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      2. 《孫權(quán)勸學(xué)》 學(xué)案設(shè)計(jì)(人教版七年級下冊)

        發(fā)布時間:2016-10-7 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機(jī)版

         學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):

        1、了解與課文相關(guān)的作品及人物                2、學(xué)會使用工具書理解文言詞語     (重點(diǎn))

        3、掌握疏通文言句意的方法       (難點(diǎn))     4、理解課文的內(nèi)容并有自己的感悟

        初,權(quán)謂呂蒙曰:“卿今當(dāng)涂掌

                           

                           

                           

        事,不可不學(xué)!”蒙辭以軍中多務(wù)。

                           

                           

                           

        權(quán)曰:“孤豈欲卿治經(jīng)為博士邪!但

                           

                           

                           

        當(dāng)涉獵,見往事耳。卿言多務(wù),孰若

                           

                           

                           

        孤?孤常讀書,自以為大有所益!

                           

                           

                           

        蒙乃始就學(xué)。及魯肅過尋陽,與蒙論

                           

                           

                           

        議,大驚曰:“卿今者才略,非復(fù)吳

                           

                           

                           

        下阿蒙!”蒙曰:“士別三日,即更

                           

                           

                           

        刮目相待,大兄何見事之晚乎!”肅

                           

                           

                           

        遂拜蒙母,結(jié)友而別。

                           

                           

                           

        第一課時

        自學(xué)提綱

        1、本文選自《           》,這是一部        體的史書,編撰者是       (朝代)的         。

        2、解釋下面句中加點(diǎn)的詞。

        權(quán)謂呂蒙(         )      卿(                   )      當(dāng)涂掌事(           )

        治經(jīng)(             )      博士(                 )      但當(dāng)涉獵(           )

        蒙辭(             )      以軍中多務(wù)(           )      但(          )當(dāng)涉獵  

        見(        )往事耳       見往事耳(             )      孰如孤(              )

        自以為(           )      及(        )魯肅過尋陽       及魯肅過尋陽(        )

        才略(             )      非復(fù)(                 )      即更(       )刮目相待  

        蒙乃(        )始就學(xué)     大兄(                 )      何見事之晚乎(        )

        3、找出句中的通假字,并解釋。

        孤豈欲卿治經(jīng)為博士邪! (                 )

        卿今當(dāng)涂掌事,不可不學(xué)。                 )

        4. 寫出下列詞語的古今意義。

        博士:古義_______________        今義__________________

        往事:古義_______________        今義__________________

        但:古義______________  _        今義__________________

        過:古義______________  _        今義__________________

        孤:古義______________  _        今義__________________

        5、古代文言文中的許多語句是成語的重要來源,請根據(jù)下面兩句話的意思,在本文中找出相應(yīng)的成語,并分別用成語造句。

        (1)比喻人學(xué)識尚淺。(            )

        造句_____________________________________________

        (2)另眼相看,用新眼光看人。(              )

        造句_____________________________________________ 

        6、自主翻譯課文

        學(xué)習(xí)筆記

                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                             

                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                             

                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

        第二課時

        自學(xué)提綱

        1、翻譯下列句子。

        ①孤豈欲卿治經(jīng)為博士邪!  _________________________________________________________             

        ②卿言多務(wù),孰若孤?_______________________________________________________________

        ③卿今者才略,非復(fù)吳下阿蒙! ______________________________________________________

        ④即更刮目相待。____________________________________________________________________

        ⑤大兄何見事之晚乎! _______________________________________________________________

        2、朗讀課文思考下列問題、

        ①呂蒙是怎樣從“吳下阿蒙”一變而為讓人“刮目相待”的?

         

         

        ②孫權(quán)又是怎樣勸學(xué)的?體會他的語氣、神態(tài)和心理。

        a卿今涂掌事,不可不學(xué)!”體現(xiàn)孫權(quán)怎樣的心理?

        b“孤豈欲卿治經(jīng)為博士邪!但……耳” 體現(xiàn)孫權(quán)怎樣的語氣何心理?

        c“卿言多務(wù),孰若孤?孤常讀書,自以為大有所益。”體現(xiàn)孫權(quán)怎樣的良苦用心?

        ③魯肅為什么會對呂蒙 “刮目相待”? 

        ④呂蒙學(xué)有所成,課文直接表現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)沒有?是怎樣表明的?

        ⑤為什么“士別三日,即更刮目相待。”?

        ⑥ “刮目相待”后,魯肅有何舉動?說明了什么?

        3、、概括本文情節(jié)。

        孫權(quán)勸學(xué)--呂蒙(       )學(xué)--魯肅(       )學(xué)

        學(xué)習(xí)筆記

                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                             

                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

        課后練習(xí)

        (一)

        1、閱讀文言文要注音字的讀音,請給下面的字注音。

           ①卿(      )    ②涉(       )    ③邪(        )

        ④孰(      )    ⑤遂(       )    ⑥豈(        )

        2、依據(jù)課文,解釋下列詞語的意思。 

        當(dāng)涂掌事:                涉獵:               才略:                大兄:  

        權(quán)謂呂蒙曰:              卿今當(dāng)涂掌事:         蒙辭以軍中多務(wù) :

        但當(dāng)涉獵:                蒙乃始就學(xué):           自以為大有所益:   

        及魯肅過尋陽:            與蒙論議:             肅遂拜蒙母:   

        結(jié)友而別:   

        3、朗讀文章要注意句子的語氣。讀讀下列句子,寫出句子中加點(diǎn)虛詞所表示的語氣。

        ①孤豈欲卿治經(jīng)為博士邪! 答:  

           ②但當(dāng)涉獵,見往事耳。 答:

           ③大兄何見事之晚乎! 答:  

        4、下列句子中,沒有人稱代詞的一組是( ) 

           A.卿今當(dāng)涂掌事       B.孤常讀書       C.蒙辭以軍中多務(wù)      D.自以為大有所益 

          

         5、按要求填空

        (1)《孫權(quán)勸學(xué)》選自《         》,《      》是     (朝代)          主持編纂的一部 通史,記載了從 到五代1362年間史事。 

        (2)文中“治經(jīng)”中的“經(jīng)”指《          》《詩》《          》《            》《春秋》等書。 

         6、古代文言文中的許多語句是成語的重要來源,請根據(jù)下面兩句話的意思,在本文中找出相應(yīng)的成語,并用成語寫一段文字。 

        (1)比喻人學(xué)識尚淺。(          ) 

        (2)另眼相看,用新眼光看人。(        ) 

         7、宋代詩人劉過曾寫過一首題為《書院》的“勸學(xué)詩”:

        力學(xué)如力耕,勤惰爾自知。

        但使書種多,會有歲稔時。

           這首詩運(yùn)用了         修辭格,表達(dá)的意思是:                 。而《孫權(quán)勸學(xué)》則以               為主,言簡意豐地表達(dá)了學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。 

        8、翻譯句子;

        ①卿今當(dāng)涂掌事,不可不學(xué)!

        ②孤豈欲卿治經(jīng)為博士邪!

        ③但當(dāng)涉獵,見往事耳。

        ④卿言多務(wù),孰若孤?

        ⑤結(jié)友而別。

        ⑥卿今者才略,非復(fù)吳下阿蒙!

        ⑦士別三日,即更刮目相待,大兄何見事之晚乎!

        9、本文告訴我們的道理是                                                                        

           給我們的啟示是                                                                               

        (二)

         初,權(quán)謂呂蒙曰:“卿今當(dāng)涂掌事,不可不學(xué)!”蒙辭以軍中多務(wù)。權(quán)曰:“孤豈欲卿治經(jīng)為博士邪!但當(dāng)涉獵,見往事耳。卿言多務(wù),孰若孤?孤常讀書,自以為大有所益!泵赡耸季蛯W(xué)。及魯肅過尋陽,與蒙論議,大驚曰:“卿今者才略,非復(fù)吳下阿蒙!”蒙曰:“士別三日,即更刮目相待,大兄何見事之晚乎!”肅遂拜蒙母,結(jié)友而別。

          1、下列各句中,加點(diǎn)詞語意義和用法相同的一項(xiàng)是( ) 

           A.①卿今當(dāng)涂掌事 ②但當(dāng)涉獵             B.①蒙辭以軍中多務(wù) ②自以為大有所益  

           C.①見往事耳 ②大兄何見事之晚乎  

           2、對“孤常讀書,自以為大有所益”的正確翻譯是:  

           3、請解釋文中“博士“一詞,并說明這類詞是什么語言現(xiàn)象?

           4、人物的語言往往體現(xiàn)人物的語氣和心理,請分析下列人物語言的作用。

        (1)卿今當(dāng)涂掌事,不可不學(xué)! 

          

           (2)卿言多務(wù),孰若孤  

          

        5、下列對文章內(nèi)容的分析,不正確的一項(xiàng)是(    ) 

         A.孫權(quán)勸學(xué),既指出了呂蒙學(xué)習(xí)的必要性,又使用了現(xiàn)身說法,指出“學(xué)”的可能性,從而使呂蒙無可推辭。  

         B.魯肅與呂蒙的對話,既從正面烘托出了孫權(quán)勸學(xué)的顯著成效,也進(jìn)一步告訴人們讀書,學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。 

         C.魯肅與呂蒙的對話,一唱一和,互相打趣,顯示了二人的真實(shí)性情與融洽關(guān)系。 

         D.魯肅與呂蒙“結(jié)友而去”,從側(cè)面表現(xiàn)了孫權(quán)勸學(xué)的結(jié)果以及呂蒙才略的驚人增長。 

          

         6、本文中出現(xiàn)了幾個至今仍在使用的成語,請找出兩個,并作出解釋:

        A、成語:                      解釋:                                                      

        B、成語:                      解釋:                                                       

        7、魯肅為何與呂蒙“結(jié)友“?

        8、本文與《傷仲永》一文都是談學(xué)習(xí)的重要性的,你從中得到了怎樣的啟示? 

           

        (三)

        魯肅過蒙屯下     魯肅代周瑜,當(dāng)之陸口,過蒙屯下。肅意尚輕蒙,或說肅曰:“呂將軍功名日顯,不可以故意待也,君宜顧之!彼焱劽。酒酣,蒙問肅曰:“君受重任,與關(guān)羽為鄰,將何計(jì)略以備不虞?”肅造次應(yīng)曰:“臨時施宜。”蒙曰:“今東西雖為一家,而關(guān)羽實(shí)熊虎也,計(jì)安可不豫定?”因?yàn)槊C畫五策。肅于是越席就之,拊其背曰:“呂子明,吾不知卿才略所及乃至于此也。”遂拜蒙母,結(jié)友而別。時蒙與成當(dāng)、宋定、徐顧屯次比近,三將死,子弟幼弱,權(quán)悉以兵并蒙。蒙固辭,陳啟顧等皆勤勞國事,子弟雖小,不可廢也。書三上,權(quán)乃聽。蒙于是又為擇師使輔導(dǎo)之其操心率如此。(《三國志呂蒙傳》節(jié)選)    

         1、解釋文中加點(diǎn)詞語的意思。     

        (1)過:                            (2)詣:          

        (3)就:                            (4)悉: 

         2、用“/”給下列句子斷句。  

           于 是 又 為 擇 師 使 輔 導(dǎo) 之 其 操 心 率 如 此 

        3、句子翻譯  

           (1)將何計(jì)略以備不虞?  

           譯文:                                                                        

           (2)吾不知卿才略所及乃至于此也。 

        譯文:                                                        

        4、魯肅為什么和呂蒙“結(jié)友”?  

                                                                                      

        5、聯(lián)系課文《孫權(quán)勸學(xué)》,談?wù)勀銓蚊傻目捶ā?nbsp; 

                                                                                  

        (四)對比閱讀

        炳燭①夜讀

            晉平公問于師曠曰:“吾年七十,欲學(xué),恐已暮矣。”師曠曰:“何不炳燭乎?”平公曰:“安有為人臣而戲其君乎?”師曠曰:“盲臣②安敢戲君乎?臣聞之:少而好學(xué),如日出之陽;壯而好學(xué),如日中之光;老而好學(xué),如炳燭之明。炳燭之明,孰與昧行③乎?”平公曰:“善哉!”

           【注釋】①炳燭:點(diǎn)燭。 ②盲臣:師曠為盲人,故自稱為盲臣。 ③昧行:在黑暗中行走。

        孫權(quán)勸學(xué)

            初,權(quán)謂呂蒙曰:“卿今當(dāng)涂掌事,不可不學(xué)!”蒙辭以軍中多務(wù)。權(quán)曰:“孤豈欲卿治經(jīng)為博士邪!但當(dāng)涉獵,見往事耳。卿言多務(wù),孰若孤?孤常讀書,自以為大有所益。”蒙乃始就學(xué)。及魯肅過尋陽,與蒙議論,大驚曰:“卿今者才略,非復(fù)吳下阿蒙!”蒙曰:“士別三日,即更刮目相待,大兄何見事之晚乎!”肅遂拜蒙母,結(jié)友而別。

         

        1、解釋下面句子中的加點(diǎn)詞。

        ⑴恐已暮矣_____                           ⑵盲臣安敢戲君乎______                    

        ⑶即更刮目相待______                      ⑷及魯肅過尋陽______                      

        2、用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下列句子。

        ⑴少而好學(xué),如日出之陽。   

        譯文:

        ⑵孤豈欲卿治經(jīng)為博士

        譯文:

        3、晉平公擔(dān)心學(xué)不好的理由是_________________________________,呂蒙不愿學(xué)的理由是_______________________________。(每處所填不超過5字)

        4、兩文都是談學(xué)習(xí)的,共涉及四個人,讀完后你得到什么啟發(fā)?

         

        肖華

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