Unit 3 Understanding each other
教學(xué)目標(biāo)：
1.知識(shí)與技能 通過閱讀聊天室的對(duì)話，使學(xué)生體會(huì)不同國(guó)家的文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，理解課文。
學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法，培養(yǎng)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的綜合運(yùn)用能力。
2.學(xué)習(xí)策略 圍繞文化差異這一話題，對(duì)東西方文化進(jìn)行對(duì)比，了解和文化有關(guān)的詞匯、句式。
3.情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀 通過對(duì)不同文化的了解，增強(qiáng)我們的跨文化交際意識(shí)，從中獲得一定的生活體驗(yàn)。
Language Points: <<Welcome to the Unit>>
1. below:
(1) adv. at or to a lower level, position or place 在或向較低處
She looked down from the mountain to the valley below. 她從山上看下面的山谷.
(2) adv. under the surface 在地下
.The captain told the sailors to go below. 船長(zhǎng)吩咐海員們到下面去。
(3) prep. lower than; under 在…下;低于
Children below the age of 16 are not allowed to enter. 十六歲以下的孩子不允許進(jìn)去.
2. following:
(1) adj. next (to be mentioned) 隨后的.
The child was sick in the evening, but on the following day he seemed well again.
這個(gè)孩子晚上生病了,但第二天似乎又好了
(2) prep. after an event or as a result of 在…之后
Following the speech, there will be a few minutes for questions.
演講之后將會(huì)有幾分鐘的時(shí)間提問題.
3. touch: V. [T]
(1) be or come together with sth. else) so that there is no space between 接觸,觸及
One of the branches was touching the water. 其中的一根樹枝觸及水面.
(2) make (sb./sb’s feelings) sympathetic or sad 感動(dòng)(某人); 觸動(dòng)(某人的感情)
We were all deeply touched by his tragic experience. 我們都被他的悲劇性的經(jīng)歷深深地打動(dòng)了.
touch用作名詞的相關(guān)短語(yǔ):
get in touch with 與…取得聯(lián)系 keep in touch with 與…保持聯(lián)系
lose touch with 與…失去聯(lián)系 out of touch with 與…不聯(lián)系
<<Reading>>
I: Brainstorming
1. Do you have E-pals or relatives in foreign countries?
2. What do you know about their life?
3. Have you ever misunderstood all their behaviors?
4. How can you understand their culture better?
II. Read the passage carefully and fill the table.
People from different countries Different situations Different reactions
The American/ the British
About Thanks-giving
The American: talk much about Thanksgiving
the British: know nothing about it
The American/ the British
About presents
The American open it when receiving it while the British not
The British/the Italian
About the wedding
The guests give presents to the newly-weds in the UK while it is opposite in Italy
People from Brunei/ people in some other countries
Pointing to others People in Brunei point with their thumb while
others with their first finger
People from Brunei/the British
About the wedding
Men and women sit in different area in Brunei and with no alcohol in the wedding
III Language Points：
1.accumulate: V. [T or I] (1) gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of sth. 積累,聚集
e.g. By investing wisely she accumulates a fortune. 通過英明的投資,她積累了一筆財(cái)富.
(2)increase in number or quality 增加
Dust or dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.
如果房子不正常打掃,塵埃很快堆積.
2. topic: N.[C]
a subject which is discussed, written about or studied:
Our discussion ranged over various topics, such as acid rain and the hole in the ozone layer.
我們的討論范圍涉及各種各樣的話題, 如酸雨及臭氧層的洞.
注意比較: theme: N. [C]
the main subject of a talk, book, film, etc. or a short, simple tune on which a piece of music is based: 主題
The theme of loss runs through most of his novels. 失落的主題貫穿著他的小說的大部分.
title (NAME): N. [C]
the name of a film, book, painting, piece of music, etc: 題目
Evelyn Waugh‘s的第一部小說的題目是'Decline and Fall'.
The title of Evelyn Waugh's first novel was 'Decline and Fall'.
3. all the time: 一直
The letter I was searching for was in my pocket all the time. 我剛才在尋找的信一直在我的口袋里.
相關(guān)短語(yǔ):
at all times 隨時(shí); 永遠(yuǎn) at one time 一度; 從前at a time 每次; 依次 at the time 在那時(shí)
at times 有時(shí); 間或 behind time 遲, 晚ahead of time 提前 for the time being 暫且
ahead of time 提前 for the time being 暫且in time 及時(shí); 遲早,最后 once upon a time 從前
on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) take one’s time 慢慢來(lái)
4. get excited: (變得)興奮起來(lái)
He got excited when he heard the news. 當(dāng)他聽到這個(gè)消息的時(shí)候變得興奮起來(lái).
Note:（1）get+ p.p. 使自己處于某種狀態(tài)和情況；或表被動(dòng)意義。如：
get dressed 穿上 get married 結(jié)婚 get burnt 燒傷，曬黑了 get paid 得以付錢
get drunk 喝醉酒 get started 開始
（2）get + adj. 表示達(dá)到某種狀態(tài)或情況
get well/bored/hungry/worried/fat/fit/cold, etc.
高考鏈接
----Can the project be finished as planned?
----Sure,______ it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.
A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get Key: (B)
5. come to:
(1) to reach a particular point or state: 達(dá)到某種情況或狀態(tài)
His hair comes right down to his shoulders. 他的頭發(fā)剛好到他的肩.
The war had just come to an end (= ended). 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)剛剛結(jié)束.
(2) to be a particular total when numbers or amounts are added together: 共計(jì)為某數(shù)，等于某數(shù)
That comes to 25. 那總計(jì)25英鎊.
(3) If you come to a decision, arrangement etc., you make a decision or decide what to think about something: 達(dá)成；得到結(jié)果
We haven't come to a decision on the matter yet. 關(guān)于這件事,我們還沒有決定呢.
Have you come to any conclusions about the story yet? 關(guān)于這個(gè)故事你得出結(jié)論了嗎?
4) To become conscious again after an accident or operation: 蘇醒，復(fù)蘇
Has he come to yet ? 他醒過來(lái)了嗎？
(5) If a thought or idea comes to you, you suddenly remember or start to think about it:
I can't remember his name - it'll come to me in a minute.
我現(xiàn)在記不起他的名字，一會(huì)兒后我會(huì)想起來(lái)的.
高考鏈接
Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it ______ shopping and eating. (2006天津)
A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to Key. D
6. suppose: verb (1) [T] to think that something is likely to be true:
Do you suppose (that) Mary will marry him? 你認(rèn)為瑪麗會(huì)和他結(jié)婚嗎?
We all supposed him to be German, but in fact he was Swiss.
我們都認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)德國(guó)人,但實(shí)際上他是一個(gè)瑞士人.
Her new book is supposed to be
(= generally people think it is) very good. 她的新書被認(rèn)為很不錯(cuò).
He is supposed to be here before 5 o’clock. 他應(yīng)該五點(diǎn)前到這兒.
2) [+(that)] used in making polite requests:
I don’t supposed (that) you could / I suppose you couldn’t lend me $5 till tomorrow, could you?
Note: be supposed to 相當(dāng)于should
7. celebrate: verb [I or T] to take part in special enjoyable activities in order to show that a particular
occasion is important:
We always celebrate our wedding anniversary by going out to dinner.
我們總是出去吃飯來(lái)慶祝結(jié)婚周年紀(jì)念日.
celebration noun [C or U] a special social event, such as a party, when you celebrate something, or the act of celebrating something:
Such good news calls for (= deserves) a celebration!
注意比較: celebrate表“慶�！�，賓語(yǔ)是事，即后接sth. 其名詞構(gòu)成的詞組為：have/hold a celebration(舉行慶祝會(huì))in celebration of…（為了慶祝…）congratulate表“祝賀”其賓語(yǔ)是受到祝賀的人，可組成短語(yǔ)congratulate sb. on sth./doing… 名詞congratulation可構(gòu)成短語(yǔ) congratulations to sb. on sth./doing…
8. expect: verb [T] (1) to think or believe something will happen, or someone will arrive:
We are expecting a lot of applicants for the job. 我們正期待著很多的申請(qǐng)這份工作的人呢.
I expect (that) you'll find it somewhere in your bedroom. 我預(yù)計(jì)你會(huì)在臥室的某個(gè)地方找到它.
他沒有預(yù)料到會(huì)看見我. He didn't expect to see me.
(2) to think that someone should behave in a particular way or do a particular thing:
I expect punctuality from my students. 我期望我的學(xué)生準(zhǔn)時(shí).
Borrowers are expected to (= should) return books on time. 借書的人應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)時(shí)還書.
expected adjective [before noun] expectation noun
(1) [C usually plural] when you expect good things to happen in the future:
The holiday lived up to all our expectations (= was as good as we were expecting).
這個(gè)假期沒有辜負(fù)我們的期望.
We did so well - beyond all (= better than)our expectations.
我們干得如此出色-超出我們所有人的預(yù)料.
(2) [C or U] when you expect something to happen:
Our expectations are that the UK will cut its interest . 我們預(yù)計(jì)英國(guó)會(huì)降低利息.
高考鏈接
When he turned professional at the age of 11, Mike _____ to become a world champion by his coach and parents. (2006上海)
A. expected B. was expecting C. was expected D. would be expected
Key: C
9. clarify: verb [T] (1)to make something clear or easier to understand by giving more details or a simpler explanation: (使某事物)清楚易懂； 澄清
Could you clarify the first point please? I don't understand it completely.
你能把第一點(diǎn)解釋一下嗎? 我沒有完全地理解.
(2) to remove water and unwanted substances from fat, such as butter, by heating it
除去---的雜質(zhì)
clarification noun [C or U] clarified adjective
10. participate: verb [I] to take part in or become involved in an activity: 參加
She never participates in any of our discussions, does she? 她從來(lái)不參加我們的討論,是嗎?
participation noun [U] when you take part or become involved in something
participant noun [C] a person who takes part in or becomes involved in a particular activity
11. take off:
(1) to remove something, especially clothes:
He took off his clothes and got into the bath. 他脫掉衣服進(jìn)入浴缸.
(2) If an aircraft, bird or insect takes off, it leaves the ground and begins to fly: 起飛
The plane took off at 8.30 a.m. 飛機(jī)是上午8:30起飛的.
(3) to suddenly start to be successful or popular: （指觀念、產(chǎn)品等）突然大受歡迎，急升
Her singing career had just begun to take off. 她的唱歌事業(yè)剛剛開始騰飛。
take短語(yǔ)歸納:
take away 除掉, 帶走 take back 收回 take down 取下, 拆除, 記下
take in 吸取, 理解, 欺騙 take on 呈現(xiàn), 接納 take over 接管, 管理
take up 舉起, 拿起 占據(jù), 從事 take out 取出
13. …….,it’s time for me to log off,…..(P35) 我要下線了。
log in/on phrasal verb to connect a computer to a computer system by typing your name, so that you can start working: 注冊(cè)，登記
Log on using your name and password. 用你的名字和密碼登錄.
log off/out phrasal verb to stop a computer being connected to a computer system, usually when you want to stop working: 下線，退出，注銷
IV Useful Phrases:
1. an Internet chat room conversation 一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天室談話
2.. show…..around 向……. 展示
3.talk about different cultures, traditions and taboos 談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)不同的文化、傳統(tǒng)和禁忌的內(nèi)容
4. write a letter of apology 寫一封道謙信
5.come from 來(lái)自
6.do one’s homework on cultural differences 完成一個(gè)有關(guān)文化差異方面的家庭作業(yè)
7.go online to chat to others 上網(wǎng)與他人談?wù)?/p>
8.experience cultural differences 體驗(yàn)文化差異
9. all the time 總是
10. native English teachers
11.have unbelievable differences in sth. 在某方面有著令人難以置信的差異
12.get excited 感到興奮
13. come to this topic 談到這個(gè)話題
14. do with 處理，對(duì)付，與----有關(guān)
15.at the end-of-term ceremony 在期末典禮上
16.be different from 與----不同
17.be expected to do sth. 應(yīng)該做某事
18.remember the big day 記住這個(gè)重要的日子
19.have a huge banquet 大辦筵席
20.participate in 參加 21.adjust to doing sth. 適應(yīng)做某事
22.take off 脫掉 23.log off 下線
24. appropriate behaviour 恰當(dāng)?shù)男袨榉绞?25.after all 畢竟
Unit 3 Grammar and usage
Unreal conditionals 虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的非真實(shí)條件句
一、語(yǔ)氣的定義和種類
l、語(yǔ)氣：語(yǔ)氣是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，它表示說話人對(duì)某一行為或事情的看法和態(tài)度。
2、語(yǔ)氣的種類：
(1)陳述語(yǔ)氣: 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實(shí)的、確定的或符合事實(shí)的，用于陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。如：We are not ready. 我們沒準(zhǔn)備好。What a fine day it is!多好的天氣啊!
(2)祈使語(yǔ)氣: 表示說話人的建議、請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令等。如: Open the door, please。請(qǐng)打開門。
(3)虛擬語(yǔ)氣: 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測(cè)等。如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就學(xué)英語(yǔ)了。May you succeed! 祝您成功！
二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件從句中的用法
條件句有兩類，一類是真實(shí)條件句，一類是虛擬條件句。如果假設(shè)的情況是有可能發(fā)生的，就是真實(shí)條件何。在這種真實(shí)條件句中的謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我們就去公園。
如果假設(shè)的情況是過去或現(xiàn)在都不存在的，或?qū)?lái)不大可能發(fā)生的，則是虛擬條件句。如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天見到你，他會(huì)問你這件事的。(事實(shí)上他昨天沒見到你，因此也未能問你這件事。)
在含有虛擬條件句的復(fù)合句中，主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)都要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣�，F(xiàn)將虛擬條件從句和主句的動(dòng)詞形式列表如下:
從 句 主 句
與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 動(dòng)詞的過去式（be的過去式一般用were） would/ should/ could/ might + 動(dòng)詞原形
與過去事實(shí)相反 had + 過去分詞 would/ should/ could/ might + have + 過去分詞
與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 動(dòng)詞過去式，should + 動(dòng)詞原形，were to + 動(dòng)詞原形 would/ should/ could/ might + 動(dòng)詞原形
注: 主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中，should常被would代替；從句中的should 可用于各種人稱。
l、表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果。如: If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在這兒 ，一切都沒問題了。
2、表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果。如: If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't (couldn’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你按照我的建議去做，你一定不會(huì)(不可能)考試不及格。
3、表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果。如: If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should (would，could，might) go to see my grandmother. 如果明天是星期天，我就 (可能)去看望我奶 奶。If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。
4、有時(shí)條件從句中的動(dòng)作和主句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致（表示錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬語(yǔ)氣），這時(shí)動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。例如: If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你當(dāng)初聽了醫(yī)生的話，身體現(xiàn)在就好了。(從句動(dòng)作指過去，主句動(dòng)作指現(xiàn)在)
5、虛擬條件句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成下列形式:
(l)省略連詞if。在書面語(yǔ)中，如果虛擬條件從句中有were，had 或 should，可以把if省略，把這幾個(gè)詞放到主語(yǔ)之前，構(gòu)成主謂倒裝。例如: Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. 他要是來(lái)了，讓他給我打個(gè)電話。Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. 我要是你，就不做這事。
(2)用介詞短語(yǔ)代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句。有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不用條件從句表示出來(lái)，而是通過介詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。如: Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things. 如果沒有空氣的話，就不會(huì)有生物了。But for your help (If it hadn’t been for your help) I couldn’t have done it. 要是沒有你的幫助，我就不可能完成這件事。
假設(shè)的情況有時(shí)可以通過上下文或其他方式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。如: I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) 我那天很忙，否則，我就和他們一起去那兒了。(如果我那天不忙的話，我就……)；I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. (If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.) 我本來(lái)該完成這項(xiàng)工作的，但我生病了。(如果我沒生病的話，我就會(huì)完成……)
6、省去條件從句或主句：表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主句或從句有時(shí)可以省略，但其含義仍可以推知。
(1)省去條件從句。如: You could have washed your clothes yourself. 你本可以自已洗衣服的。省去了"If you had wanted to")(事實(shí)是:你自己沒洗衣服，因?yàn)槟悴幌胂础?
(2)省去主句(常用以表示愿望)。如: If my grandmother were with me! 如果我的祖母與我在一起多好啊!(事實(shí)是:祖母已不在世。)；If only she had not left! 如果她沒走就好了!(事實(shí)是:她已經(jīng)走了。)
三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他用法
l、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中的用法：在"It is important (strange，natural，necessary)that…"這類句型里，that所引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用 “should十動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示某事是"重要"、"奇怪"、"自然"、"必要"等意義。如: It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules. 重要的是每個(gè)成員知道這些規(guī)則。
2、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中用法：
(1)在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，表示與現(xiàn)在或過去的事實(shí)相反，或?qū)?lái)的主觀愿望，從句通常省略連詞that。1)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞用過去式或過去進(jìn)行式(be動(dòng)詞一般用were)。如: I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道這個(gè)問題的答案。(可惜不知道)；2）表示對(duì)過去情況的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞常用"had十過去分詞"。如: I wish (wished) I hadn’t spent so much money. 我后悔不該花那么多錢。(實(shí)際上已經(jīng)花掉)；3)表示對(duì)將來(lái)的主觀愿望:謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為"would十動(dòng)詞原形"。此時(shí)要注意，主句的主語(yǔ)與從句的主語(yǔ)不能相同，因?yàn)橹骶涞闹髡Z(yǔ)所期望的從句動(dòng)作能否實(shí)現(xiàn)，取決于從句主語(yǔ)的態(tài)度或意愿(非動(dòng)物名詞除外)。如: I wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停止；I wish you would come soon. 但愿你立刻來(lái)。
(2) 在動(dòng)詞一個(gè)堅(jiān)持（insist）；兩個(gè)命令（order，demand）;三個(gè)建議(advise, suggest, propose);四項(xiàng)要求（demand, require, request, ask）,等后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”.例如:
We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.
We insisted that they (should) go with us.
The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.
He demanded that we (should) start right away.
注意:insist作“力言”, “強(qiáng)調(diào)”解時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,只有當(dāng)insist作 “堅(jiān)持(認(rèn)為)”, “堅(jiān)持(應(yīng)該)”解時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句才用虛擬語(yǔ)氣.例如:
Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
3、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法
(1)在帶有even if/ even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，主句和從句都用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，動(dòng)詞形式與含有非真實(shí)條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣相同。如: Even if he had been ill, he would have gone t his office. 即使生了病，他倆去辦公室。
(2)由as if或as though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句表示比較或方式時(shí)。從句謂語(yǔ)形式為動(dòng)詞的過去式(be用were)或 “had十過去分詞”。如: He treated me as if I were a stranger. 他那樣對(duì)待我，好像我是陌
生人似的。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 她談?wù)撃遣坑捌秃孟袼_實(shí)看過一樣。
注:如果表示的事情可能會(huì)發(fā)生，那么方式狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。
(3)在in order that或so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用 “could或might（有時(shí)也用should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”。如: Mr green spoke slowly so that his students could (might) hear clearly. 格林先生說得很慢，好讓學(xué)生聽清楚。
4、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法：在"It is time (that) …"句型中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示將來(lái)，動(dòng)詞形式一般用過去式，意思是"該干某事的時(shí)候了"。如: It’s (high) time we did our homework. 我們?cè)撟鲎鳂I(yè)了。
5、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在簡(jiǎn)單句中的用法
(1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，表示說話人的謙虛、客氣、有禮貌，或委婉的語(yǔ)氣，常見于日常會(huì)話中。如: It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好別太晚睡覺。
(2)在一些習(xí)慣表達(dá)中。如: I would rather not tell you. 我寧愿不告訴你。
(3)用“may + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示"祝愿"、"但愿”，此時(shí)may須置于句首（多用于正式文體中）。如：May you be happy!祝你快樂！May good luck be yours.祝你順利。
練習(xí)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣
1. If I ____ where he lived, I ____ a note to him.
A. knew, would B. had known, would have sent
C. know, would send D. knew, would have sent
2. If they ____ earlier than expected, they ____ here now.
A. had started, would be B. started, might be
C. had started, would have been D. will start, might have been
3. I didn’t know his telephone number. ____ it, I ____ then.
A. Had I known, would ring him up B. Should I know, would have rung him up
C. If I knew; would ring him up D. Had I known; would have rung him up
4. Mary is ill today. If she _____ , she ____ absent from school.
A. were not ill; wouldn' t be B. had been ill; wouldn't have been
C. had been ill; should have been D. hadn't been ill; could be
5. Were I to do it, I ________ it some other way.
A. will do B. would do C. would have done D. were to do
6. I ________ him the answer ________ possible, but I was so busy then.
A. could tell; if it had been B. must have told; were it
C. should have told; had it been D. should have told; should it be
7. Without your help, we________ so much.
A. won ' t achieve B. didn ' t achieve
C. don't achieve D. wouldn't have achieved
8. You didn't take his advice. ________ his advice, you ________ such a mistake.
A. Had you taken; wouldn't have made B. If you had taken; would make
C. Were you lo take; shouldn t have made D. Have you taken; won t have made
9. We wish we ____ what you did when we were at high school.
A. did B. could have done C. have done D. should do
10. She wishes she ____ to the theatre last night.
A. went B. would go C. had gone D. were going
11. Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he ________ be tall when he grows up.
A. could B. should C. would D. were able to
12. My sister advised me that I ________ accept the invitation.
A. could B. must C. should D. might
13. He asks that he ________ an opportunity to explain why he’s refused to go there.
A. is given B. must give C. should give D. be given
14. Do you think of Wang Fang's suggestion that he ________ Mr. Li to the party?
A. will invite B. have invited C. is invited D. invite
15. I insisted that he ________ at once.
A. be gone B. go C. would go D. might go
16. Li Ming insisted that he ________ anything at all.
A. hadn ' t stolen B. shouldn ' t steal C. doesn ' t steal D. steal
17. It is quite natural that my coming late again ________ them very angry.
A. had made B. would make C. makes D. make
18. He acted as if he ________ everything in the world.
A. knew B. knows C. has known D. won't know
19. Read it aloud so that I ________ you clearly.
A. may hear B. will hear C. hear D. have heard
20. They got up early in order that they ________ they first train.
A. caught B. will catch C. might catch D. shall catch
21. I am sorry that he ________ in such poor health.
A. are B. shall be C. were D. should be
22. That is a good book. You ________ it yesterday.
A. could buy B. should buy C. should have bought D. bought
23. It is high time we ________ home.
A. will go B. would go C. have gone D. went
24. I ' d rather that you ________ home.
A. went B. have gone C. will go D. had gone
25. If only I _________ to the lecture!
A. listen B. will listen C. am listening D. had listened
26. ---- If he_____ , he ______ that food.
---- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
27.I didn' t see your sister at the meeting. If she _________, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
28. Without electricity, human life ________ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
29. He ________ you more help, even though he was very busy.
A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give
30. If city noises _______ from increasing, people _______ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to
C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to
31. Mike's father, as well as his mother, insisted that he ________ home.
A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay
32. Mr. Smith insisted that he ________ the work all.
A. had done B. have done C. did D. so
33. Jane would never have gone to the party ________ that Mary would come to see her.
A. has she known B. had she known C'. if she know D. if she has known
34. If you had enough money, what ________ ?
A. will you buy B. would you buy
C. would you have bought D. will you have bought
35. If you ________ that film late last night, you wouldn't be so sleepy.
A. didn't see B. haven't seen C. wouldn’t have seen D. hadn’t seen
36. Our monitor requested that ________.
A. all the class studied more carefully the problem
B. the problem was more carefully studied
C. with great care the problem could be studied
D. all the class study the problem more carefully
37. ---- Would you have called her up had it been possible?
---- Yes, but I ________. busy doing my homework..
A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
38. His tired face suggested that he ________ really tired after the long walk.
A. had been B. was C. be D. should be
39. It is important that we ________.
A. shall close the window before we leave B. will close the window before we leave
C. must close the window before we leave D. close the window before we leave
40. I didn't know his telephone number, otherwise I ______ him.
A. had telephoned B. would telephone
C. would have telephoned D. telephone
Keys: 1~5 BADAB 6~10 CDABC 11~15 CCDDB 16~20 ADAAC
21~25 DCDAD 26~30 BDDAA 31~35 DABBD 36~40 DABDC
II. Translation:
1. 如果你聽了醫(yī)生的話，你早就恢復(fù)健康了。
If you had listened to the doctor, you would have already recovered.
2．如果沒有虛擬語(yǔ)氣，英語(yǔ)將容易多了。
If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier.
3．如果她更加努力的話，她就成功了。
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
4．萬(wàn)一他不來(lái)，你將代替他。
Should he not come, you would take his place.
5． 如果我是你，我將不回這個(gè)電話。
If I were you, I wouldn't return the call.
6. 如果我的女兒不忙的話， 她將會(huì)來(lái)幫助你。
Were my daughter not so busy , she would come to help you .
Unit 3 Project Making a reference book
I: Survey
(1) How many ethnic groups do we have in China?
(2) Do you know any different cultures and customs between these groups?
(3) What about the ethnic groups in other countries in the world?
(4) If you are to do some research on the cultures, traditions, customs and way of life of different minorities, which minority group will you focus on?
(5) Do you know where you can find the information you need?
II: Reading
Scan and skim the four tours to find out in which countries these ethnic groups live. Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the USA
III: Analysis Read the travel brochure and finish the table below:
Ethnic group In which country What to eat Where to live Specific events
Inuit Canada animals, birds and fish igloos or tents have large summer gathering
Aborigines Australia food from the bush like lizards and snakes have Aboriginal ceremonies, play the didgeridoos and use boomerangs
Maoris New Zealand fish and sweet potatoes wooden houses do a dance called the Haka, cook in underground ovens and go night fishing
American Indians the USA Buffaloes roasted over an open fire teepees wear buffalo skin clothes and feather headdresses, do the Sun Dance and hold a bow and arrow competition
IV: Language points
1. gather: 1) verb [T] to collect or obtain several things, often from different places or people
I went to several libraries to gather information about the scheme.
我去了幾家圖書館搜集關(guān)于這個(gè)計(jì)劃的信息。
2) verb [I] When people or animals gather, they come together in a group:
A crowd had gathered to hear her speak. 人群聚集到一起聽她演講。
gathering noun [C]
There will be a gathering of world leaders in Vienna next month.
下個(gè)月世界領(lǐng)袖將在維也納集中.
gather (up) strength/courage: to prepare to make a great effort to be strong or brave:
I spent a week gathering the courage to say no. 我花了一個(gè)星期才鼓氣起勇氣說不。
2. feast: noun (1)[C] a special meal with very good food or a large meal for many people
a wedding feast 婚宴
(2) [S] a very enjoyable experience for the senses, especially a visual or musical experience:
His food is a feast for the eyes as well as the palate. 他做的事物既好吃有好看。
3. swap: verb [I or T] to give something and be given something else instead; to exchange:
We swapped addresses with the people we met on holiday.
我們和度假碰到的人們互換地址。
I'll swap you my chocolate bar for your peanuts. 我將用巧克力和你換花生。
4. take part in: to be involved in an activity with other people:
She doesn't usually take part in any of the class activities. 她通常不參加班級(jí)活動(dòng)。
比較take part in, join in, join與attend:
take part in 指參加有組織的，嚴(yán)肅，重大的活動(dòng)。
join in 指參加正在進(jìn)行著的活動(dòng)或游戲等，有時(shí)可與take part in換用。
Join指參加團(tuán)體或組織，成為其中的一個(gè)成員，也可用于join sb.（與某人一起）。
attend 相當(dāng)于be present at意為“出席，參加”
It's a great club. Why don't you join? 這是個(gè)很棒的俱樂部，你為什么不加入呢？
We only need one more player for this game - can you persuade your sister to join in?
這場(chǎng)比賽我們還需要一個(gè)隊(duì)員， 你為什么不勸你姐姐參加呢？
We hope that everyone will attend the meeting. 我們希望每個(gè)人都將參加這個(gè)會(huì)議。
5. account: noun [C] a written or spoken description of an event:
He kept a detailed account of the suspect's movements.
他對(duì)這個(gè)疑犯的新動(dòng)做了詳細(xì)的描述。
on account of sth ; because of something:
He doesn't drink alcohol on account of his health. 由于健康的緣故，他不喝酒。
on your account
I'm not very hungry so please don't cook on my account.
我不是很餓，因此請(qǐng)不要因?yàn)槲叶鵁垺?/p>
on no account
Employees must on no account make personal telephone calls from the office.
雇員們決不允許在辦公室打私人電話。
6. power: 1) noun [U] ability to control people and events:
I've no power over him - he does what he wants to.
我對(duì)他沒有控制權(quán)--他做他想做的事。
2) the amount of political control a person or group has in a country:
How long has the Conservative Party been in power? 保守黨當(dāng)權(quán)多久了？
3) noun [U] a natural skill or an ability to do something:
The surgeon did everything in her power to save him.
這個(gè)外科醫(yī)生做了他所能做的一切來(lái)拯救他。
4) noun [U] strength:
The economic power of many Asian countries has grown dramatically in recent years.
許多亞洲國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)力量最近幾年得到了戲劇性的增長(zhǎng)。
powerful adjective having a lot of power:
The President is more powerful than the Prime Minister. 這個(gè)總統(tǒng)比首相權(quán)力大。
powerless adjective having no power:
The villagers are powerless against the armed invaders. 這些村民門無(wú)力反抗武裝入侵者。
V: Useful phrases
Word Power
1.borrow from 向。。。借 2. a number of 許多
3.be connected with 與。。。。有聯(lián)系 4. be linked to 與。。。有關(guān)
5. at weddings in the West 在西方的婚禮上 6. as strong as a horse 非常強(qiáng)壯
7.as busy as a bee 忙忙碌碌 8.as poor as a church mouse 非常窮
9.as cool as a cucumber 非常冷靜、沉著 10.to sleep like a log 酣睡
Project
1.different ways of life 不同的生活方式 2. Ethnic Experience Tours 民族風(fēng)情體驗(yàn)之旅
3.different minority cultures 不同的少數(shù)民族文化 4. experience for oneself 親身體驗(yàn)
5.have the chance/opportunity to do sth. 有機(jī)會(huì)做某事
6. move around to gather food 四處活動(dòng)以采集食物7. swap stories 相互講故事 8. believe in 信任 9.go on for hours 持續(xù)好幾小時(shí) 10.hunt for 狩獵，獵取
11.on this trip 在這次旅行中 12.be home to 是。。。的家園
13.It is believed that 據(jù)信 14.rich in 富有。。。。
15.wrap in 用。。。包扎 16.food cooked in underground ovens 用地鍋?zhàn)龀傻氖澄?/p>
17.go night fishing 晚上捕魚 18.belong to 屬于
19.have power over sth. 對(duì)。。。擁有控制權(quán) 20.roast over an open fire 在戶外燒烤