教學(xué)目標(biāo)
一、Teaching Aims
本單元為復(fù)習(xí)課，重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)1至5單元出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象和日常交際用語(yǔ)。同時(shí)通過(guò)對(duì)話課的學(xué)習(xí)與操練，進(jìn)一步熟悉有關(guān)打電話的用語(yǔ)，通過(guò)對(duì)兩篇文章的學(xué)習(xí)，了解一些有關(guān)集郵，集硬幣方面的知識(shí)，學(xué)生能夠?qū)τ矌诺臍v史，發(fā)展和收藏進(jìn)行介紹。
二、Teaching important and difficult points
1.Words and phrases
shape, ring, collection, bank, material, hide, (hid, hidden), envelope, cheaply, cock, shame coin, silver, penny, (pi. pence) , mine, possibly, whenever, whatever, afford, hand out, here and there, look round, sooner or later, pick up, packs of, kind of…, at the beginning, be mixed with
2.Daily expressions
Hello. Can I speak to Zhou Lan, please?
This is Zhou Lan speaking.
But I’ve only just got home.
I would like to ask you about some stamps.
What a pity! What a shame!
I’ll ring you if I have any news.
It’s a pity I didn’t think of it earlier.
3.Grammar
Revise grammar from unit one to unit five.
教學(xué)建議
對(duì)話課建議：
在Lesson 21 有關(guān)打電話的對(duì)話練習(xí)，教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生以口頭練習(xí)為主，讓學(xué)生在對(duì)話交際功能學(xué)會(huì)打電話的用語(yǔ)。教師可設(shè)置情景對(duì)話讓學(xué)生們進(jìn)行操練，比如說(shuō)：教師讓兩個(gè)學(xué)生們到前表演，話題為談?wù)摻栌⒄Z(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)雜志或其它使用學(xué)生們感興的題目，教師給學(xué)生在黑板上寫一些電話用語(yǔ)的日常用語(yǔ)如：Can/May I speak …..? This is ….speaking? Is that..? so on教師在這里只充當(dāng)配角。
課文建議
教師在Lesson22中，讓學(xué)生分小組學(xué)習(xí)本文章，復(fù)述課文,分小組討論集郵的好處。教師與學(xué)生們共同參與完成本課的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容。教師盡力給學(xué)生們多提供有關(guān)本課內(nèi)容的信息和圖片。
聽力建議
1．首先，教師對(duì)學(xué)生講今天要學(xué)習(xí)的是收集硬幣的知識(shí)，教師介紹在這段對(duì)話中共有五個(gè)人，他們都有不尋常的硬幣。
2．教師讓學(xué)生們閱讀每一個(gè)練習(xí)的問(wèn)題，弄清楚學(xué)生們?cè)诼牭倪^(guò)程中應(yīng)抓住哪些重點(diǎn)，然后教師在播放磁帶，以泛聽和精聽為過(guò)程，最后教師檢查學(xué)生做練習(xí)的情況。
教材分析
本單元是一個(gè)復(fù)習(xí)課，本文的對(duì)話是以打電話為主，練習(xí)打電話用語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)句比較簡(jiǎn)單，兩篇閱讀課是有關(guān)于收集硬幣集郵的介紹，文中用一些數(shù)字表明硬幣的發(fā)展過(guò)程，同時(shí)也學(xué)習(xí)提供一些集郵的建議，在23課中語(yǔ)法主要是復(fù)習(xí)1至5單元所學(xué)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)及詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換。
重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)
辨析：pack與parcel，packet
這三個(gè)詞都指包。
pack多指較小的包，與package可以互換；學(xué)生用的背包可用pack，如：
The soldier carried a pack on his back. 這個(gè)軍人背上背著一個(gè)小包。
packet也指較小的包，多指同類東西的“一束”，“一盒”等，如：
a packet of letters（一捆信），packet（pack）of cigarettes（一包香煙）
parcel多指“郵包”。
shape，form，figure的區(qū)別
shape著重指人或物的比較具體的整個(gè)外形，不太正式。
We saw a shape through the mist but we couldn’t see who it was.我們從霧中看見一個(gè)人影，但我們看不清那是誰(shuí)。
form指有具體結(jié)構(gòu)和看得見的某種特殊形狀或是抽象的形式
In the early morning light we could just see the forms of the mountains.在晨曦中，我們僅能看到群山的輪廓。
figure指物時(shí)，側(cè)重指輪廓；指人時(shí)，著重指姿態(tài)。
I could see a tall figure near the door. 我可以看見門附近有一個(gè)高大的身影。
possible, probable的區(qū)別
這兩個(gè)詞的反義詞是impossible, improbable
1）possible作“或許”解，有“也許如此，也許不如此”之意。強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上有可能性，但常常帶有“實(shí)際可能性很小”的暗示。
2）probable用來(lái)指有根據(jù)，合情理，值得相信的事物，帶有“大概，很可能”的意味。語(yǔ)氣比possible要重，是most likely之意。
It’s possible, though not probable. That he will accept the terms.他也可能接受這些條件，但希望不大。
(2) be possible, be probable常用形式主語(yǔ)it，構(gòu)成句型為：
It is possible/probable + that …（從句）
It is possible /probable+ for sb. to do sth. 例如：
他有可能做這件事。
[√] It is possible for him to do this.
[√] It is possible that he will do this.
[×] He is possible to do this.
particular, especial或special區(qū)別
三者均有“特別的”之意，
但particular指同類事物中具有獨(dú)特性質(zhì)的一個(gè)
especial和special相同，強(qiáng)調(diào)某種特殊的目的或用途，但especial為書面語(yǔ)，口語(yǔ)中多用special。
There was a particular expression in his eyes. 他眼睛中有一種特別的神情。
The patient needs special/ especial care. 病人需要特殊的照料。
Coins can be made of many different kinds of metal mixed together.
mixed together(=…which are mixed together)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)省略的定語(yǔ)從句。
He is reading the short stories written by Lu Xun. ( =He is reading the shorts stories which were written by Lu Xun. )
Please give me letters received yesterday. (=…the letters which were received yesterday. )
如果這個(gè)分詞是一個(gè)單詞，就位于修飾的名詞之前，作定語(yǔ)。
She is our respected teacher.
The lost key has been found.
A year passed when it was realized that the parcel had been sent to the wrong destination.一年以后才發(fā)現(xiàn)包裹送錯(cuò)了地方。
It’s possible that one of them kept a bank where the workers could keep their money safe.有可能他們中的某個(gè)人辦了一家銀行，工人們可以放心地把錢存在那兒。
這是一個(gè)由形式主語(yǔ)it引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合句，真實(shí)主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is+形容詞+that從句，常用于這個(gè)句型的形容詞有：possible，necessary, important, clear, certain, strange等。
It is necessary that we master one or two foreign languages.我們精通一至二門外國(guó)語(yǔ)是很必要的。
keep a bank意為“開辦銀行”。此處keep為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“經(jīng)營(yíng)”、“管理”、“養(yǎng)活”。
keep a shop意為“開辦商店” keep the farm意為“經(jīng)營(yíng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)”
keep the house意為“管理家務(wù)”keep the family意為“養(yǎng)家糊口”
It contained 54,951 coins dating from the year 260－275 AD.那一次挖掘的硬幣共有54951枚，都是公元260－275年間的硬幣。
dating from在句中作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句…which dated from the year…修飾先行詞coins, date用作vi., 意思是“起始”、“興趣于”。date from 表示“始于……時(shí)期”。
過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：
Tell the children playing (==who are playing) there not to make so much noise.讓那些在那兒玩的小孩別這么吵。
They’re problems left (=which have been left) over by history.這些是歷史遺留下來(lái)的問(wèn)題。
這座古廟的歷史可以追溯到兩千年前。
[×] The old temple is dated from 2,000 years ago.
[√]The old temple dates back 2,000 years ago.
[√]The old temple dates back to 2,000 years ago.
[√]The old temple dates back 2,000 years.
It does not matter if /whether they are old. 郵票）新舊沒(méi)關(guān)系。
1) It does not matter if/whether…是一個(gè)很有用的句型。
It doesn’t matter ( to me ) if I miss my train, because there's another one later.對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)錯(cuò)過(guò)一趟火車沒(méi)關(guān)系，因?yàn)楹竺孢�有。
2) It doesn’t matter 后還能跟其他從句
If she does her best, it doesn’t matter what people think of her.只要她盡了力，別人怎么看她無(wú)關(guān)緊要。
If you are just starting to collect stamps, here is some advice for you to follow.
1) start 和begin, continue有一點(diǎn)是相同的，即它們可以用動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。
He started learning / to learn English when he was ten.
They began building / to build the dam in 1994.
How can you continue working / to work with all that noise going on?
2) 但是當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞本身是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，一般后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式。
starting to collect 一般不能換成starting collecting。
It’s starting / beginning to rain.開始下雨了。
3)start或begin后跟的動(dòng)詞是表達(dá)有關(guān)感情和思想的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般也不用動(dòng)名詞，而用動(dòng)詞不定式。
She started / began to understand. 她開始理解了。
打電話的說(shuō)法：
l）電話鈴響時(shí)，當(dāng)你拿起話筒，通常首先自報(bào)姓名和自己的電話號(hào)碼。如：
Hello, Bob Dorson.
Hello, 742511.
This is Bob Dorson speaking. Who is that speaking?
Yes?
2) 若對(duì)方要找的不是Bob而是Chris，對(duì)方可能詢問(wèn)：
Is Chris in/at home / there ?
May /can /Could I speak to Chris?
I’d like to speak to Chris , please.
若Chris在家，Bob去叫Chris，則對(duì)方稍等一會(huì)：
A moment, please.
Hold on, please.
Hold the line, please.
Don’t hang up, please.
3) Bob通知Chris 聽電話：
Telephone for you.
You are wanted on the phone, Chris.
4) 在互報(bào)完姓名后，就可以開始談話了。
若Chris不在家，你可告訴對(duì)方，并請(qǐng)他留下口信。
Chris isn’t in /here right now. Can / Could I take a message for you?
Would you like to leave a message?
Can you call later? He will be back at about 2:30.
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)示例Lesson 21
Teaching Aims
1.Words and phrases: cock, shame , coin , on the telephone.
2. Daily expressions：
1) Hello. Can I speak to Zhou Lan, please?
2) This is Zhou Lan speaking.
3) …but I’ve only just got home.
4) Would like to ask you about some stamps.
5) What a pity! What a shame!
6) I’ll ring you if I have any news.
7) It’s a pity I didn’t think of it earliest.
Step 1 Presentation
Show the Ss some stamps and talk about stamps or stamp collection by asking the Ss some questions:
1) What are these?
2) Do you like collecting stamps?
3) Have you got any valuable stamps?
4) Why do you like collecting stamps?
5) What else can we collect except stamps?
Tell the Ss today we're going to listen to a dialogue between Bruce and Zhou Lan. They are talking on the telephone about stamps. Please listen to the dialogue and find out what Brice wanted to get.
Step 3 Listening
1.Get the Ss to listen to the tape of the dialogue with the books closed.
2.Play the tape again and let the Ss repeat the dialogue .
T: Now let's listen to the tape again. When you listen to the tape, please pay attention to your pronunciation and read after the tape.
3.Ask them to answer this question: what does Bruce want to get? [A cock year stamp ]
Step 4 Reading
1. Get the Ss to read it in pairs. Then ask them some questions.
1)When did Bruce make a telephone call to Zhou Lan?
2)What happened to the cock year stamp Zhou Lan once sold?
3)What did Zhou Lan offer to do for Bruce?
Answers:1)late in the evening. 2)the week before3) help find one cock year stamp for Bruce.
2. Ask one or two pairs to act out the dialogue.
Step 5 Language points
1. Go through the dialogue briefly and make sure the Ss understand it.
2. Get the Ss to understand the following expressions and give them some explanations if Necessary.
1) It is a pity + that clause
It was a pity she didn’t ring me up yesterday.
2) Excuse me for doing sth.
Excuse me for ringing you so late in the evening.
3) I’d like to do sth.
I’d like to ask you some questions.
4) What a pity! What a shame!
A: I’m sorry I can’t join you in the travel.
B: What a shame! / What a pity!
Step 6 Practice 1
T tell Ss to read the dialogue again and complete the following dialogue.
A: Who ______ you ______ so late at night?
B: Bruce
A: What did he ______ you to do?
B: He ________ me ______ some stamps. He is very interested in ______ ______ ______ _______.
A: You have one, ______ ______?
B: I did have one, but I ______ ______ last week.
A: Do you think you ______ ______ ______ for Bruce?
B: Yes. I ______ to do so. I’ll ______ ______ as soon as I get one.
Step 7 Practice 2
SB Page 31 Part 2. Ask the Ss to make sentences in pairs. For example:
This/That That/There
It’s Bob here. Is Bob there?
This is Bob. Is that Bob?
This is Bob speaking. Can I speak to Bob?
Step 8 Practice 3
SB Page 31 Part 3. Work in pairs. Make up a dialogue that a foreigner Mr White wants to buy an old coin from his Chinese friend Mr Yang. The teacher let the Ss prepare a few minutes ,then ask two students to play in front of class. For example:
One possible version:
W: Excuse me for ringing you so early.
Y: That’s OK.
W: I would like to ask you for some Chinese coins. Do you have any old Chinese coins made in 1800AD? I would like to buy one.
Y: I used to have one, but I gave it to a friend last month.
W: Oh, what a pity!
Y: I’m sorry I didn't know you were interested in our coins. What a shame!
W: Never mind.
Y: Do you want me to find one for you?
W: Yes, please. That would be kind of you.
Y: Ok. I’ll ring you if I have any news.
W: Thank a lot. Goodbye.
Y: Goodbye.
Step 9 Homework
1. Finish off the exercises on Page 98.
2. Write down the telephone message of WB Ex. 2 in their exercise books.
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)示例Lesson 22
Teaching Aims
1.Word and phrases
shape, ring, collection, bank, material, hide, silver, penny (pi. pence), mine (n.) possibly, whenever, seashell, hand out, here and there, look round.
2.Useful expressions
1) …be of +n. =be + adj.
2) It is said that + subject clause
It is reported that…
It is believed that.
It is common to have the head of a famous person on one side.
3.Learn the history of coin.
Step 1 Revision
Revise the dialogue in SB L.21 by asking a pair of students to come to the front to act out the dialogue they themselves made.
T: First of all, I'll ask some of you to act out the dialogue you yourselves made after class.
A: Hello. Can I speak to …please?
B: This is … speaking.
A: Hello, …This is …. Excuse me for ringing you so late.
B: That’s OK.
A: I would like to ask you about some stamps. Do you still have …..stamp?
B: I’m afraid I don’t have it any more. I ……..
A: Oh! What a pity!
Step 2 Warm-up
1. Make up a dialogue between Ss and the teacher by asking these questions:
Do you like collecting things?
What do you collect?
How do you collect them?
2. Discussion: Put the Ss in groups of four to discuss these questions:
Which of the following do you collect: stamps, coin or postcards? Anything else?
3.Show the Ss some coins. Ask them who collect coin? How many coins have you collected? Tell the Ss something about coins.
T will tell them these coins are produced in 1999.
4. Talk about the picture on the top of page 32, using the following questions:
What can you see in the picture?
What are the shapes of these coins?
Say Today we're going to read a text about coins.
Step Listening and repeating
Play the tape of the passage for the Ss to listen and follow. Then ask them to do the following True or False Exercises.
1) The earliest coins in the world were used in China from more than 3000 years ago.
2) Coins may have the same designs on the two sides.
3) Before coins appeared, seashells, bamboo stick and wood were used for money.
4) The latest collection ever found in England was one of about 20000 silver pennies.
Step 3 reading
Get the Ss to read the passage carefully to know more information about coins. Then let them answer the following questions.
1) What were the earliest coins called?
2) When were the coins with holes in them used?
3) What is the coin usually pressed now? Was the date always included in the past?
4) What were the earliest coins in the west made of?
5) How many coins did the collection found in England in 1978 contain?
6) How did so many Chinese coins get to Australia?
Answers:
1) The earliest coin in China was called bei money.
2) These were used from 221BC until 1916.
3) Today the coin is usually pressed with name of the country, value of the coin and the ate. In the past the date was not always included.
4) The earliest coins in the west were made of gold mixed with silver.
5) It contained 54951 coins dating from the year 260 - 275AD.
6) It is known that thousands of Chinese worked in the gold mines in the late 19th century.
7) It is possible that one of them kept a kind of bank where the workers could keep their money safe.
8) Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.
Step 4 Language points
Write the useful expressions on the Bb. As usual, get the Ss to understand the following expressions.
1 ) with holes in it : The teacher comes in , with a book in his hand.
with + n. + 介詞短語(yǔ)
In the cave I found a coin, with the design of a panda on its face.
with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，也可以作方式狀語(yǔ)，用以修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
2) Coins may be of different size…: Be of+ n..
Coins may be of different sizes的意思相當(dāng)于Coins may be different in size.
3) be pressed with , be mixed with , be covered with….
4) in the late 1870s , in the early 1870s
5) It is …that + Subject Clause
It is known that…
It is possible that…
It is common to do …
Step5 Note making
Part 3.Page 33.Get the Ss to read the passage again and make notes. T check the Ss what information they have to put down.. Let the Ss work individually , then check the answers at the end of this activity.
Earliest coins: bei money from 650BC.
Information on the coin: name of country, value, and date.
Metals and other materials: gold, silver, seashells, wood and so on.
Designs: agricultural tools , head of a famous person, panda, and so on.
Step 6 Practice
Part 4, SB Page 33. This activity helps revise the - ing form as subject. Go through the example and the first two sentences orally and then let the Ss do this exercise alone. Check the answers with the whole class.
Answers:
1) Discovering so many Chinese coins in Australia is surprising.
2) Having the head of a famous figure on one side of the coin is rather common.
3) Getting used to the life in a foreign country needs time.
4) Handing out the listening text to the students seems necessary.
5) Reading without full understanding is no good.
6). Seeing her sad made me sad.
Step 7 Practice
1. SB Page 33, Part 5. Make sure that the Ss know the special use of the verbs in the exercise. Note that verbs like intend, continue, like, start are followed either by to do or the - ing. Write the following on the Bb: finish doing, allow doing, needs doing, advise doing, practice doing, suggest doing, can’t help doing, consider doing.
2. Let the Ss do it alone and check the answers with the whole class.
Answers:
1. rewriting 2. travelling/to travel 3. smoking 4. to buy/buying 5. washing
6. eating, taking 7. speaking 8. using 9. laughing 10. delivering 11. making/ to
make 12. smoking/to smoke
Step 8 Oral practise
Get the Ss to retell the whole passage according to the key words.
T: Now we have learnt about coins. We know the earliest coin, their sizes, weights and shapes. Let Ss retell the story according to the key words on the Bb.
Key words: the earliest coins, in China, different size, weights, shapes, …be made of different kinds of metal collections of coins that had been buried, tell a story.
Step 9 Workbook
Let the Ss to read the text once again. Then ask them to do WB Ex. 2 Page 99.
Step 10 Homework
Finish off the work exercises in WB.
探究活動(dòng)
教師組織學(xué)生就有關(guān)hobbies話題進(jìn)行討論，把他們分成幾個(gè)小組分別談?wù)?讓他們彼此交談自己目前的hobbies, 或者能夠帶給他人樂(lè)趣的事情，學(xué)生可選擇如下的話題：
Why do collect the newspaper/magazine/stamp/bottle… ? , or what fun has been brought to yourself ?