1.表示“在……期間”,是介詞,不要將其誤用作連詞。如:
他在巴黎期間,與他的朋友住在一起。
誤:During he was in Paris, he lived with his friends.
正:During his stay in Paris, he lived with his friends.
2.during和for均可表示一段時(shí)間,但兩者有差別。
(1)during通常表示事件發(fā)生在何時(shí)(when),而for則表示事件持續(xù)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間(how long)。
他在夏天住了6個(gè)星期的醫(yī)院。
He was in hospital for six weeks during the summer.
(2)兩者之后均可接由the whole引起的時(shí)間短語(yǔ),但通常不能接由all引起的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)。
他整個(gè)夏天都住在那兒。
正:He stayed there for [during] the whole summer.
誤:He stayed there for [during] all the summer.
(3)在“數(shù)詞+時(shí)間名詞”之前以及在some time, a long time之類(lèi)表示泛指一段時(shí)間的詞組之前,可用介詞 for,但不用 during。如:
He lived here for ten years (for some time).他在這兒住過(guò)10年(一段時(shí)間)。
2.during與in均可表示“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”,有時(shí)可互換。如:
I’ll be on holiday in [during] August.我將在8月度假。
He woke up three times in [during] the night.夜里他醒了3次。
但在使用時(shí)還有以下幾點(diǎn)要注意:
(1)比較而言,during更強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù),in只是指一般性的某一時(shí)間。因此若表示狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作,多用during,否則以用in為常見(jiàn)。如:
Many people suffered hardship during the war.許多人在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間受苦遭難。
He was injured in the war. 他在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間受了傷。
(2)在stay, visit, meal等表示行為要持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的名詞之前,只能用during而不能用in。如:
The phone rang during the meal. 吃飯時(shí)電話鈴響了。
I went to see my aunt during my stay in Beijing.在北京逗留期間,我去看了我的姑媽。
(3)與季節(jié)名詞連用,in表泛指,during表特指。如:
In summer we often camp in the forest.夏天我們常在森林里露營(yíng)。(泛指)
During the summer we camped in the forest.今年夏天我們?cè)谏掷锫稜I(yíng)。(特指)