has been doing一般用來表示現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)�，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)是“I/we/you/they have been doing sth.”、“he/she/it has been doing sth.”。表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。
1.表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。
(1)The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
(2)I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學(xué)英語。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
2.表示在說話時(shí)刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經(jīng)等你半個(gè)鐘頭了。(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會(huì)繼續(xù)等)
3.有些現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。
(1)They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市已經(jīng)住了10年了。
(2)I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經(jīng)工作五年了。
4.大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子不等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。
(1)I have been writing a book.(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)
我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。
(2)They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們?cè)炝艘蛔鶚颉?/p>
5.表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
(1)I have known him for years.
我認(rèn)識(shí)他已經(jīng)好幾年了。
I have been knowing...(沒有這種說法)
這類不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還有：love愛，like喜歡，hate討厭等。