I(y)Ժ@̌W(xu)}cՓ
ժҪ@̌W(xu)Ǯ(dng)ǰW(xu)ʮϲ۵\(yn)(dng)(xing)Ŀԓ(xing)\(yn)(dng)HW(xu)Ļ@\(yn)(dng)(qing)W(xu)w|(zh)B(yng)W(xu)(jin)(qing)Ʒ|(zh)M(jn)W(xu)ȫl(f)չǮ(dng)ǰI(y)Ժ@̌W(xu)F(xin)߀^д^Ć}ֱӰ˻@̌W(xu)|(zh)̽ӑI(y)Ժ@̌W(xu)еĆ}c߾Ҫx
P(gun)I~I(y)ԺУ@̌W(xu)}
@\(yn)(dng)еĊʘʹԓ(xing)\(yn)(dng)ܵVW(xu)ϲ@\(yn)(dng)M(jn)W(xu)ȫl(f)չҪ[1](dng)ǰ@\(yn)(dng)ѽ(jng)HHcٶϵĸиc˲Ÿɞ@\(yn)(dng)ĸҪI(y)Ժ@̌W(xu)(yng)B(yng)(yu)Ļ@˲ŷҪλáU˻@\(yn)(dng)I(y)ԺУ|(zh)еI(y)ԺУ@̌W(xu)ڵĆ}̽ӑ@̌W(xu)|(zh)ЧʩԴ˞M(jn)I(y)Ժ@İl(f)չ춨A(ch)
1.@\(yn)(dng)I(y)ԺУ|(zh)е
1.1(qing)W(xu)w|(zh)
@\(yn)(dng)ͨ^ͶSһЩֶɾCԵķԼw\(yn)(dng)@(g)^W(xu)ͨ^@\(yn)(dng)܉W(xu)ٵąf(xi){(dio)(yng)(qing)W(xu)w|(zh)[2]
1.2ߌW(xu)|(zh)
@\(yn)(dng)еĸc(din)܉ʹW(xu)_Ŀɹcʧͬr(sh)(qing)W(xu)ĿʹW(xu)õ
1.3(qing)W(xu)m(yng)
W(xu)ͨ^c@\(yn)(dng)(dng)ʹW(xu)ڏ(f)sHP(gun)ϵ呟HP(gun)ϵ̎W(xu)춨ûA(ch)
2.I(y)ԺУ@̌W(xu)еĆ}
2.1@̎Y
Č(sh)Hr(dng)ǰI(y)ԺУĎY^ֱӰ푻@̌W(xu)|(zh)@ҪI(y)ԺУwYͶ벻㌧(do)µI(y)Ժ@YTǽͻ@̌W(xu)|(zh)Ҫ}֮һ[3]҇^I(y)ԺУİl(f)չ^ҴW(xu)УϲеĽ̎ČI(y)ˮƽߣҴp̎ȱSĽ̌W(xu)(jng)(yn)@͌(do)I(y)ԺУĻ@YڲƽĬF(xin)ǽ҇(jng)(j)õѸٰl(f)չI(y)ԺУF(xin)@YTĆ}ֱӰ푻@̌W(xu)w|(zh)K(do)W(xu)Ļ@ˮƽoõ
2.2̌W(xu)ͽ̌W(xu)(ni)݂y(tng)
ܵy(tng)Ӱ̎ڻ@̌W(xu)ҪÂy(tng)Ľ̌W(xu)һ㶼W(xu)M(jn)л@(dng)Ӗ(xn)]нM@\(yn)(dng)(dng)c@ِʹÌW(xu)@n̵dȤu[4]ͬr(sh)̎ڽ̌W(xu)^^ڿؽ̌W(xu)΄(w)]ЏČW(xu)Č(sh)Hrl(f)W(xu)^̵ĕr(sh)g(ni)ɽ̌W(xu)΄(w)(do)W(xu)oĻ@ˮƽy(tng)Ľ̌W(xu)cһĽ̌W(xu)(ni)ʹW(xu)һֱ̎ڱ(dng)ČW(xu)(x)B(ti)ڽ̎ҕˌW(xu)֮gڂ(g)w(do)еČW(xu)y@?q)W(x)(ni)KӰˌW(xu)w呟Чc@ܵ̌W(xu)ڻ@̌W(xu)Ҫͨ^ɂ(g)չ_һǽ̎ʾnjW(xu)ģҕˌW(xu)ĺRF(tun)(du)B(yng)(do)W(xu)HHֻ˻@oW(xu)ĈF(tun)(du)RR@ߌW(xu)ľC|(zh)Ӱ
2.3̌W(xu)ģʽһ
I(y)Ժ@̌W(xu)һֱ\(yn)(dng)Ӗ(xn)Փw̌W(xu)W(xu)M(jn)л@P(gun)֪Rvc(dng)ʾ^ҕҕˌW(xu)@?q)?xing)Ӗ(xn)@Nr£mȻW(xu)Ļ@g(sh)õnjW(xu)Č@\(yn)(dng)(xing)ĿdȤuW(xu)̎ڷՇSĭh(hun)(do)W(xu)е⣬W(xu)ֻһζģ½̎ʾĻ@(dng)ʹÌW(xu)Ą(chung)B(yng)ܵӰͬr(sh)Ӱ푌W(xu)w呟Ч
2.4̎nr(sh)٣΄(w)
I(y)Ժ@̌W(xu)(do)w̌W(xu)ʮע،W(xu)ČI(y)ҕˌW(xu)wˣI(y)ԺУڻ@nİŲný̌W(xu)(ni)΄(w)^W(xu)Ҫһĕr(sh)g(ni)y_(d)̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)ֻ̎Ќ̌W(xu)΄(w)M(jn)Єhpչ_ʽĽ̌W(xu)K(do)½̌W(xu)|(zh)⣬W(xu)@ӵĭh(hun)oְl(f)]wλԴu͌W(xu)ČW(xu)(x)dȤ
3.I(y)Ժ@(yng)ȡĴʩ
3.1Ӵ@Ͷ
I(y)ԺУ(yng)J(rn)R@W(xu)ȫ|(zh)ҪӴ@Ͷȣ(yng)(dng)һЩI(y)Ļ@̎ƸõW(xu)УЗlr߀(yng)(dng)չ_@̎ČI(y)Ӗ(xn)ʹ̎ČI(y)ܵõ鱣C@̎|(zh)춨ûA(ch)[5]߀(yng)(dng)ӏ(qing)ԺУĻ@̌W(xu)O(sh)ʩO(sh)ӳĻ@\(yn)(dng)P(gun)O(sh)W(xu)ṩõČW(xu)(x)h(hun)W(xu)õĭh(hun)չ_@\(yn)(dng)õW(xu)Ļ@\(yn)(dng)ˮƽ
3.2ŠW(xu)(ni)
Į(dng)ǰI(y)ԺУČ(sh)Hr@ný̌W(xu)(ni)ݵĆһͻĆ}νQԓ}ѳɞ鮔(dng)ǰI(y)ԺУP(gun)עҪõķnjŠW(xu)(ni)@Ӳܼl(f)W(xu)ČW(xu)(x)dȤCÿһλW(xu)Ļ@g(sh)ˮƽõ_(d)W(xu)w|(zh)ߵ춨A(ch)[6]ͬr(sh)̎ڽ̌W(xu)Б(yng)ȡЧĽ̌W(xu)磬СM(x)СMʽw(sh)ʩ飺ȌW(xu)SC(j)֞˔(sh)ͬСMW(xu)M(jn)л@Α(dng)W(xu)ͨ^c@Α(dng)܉Чl(f)W(xu)@\(yn)(dng)dȤʹW(xu)eO(dng)c@̌W(xu)߀ܴM(jn)W(xu)֮gĻ(dng)_(d)W(xu)w|(zh)Ч̎ڽ̌W(xu)(yng)(dng)W(xu)đćLԇI(lng)@\(yn)(dng)ľҵmԼČW(xu)(x)
3.3(sh)F(xin)̌W(xu)ģʽĶӻ
ӻĽ̌W(xu)ģʽڼl(f)W(xu)@\(yn)(dng)dȤʹW(xu)eOčW(xu)(dng)Ό(sh)F(xin)@̌W(xu)ģʽĶӻɞI(y)ԺУоҪn}S҇Ϣg(sh)Ѹٰl(f)չýwڽ̌W(xu)nõõVđ(yng)ã伯lҕlһw(yu)܉W(xu)ֱ^˽@\(yn)(dng)ļɣõ.ջ@\(yn)(dng)ļˣ̎҃(ni)չ_ýw@̌W(xu)M(jn)W(xu)ČW(xu)(x)eOԣȡõĽ̌W(xu)Ч춨A(ch)
3.4Ҫ`
ڌW(xu)֮gڂ(g)wڿˌW(xu)@ˮƽĕr(sh)һy@Ҫ̎(j)W(xu)Č(sh)HrO(sh)`ĿwϵͶ@W(xu)(x)ڻ@A(ch)ˮƽcw|(zh)^õČW(xu)(yng)(dng)Ͷ@(dng)(yn)Ҫ(sh)ʩһЩw|(zh)^ČW(xu)ֻҪɻļg(sh)(dng)@(g)^̎(yng)(dng)ָW(xu)ĵط(qing)кܴM(jn)ČW(xu)(yng)(dng)oW(xu)Ą(l)@ӲʹW(xu)^܄(dng)ԵõʹW(xu)eO(dng)չ_@?q)W(x)ʹ@̌W(xu)|(zh)õ
3.5Ҏ(gu)@\(yn)(dng)Ӗ(xn)
̎ڻ@̌W(xu)У(yng)(dng)(j)W(xu)Č(sh)HrM(jn)л@\(yn)(dng)Ӗ(xn)(ni)ݵĺҎ(gu)ֻע،W(xu)һļӖ(xn)߀(yng)(dng)ָ(do)W(xu)\(yn)Ȼ@P(gun)ڻ@Ӗ(xn)^У̎߀(yng)(dng)?q)Wv@ِеҎ(gu)tcҪע(xing)Ͷ@(dng)M(jn)TcˆTļg(sh)[7]@\(yn)(dng)Tܵɔ_rͶôԓЧͶ@r(sh)gfLͶ@r(sh)gҲnjͶ@(dng)Ҏ(gu)ʹM(jn)@һҎ(gu)¿Գֿ]ļ(zhn)g(sh)(zhn)g(sh)fҪTõƽc̎(yng)(dng)(j)Ļ@չ_Ļ@Ӗ(xn)Դ˸õW(xu)@\(yn)(dng)ˮƽ
3.6@̌W(xu)
̎(yng)Ƃy(tng)Ļ@̌W(xu)ģʽ(yu)@̌W(xu)ģʽ̎ԌF(xin)̌W(xu)nW(xu)ܵ@\(yn)(dng)ȤζߌW(xu)ĸRcW\(yn)̎߀(yng)(dng)ڽMW(xu)չ_@ِW(xu)eOc@ِ(dng)ͨ^ِʹW(xu)Ļ@\(yn)(dng)Ҏ(gu)tc@쾚W(xu)\(yn)(dng)xl(f)P(yng)呟W(xu)ķ(yng)S˼SM(jn)W(xu)ȫl(f)չ춨A(ch)ڻ@ِ@ٵһ̎(yng)W(xu)Cl(f)(yng)Ī(jing)ƷcCԴ˴M(jn)W(xu)ČW(xu)(x)eO@̌W(xu)ע
3.7W(xu)IõĻ@?q)W(x)h(hun)עغ̌W(xu)
@̌W(xu)|(zh)̎(yng)(dng)W(xu)(chung)õĻ@?q)W(x)h(hun)I(y)ԺУ(yng)(dng)עغ̌W(xu)(chung)һ(g)ǢmCĽ̌W(xu)h(hun)W(xu)@(g)^иõչ_@?q)W(x)̎ڻ@̌W(xu)У(yng)(dng)W(xu)wλְl(f)](do)λͬr(sh)̎(yng)(dng)ƽȵđB(ti)cW(xu)õ֮gľx⣬@̎(yng)ĵָ(do)W(xu)֮̎W(xu)̎Ɇr(sh)(yng)ƽ(dng)ZشW(xu)}õĽQW(xu)ɆԴW(xu)@?q)W(x)Ч
3.8MܲöNW(xu)֪R
ڻ@̌W(xu)̎(yng)öNW(xu)W(xu)(x)֪RW(xu)ֻо߂SıcV韵Փ֪RʹcJ(rn)֪õW(xu)W(xu)֪RԽҲSʹW(xu)a(chn)뷨[8]ڻ@̌W(xu)УW(xu)ԼM(jn)л@ΑO(sh)Ӌ(j)@ΑO(sh)Ҏ(gu)t֮W(xu)һͬcΑ(dng)Уͨ^ΑącʹW(xu)@(g)^w@ĘȤl(f)W(xu)@n̵dȤ߀S@n̵Ľ̌W(xu)(ni)M(jn)@̌W(xu)|(zh)춨A(ch)
3.9ӏ(qing)W(xu)@\(yn)(dng)Ҏ(gu)t_J(rn)R
̎ڻ@̌W(xu)(yng)עؼӏ(qing)W(xu)@\(yn)(dng)Ҏ(gu)tJ(rn)RW(xu)J(rn)R@\(yn)(dng)x֪W(xu)@Ҏ(gu)tHǑ(yng)õِеķtҲһNƽľڻ@ِБ(yng)(dng)_t@\(yn)(dng)ʧȥwS@ِĴ@Ҏ(gu)tҲl(f)һЩ׃̎(yng)(dng)?q)Wv@ِҎ(gu)tԴW(xu)õչ_@?q)W(x)W(xu)Ļ@ܵ춨A(ch)
Y(ji)Z
֮˴M(jn)I(y)Ժ@İl(f)չ(yng)(dng)@̌W(xu)дڵĆ}̎(yng)ְl(f)]W(xu)wλԌW(xu)鱾ȡӻĽ̌W(xu)l(f)W(xu)@\(yn)(dng)dȤʹW(xu)eO(dng)c@̌W(xu)С̎߀(yng)(dng)ľC|(zh)(chung)½̌W(xu)ģʽע،W(xu)@w|(zh)γɌW(xu)Kw呟^Դ˞M(jn)W(xu)ȫl(f)չ춨A(ch)
īI(xin)
[1].(dng)ǰ҇ԺУ@̌W(xu)дڵĆ}̽[J].(dng)w,2017,7(16):75-76.
[2]t÷.(dng)ǰߵԺ@̌W(xu)F(xin)c߷[J].w(Ѯ),2014(01):114-115.
[3]O.Ժ@nM(jn)ЌW(xu)wԽ̌W(xu)ĸо[J].{,2017(36):177.
[4].Ժ@̌W(xu)еĆ}c̽[J].a(chn)I(y)cƼՓ,2015,14(05):202-203.
[5].oڻ@Ӗ(xn)еđ(yng)ìF(xin)l(f)չо[J].ߌW(xu),2015(15):25-27.
[6]܂A.Ľn(MOOC)ҕҰ¸ԺУ@w̌W(xu)n̸ĸо[J].I(y)(do)(bo),2016(09):136.
[7].ʡԺ@nY(du)F(xin)cо[J].IƼ,2016(10):231.
[8]Ⱥ.Ժ@̌W(xu)ԌW(xu)wо[J].Ƥ,2016,38(20):293.
I(y)ԺУ@̌W(xu)}cՓġP(gun)£
I(y)Ժ@̌W(xu)cՓ08-28
@̌W(xu)ڵĆ}Փ08-28
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л@̌W(xu)(sh)ЧоՓ07-25
P(gun)ڻ@̌W(xu)̽ĽՓ07-05
P(gun)ڻ@̌W(xu)ߵ̽Փ07-05
л@̌W(xu)(sh)Ч̽Փ07-25
л@̌W(xu)ӰؼՓ07-24