自言本是京城女,家在蝦蟆陵下住。
She is, she says, a girl from the capital
Whose family once lived at the foot of Toad Hill.
十三學(xué)得琵琶成,名屬教坊第一部。
At thirteen she learned to play the lute
And ranked first among the musicians;
曲罷曾教善才服,妝成每被秋娘妒。
Her playing was admired by the old masters,
Her looks were the envy of other courtesans;
五陵年少爭纏頭,一曲紅綃不知數(shù)。
Youths from wealthy districts vied in their gifts to engage her,
A single song brought her countless rolls of red silk;
鈿頭銀篦擊節(jié)碎,血色羅裙翻酒污。
Men smashed jeweled and silver trinkets to mark the beat;
Silk skirts as red as blood were stained by spilt wine.
今年歡笑復(fù)明年,秋月春風(fēng)等閑度。
Pleasure and laughter from one year to the next.
While the autumn moon and spring breeze passed unheeded.
弟走從軍阿姨死,暮去朝來顏色故。
Then her brother joined the army, her aunt died,
The days and nights slipped by and her beauty fades,
門前冷落鞍馬稀,老大嫁作商人婦。
No more carriages and horsemen thronged her gate,
And growing old she became a merchants wife.
商人重利輕別離,前月浮梁買茶去。
The merchant thought only of profit: to seek it he leaves her.
Two months ago he went to Fuliang to buy tea,
去來江口守空船,繞船月明江水寒。
Leaving her alone in the boat at the mouth of the river;
All around the moonlight is bright, the river is cold,
夜深忽夢少年事,夢啼妝淚紅闌干。
And late at night, dreaming of her girlhood,
She cries in her sleep, staining her rouged cheeks with tears.
我聞琵琶已嘆息,又聞此語重唧唧。
The music of her lute has made me sign,
And now she tells this plaintive tale of sorrow;
同是天涯淪落人,相逢何必曾相識!
We are both ill-starred, drifting on the face of the earth;
No matter if we were strangers before this encounter.
我從去年辭帝京,謫居臥病潯陽城。
Last year I bade the imperial city farewell;
A demoted official, I lay ill in Xunyang;
潯陽地僻無音樂,終歲不聞絲竹聲。
Xunyang is a paltry place without any music,
For one year I heard no wind instruments, no strings.
住近湓江地低濕,黃蘆苦竹繞宅生。
Now I live on the low, damp flat by the River Pen,
Round my house yellow reeds and bitter bamboos grow rife;
其間旦暮聞何物?杜鵑啼血猿哀鳴。
From dawn till dusk I hear no other sounds
But the wailing of night-jars and the moaning of apes.
春江花朝秋月夜,往往取酒還獨(dú)傾。
On a day of spring blossoms by the river or moonlit night in autumn
I often call for wine and drink alone;
豈無山歌與村笛,嘔啞嘲哳難為聽。
Of course, there are rustic songs and village pipes,
But their shrill discordant notes grate on my ears;
今夜聞君琵琶語,如聽仙樂耳暫明。
Tonight listening to your lute playing
Was like hearing fairy music; it gladdened my ears.
莫辭更坐彈一曲,為君翻作琵琶行。
Dont refuse, but sit down and play another tune,
And Ill write a Song of the Lute Player for you.
感我此言良久立,卻坐促弦弦轉(zhuǎn)急。
Touched by my words, she stands there for some time,
Then goes back to her seat and played with quickened tempo
凄凄不似向前聲,滿座重聞皆掩泣。
Music sadder far than the first melody,
And at the sound not a man of us has dry eyes.
座中泣下誰最多?江州司馬青衫濕。
The assistant prefect of Jiangzhou is so moved
That his blue coat is wet with tears.
創(chuàng)作背景:
《琵琶行》(pí pa xíng)創(chuàng)作于元和十一年(公元816年),為七言古詩。白居易任諫官時,直言敢諫,同情民間疾苦,寫了大量的諷諭詩,觸怒了唐憲宗,得罪了權(quán)貴。元和十年,宰相武元衡被藩鎮(zhèn)李師道派人刺殺。白居易情急之中上書請捕刺客,觸犯了權(quán)貴的利益,被指責(zé)越職奏事,貶為江州刺史;又進(jìn)而誣陷他作《賞花》《新井》詩“甚傷名教”,再貶江州司馬。江州當(dāng)時被看成是“蠻瘴之地”,江州司馬雖然名義上是刺史的佐史,實(shí)際上是一種閑散職務(wù),這對白居易來說是一種莫大的嘲弄。他的被貶其實(shí)是一樁冤案,他連遭打擊,心境凄涼,滿懷郁憤。次年(既元和十一年)送客湓浦(pén pǔ)口,遇到琵琶女,創(chuàng)作出這首傳世名篇。
《琵琶行》作于唐憲宗元和十一年(公元816年)秋天,時白居易四十五歲,任江州司馬。白居易在元和十年以前先是任左拾遺,后又任左贊善大夫。元和十年六月,唐朝藩鎮(zhèn)勢力派刺客在長安街頭刺死了宰相武元衡,刺傷了御史中丞裴度,朝野大嘩。藩鎮(zhèn)勢力在朝中的代言人又進(jìn)一步提出要求罷免裴度,以安藩鎮(zhèn)的“反側(cè)”之心。這時白居易挺身而出,堅(jiān)決主張討賊,認(rèn)為否則國將不國。白居易這種主張本來是對的,但因?yàn)樗剿貙懼S喻詩得罪了許多朝廷的權(quán)貴,于是有人就說他官小位卑,擅越職分。再加上有人給他羅織罪名,于是貶之為江州司馬。江州的州治在今江西省九江市。司馬是刺史的助手,聽起來也像是不錯,但實(shí)際上在中唐時期這個職位是專門安置“犯罪”官員的,是變相發(fā)配到某地去接受監(jiān)督看管的。這件事對白居易影響很大,是他思想變化的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn),從此他早期的斗爭銳氣逐漸銷磨,消極情緒日漸增多。
《琵琶行》作于他貶官到江州的第二年,作品借著敘述琵琶女的高超演技和她的凄涼身世,抒發(fā)了作者個人政治上受打擊、遭貶斥的抑郁悲凄之情。在這里,詩人把一個琵琶女視為自己的風(fēng)塵知己,與她同病相憐,寫人寫己,哭己哭人,宦海的浮沉、生命的悲哀,全部融合為一體,因而使作品具有不同尋常的感染力。
詩前的小序介紹了長詩所述故事發(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)以及琵琶女其人,和作者寫作此詩的緣起,實(shí)際上它已經(jīng)簡單地概括了后面長詩的基本內(nèi)容。左遷:指降職、貶官。湓浦口:湓水與長江的匯口,在今九江市西。京都聲:首都長安的韻味,一方面指曲調(diào)的地域特征,一方面也是指演技高超,非一般地方所有。善才:唐代用以稱琵琶演奏家。命酒:派人整備酒宴。憫然,傷心的樣子。恬然:安樂的樣子。遷謫意:指被降職、被流放的悲哀。作者說他被貶到九江一年來,每天都很快樂,只有今天聽了琵琶女的演奏,才勾起了他被流放的悲哀。這種說法是寫文章的需要,讀者當(dāng)然不會相信他。
作者簡介:
白居易(772年-846年),字樂天,號香山居士,又號醉吟先生,祖籍太原,到其曾祖父時遷居下邽,生于河南新鄭。是唐代偉大的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義詩人,唐代三大詩人之一。白居易與元稹共同倡導(dǎo)新樂府運(yùn)動,世稱“元白”,與劉禹錫并稱“劉白”。白居易的詩歌題材廣泛,形式多樣,語言平易通俗,有“詩魔”和“詩王”之稱。官至翰林學(xué)士、左贊善大夫。公元846年,白居易在洛陽逝世,葬于香山。有《白氏長慶集》傳世,代表詩作有《長恨歌》、《賣炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
【注釋】:
〔1〕左遷:貶官,降職。
〔2〕明年:第二年。
。3)錚錚:形容金屬、玉器等相擊聲。
〔4〕京都聲:指唐代京城流行的樂曲。
〔5〕倡女:歌女。倡,古時歌舞藝人。
〔6〕善才:當(dāng)時對琵琶師或曲師的通稱。是“能手”的意思。
〔7〕委身:托身,這里指嫁的意思。
〔8〕為:做。
〔9〕賈(gǔ)人:商人。
〔10〕命酒:叫(手下人)擺酒。
〔11〕快:暢快。
〔12〕憫然:憂郁的樣子。
〔13〕漂淪:漂泊淪落。
〔14〕出官:(京官)外調(diào)。
〔15〕恬然:淡泊寧靜的樣子。
。16)遷謫:貶官降職或流放。
〔17〕為:創(chuàng)作。
〔18〕長句:指七言詩。
〔19〕歌:作歌。
〔20〕凡:總共。
〔21〕言:字。
〔22〕命:命名,題名。
〔23〕潯陽江:據(jù)考究,為流經(jīng)潯陽城中的湓水,即今九江市中的龍開河(97年被人工填埋),經(jīng)湓浦口注入長江。瑟瑟:形容楓樹、 蘆荻被秋風(fēng)吹動的聲音。
〔24〕瑟瑟:形容楓樹、蘆荻被秋風(fēng)吹動的聲音。
。25)主人:詩人自指。
〔26〕回?zé)簦褐匦聯(lián)芰翢艄狻;兀涸佟?/p>
〔27〕轉(zhuǎn)軸拔弦:將琵琶上纏繞絲弦的軸,以調(diào)音定調(diào)。
〔28〕掩抑:掩蔽,遏抑。
〔29〕思:悲,傷。
。30〕信手:隨手。
〔31〕續(xù)續(xù)彈:連續(xù)彈奏。
〔32〕攏:左手手指按弦向里(琵琶的中部)推。
〔33〕捻:揉弦的動作。
〔34〕抹:向左拔弦,也稱為“彈”。
〔35〕挑:反手回?fù)艿膭幼鳌?/p>
〔36〕《霓裳》:即《霓裳羽衣曲》,本為西域樂舞,唐開元年間西涼節(jié)度使楊敬述依曲創(chuàng)聲后流入中原。
〔37〕《六幺》:大曲名,又叫《樂世》《綠腰》《錄要》,為歌舞曲。
〔38〕大弦:指最粗的弦。
〔39〕嘈嘈:聲音沉重抑揚(yáng)。
〔40〕小弦:指最細(xì)的弦。
〔41〕切切:細(xì)促輕幽,急切細(xì)碎。
〔42〕間關(guān):鶯語流滑叫“間關(guān)”。鳥鳴聲。
〔43〕幽咽:遏塞不暢狀。
〔44〕冰下難:泉流冰下阻塞難通,形容樂聲由流暢變?yōu)槔錆?/p>
〔45〕凝絕:凝滯。
〔46〕迸:濺射。
〔47〕曲終:樂曲結(jié)束。
〔48〕拔:彈奏弦樂時所用的拔工具。
〔49〕當(dāng)心畫:用拔子在琵琶的中部劃過四弦,是一曲結(jié)束時經(jīng)常用到的右手手法。
〔50〕舫:船。
〔51〕斂容:收斂(深思時悲憤深怨的)面部表情。
〔52〕蝦(há)蟆陵:在長安城東南,曲江附近,是當(dāng)時有名的游樂地區(qū)。
〔53〕教坊:唐代官辦管領(lǐng)音樂雜技、教練歌舞的機(jī)關(guān)。
〔54〕秋娘:唐時歌舞妓常用的名字。
〔56〕五陵:在長安城外,漢代五個皇帝的陵墓。
〔57〕纏頭:用錦帛之類的財(cái)物送給歌舞妓女。
〔58〕綃:精細(xì)輕美的絲織品。
〔59〕鈿(diàn)頭銀篦(bì):此指鑲嵌著花鈿的篦形發(fā)飾。
〔60〕擊節(jié):打拍子。
〔61〕顏色故:容貌衰老。
〔62〕浮梁:古縣名,唐屬饒州。在今江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市,盛產(chǎn)茶葉。
〔63〕去來:走了以后。
〔64〕夢啼妝淚:夢中啼哭,勻過脂粉的臉上帶著淚痕。
〔65〕闌干:縱橫散亂的樣子。
〔66〕重:重新,重又之意。
〔67〕唧唧:嘆聲。
〔68〕嘔啞嘲哳:形容聲音噪雜。
〔69〕琵琶語:琵琶聲,琵琶所彈奏的樂曲。
〔70〕暫:突然。
〔71〕卻坐:退回到原處。
〔72〕促弦:把弦擰得更緊。
〔73〕向前聲:剛才奏過的單調(diào)。
〔74〕掩泣:掩面哭泣。
〔75〕青衫:唐朝八品、九品文官的服色。白居易當(dāng)時的官階是將侍郎,從九品,所以服青衫。
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