模塊四 Unit3 Tomorrow’s world
【考點(diǎn)透視】
I 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
one’s wildest dream 做夢(mèng)都沒(méi)想到的事
1. dream of / about… 夢(mèng)想……
dream a … dream 做……的夢(mèng)
give out ①散發(fā)出、放出；②分發(fā)；③宣布；④被用完
give away ①頒發(fā)（獎(jiǎng)品等）；②贈(zèng)送；③泄漏
2. give in 讓步、妥協(xié)
give off 散發(fā)出 (味道)
give up 放棄
3. put forward：①前進(jìn)；②提出（計(jì)劃等）、建議；③撥快（鐘表）的針 （→put back）
4. but / except / except for / besides
①but和except 都表示“除了……之外，沒(méi)有”，二者在多數(shù)情況下可以互換。
②no (all, nobody, nothing , no one) 后多用but。
③跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，多用except。
④except for“除……之外；要不是”，以保留的方式對(duì)整個(gè)句子內(nèi)容進(jìn)行修正。
⑤besides 與except，but用于否定句時(shí)，可互換。
① ~ + n. 使某人印象深刻
5. impress v. ② be +-ed + by / at / with （常用被動(dòng)，無(wú)進(jìn)行式）
③ impress sth. on sb. = impress sb. with sth. 使某人銘記某事
impression n. give sb. a deep impression
= leave / make a deep impression on sb.
= leave sb. with a deep impression
end in 以……告終 Their project ended in failure.
end (up) …with 以……告終/ 結(jié)束…… The party ended up with an English song.
6. put an end to… 使……終止 = bring … to an end
come to an end vi. 結(jié)束
to the end 到最后
make ends meet使收支相抵，量入為出
announce 指正式地“公開(kāi)”、“發(fā)表”、“宣布”，側(cè)重“預(yù)告”人們所關(guān)心或感興趣的事情。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：announce (to sb) sth/ that… ； It is announced that …
7. declare 指正式和明確地向公眾“宣布”、“宣告”、“聲明”，側(cè)重“當(dāng)眾”發(fā)表，多用于宣戰(zhàn)、議和、宣判等。
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：declare sth. ；declare against / for…； declare sb. / sth. to be …
responsible adj. be ~ for sb. / sth. / doing sth. 對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)
8. responsibility n. take/ assume (the) ~ for … 對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)
a sense of ~ 責(zé)任感
= put up 豎立；搭起
= establish (an organization, business, etc.) 建立；創(chuàng)立
8. set up set (sb.) up as ... 使……從事某種職業(yè)
set (up) an example to sb. 樹(shù)立榜樣
set (up) a record 創(chuàng)記錄
比較： set up / build / found / put up / build up
set up：基本意思是“把某物架好”、“豎起”。表示“建立”、“創(chuàng)立”時(shí)，既可以用于建筑物，也可以用于機(jī)構(gòu)、設(shè)施。多用于口語(yǔ)中。
build：“建設(shè)”、“建造”，是普通用詞，用法最廣。其對(duì)象可以是房屋、道路、飛機(jī)等具體的東西，也可以是社會(huì)制度、人際關(guān)系等抽象概念。有時(shí)還可以引申為“培養(yǎng)、發(fā)展、增強(qiáng)”等含義。
found：“成立”、“創(chuàng)辦”。通常用于黨團(tuán)組織、學(xué)校、國(guó)家、政權(quán)等機(jī)構(gòu)從無(wú)到有的“創(chuàng)辦”，也可表示某種學(xué)說(shuō)或理論的“創(chuàng)立”。
put up：“把某物升起”、“舉起”。表示“建設(shè)”時(shí)，多指“搭起”臨時(shí)性的建筑物。
build up：多指“增強(qiáng) / 加強(qiáng)（體力，體質(zhì)等）”。也可以指“蓋滿房子”，常用被動(dòng)。
v. = express 表達(dá)、吐露 ~ one’s opinions
n. at the top of one’s ~ 大聲地
9. voice in a loud / low ~ 大聲地/ 低聲地
with one ~ 異口同聲地
a loud-voiced man 大嗓門的人
in one’s ~ = in the ~ of sb. 在某人看來(lái)
give / express one’s ~ on / upon… 對(duì)……發(fā)表意見(jiàn)
10. opinion have a good / bad/ high/ low/ poor ~ of sb./ sth. 對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)/ 印象好/ 不好
have no ~ of … 認(rèn)為……不行
What’s your ~ of sb. / sth.? 你對(duì)某人或某事有什么看法?
public ~ 輿論 (這里的opinion 是不可數(shù)名詞)
比較：opinion / idea / thought
opinion 作名詞解，意為“看法、見(jiàn)解”
idea 意為“主意、想法”
thought 意為“思想（指經(jīng)過(guò)思考而形成的概念）”
trip 短時(shí)期來(lái)往的商業(yè)旅行和觀光旅行
journey 陸地上由一地到另一地的旅行。還用于含有“比喻”的句子中。
11. travel 泛指旅行、游歷，是“旅行”的最普通的用語(yǔ)，但無(wú)路程的含義。
tour 常指訪問(wèn)多次的觀光旅行，常指周游后回到原出發(fā)地之意。
voyage 指海上旅行。
n. ①[U] (物理上的）力、力量 the ~ of wind / gravity 風(fēng)力/ 重力
②[U]暴力、武力 by ~ 用武力
③[C]常用pl. 軍隊(duì)、部隊(duì) the air ~ 空軍
12. force v. ① ~ sb. to do sth. = ~ sb. into doing sth. 強(qiáng)迫某人做某事
② ~ sb. + adj. / adv. 如：~ one’s foot into a shoe 將腳硬塞入鞋內(nèi)
③ ~ sth. on sb. 把……強(qiáng)加于某人
④ ~ one’s way 強(qiáng)行前進(jìn)
II重點(diǎn)句型
1. Upon reaching the top of the mountain, a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced.
2. In reality, my grandfather can no longer walk, …
3. In my opinion, it is about time (that) we had new computers.
該句型中，that從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去式，也可以是should +動(dòng)詞原形，should有時(shí)可省略。
【題例精析】
【例1】 It’s high time that we students ________ even harder at our lessons as the national entrance examination is coming nearer. （2006連云港3月交流卷）
A. work B. will work C. worked D. have to work
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)悟】解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要注意在句型It’s time that...結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)的使用。
【答案解析】在It is time that ...句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)，可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，也可以用should +動(dòng)詞原形，但should不可省略。
【答案】C
【例2】 My _______ of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends.
A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)悟】考查名詞辨析。
【要點(diǎn)精析】idea指“想法，主意”，opinion指“意見(jiàn)，主張”，mind指“思維，理智”，thought指“想法”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意，應(yīng)選A。
【答案】A
【單元檢測(cè)】
單項(xiàng)填空
1. The cinema looks very old because of its traditional design. _________, it was finished only two months ago.
A. In reality B. In turn
C. But D. What’s more
2. ―Hurry up! I’m afraid we have no time to _____ before the party.
―Coming!
A. get to change B. get changed
C. get changing D. get change
3. ―How do you find the play last night?
― Very disappointing. The play was badly acted, ________ being too long.
A. but B. including
C. besides D. except
4. She ______ a proposal for the electoral reform last month, but it hasn’t been approved by the board.
A. put forth B. put about
C. put by D. put forward
5. ―I always thought you were a nurse.
―Really? I wonder how you got that ______.
A. plan B. image
C. impression D. sense
6. ―Is Bob still performing?
―I’m afraid not. He is said _______ the stage already.
A. to have left B. to leave
C. to be left D. to have been left
7. Every time she tried to argue with her husband, she ended up ______ her eyes out.
A. to cry B. cried
C. crying D. cry
8. The trip to the Great Wall in 2007 summer _______ me with a deep impression.
A. reminded B. left
C. kept D. stayed
9. ―How often do you refer to the dictionary when you are reading an English novel?
― Well, ________. I will look up the word if it affects my understanding.
A. never B. very often
C. it depends D. if possible
10. - What’s the matter with you?
- After the long walk, my legs _________ and I couldn’t go any further.
A. gave out B. gave off
C. gave in D. gave up
11. Thank you so much. You _____ me from an embarrassing situation.
A. remember B. recover
C. rescue D. reserve
12. _________ decision you make, we will always support you.
A. whichever B. Whatever
C. However D. Wherever
13. Parents should allow children the space to ________ their opinions, even if they are different from their own.
A. voice B. speak
C. say D. put
14. The project ________ considered thoroughly, and I’m sure it ______ finished on time.
A. must; may B. should be; can be
C. need; should D. must be; may be
15. _________ picking up the phone, I recognized her voice.
A. Upon B. At
C. With D. As
完形填空
The yearly marathon (a long-distance running race of 42.195 km) in my town usually occurs during a heat wave. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance 16 any of them needed medical attention.
“We’re supposed to stay behind the 17 runner, so take it slowly,” I said to the driver, Doug, as the race started.
The front-runners started to 18 and then my eyes were 19 to the woman in blue silk running shorts and a loose white T-shirt.
We knew we were already watching our “l(fā)ast runner.” Her 20 were so crippled (殘疾的) that it seemed almost impossible for her to be able to walk, 21 alone run a marathon.
Doug and I 22 in silence as she slowly moved forward. 23 , she was the only runner left in sight. Tears streamed down my face when I watched with respect 24 she pushed forward with great 25 through the last miles.
When the finish line came into sight, rubbish lay everywhere and the 26 crowds had long gone home. 27 , standing straight and ever so proud 28 a lone man. He was 29 one end of a ribbon (緞帶) of crepe paper (皺紙) 30 to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the paper fluttering (飄揚(yáng)) behind her.
I do not know this woman’s name, but that day she became a part of my 31 - a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about 32 the other runners or winning a prize, but about 33 what she had set out to do, no matter 34 . When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how 35 the task before me really is.
16.A. so that B. in case C. even though D. only if
17.A. first B. best C. only D. last
18.A. run B. separate C. disappear D. appear
19.A. drawn B. thrown C. fixed D. caught
20.A. hands B. legs C. arms D. body
21.A. let B. leave C. speak D. take
22.A. watched B. drove C. observed D. stared
23.A. Quickly B. Unluckily C. Naturally D. Finally
24.A. since B. before C. as D. until
25.A. pain B. determination C. strength D. desire
26.A. fired B. waiting C. cheering D. impatient
27.A. Besides B. Therefore C. Yet D. Fortunately
28.A. stood B. waited C. came D. had
29.A. helping B. catching C. holding D. tying
30.A. kept B. tied C. connected D. led
31.A. dream B. feeling C. idea D. life
32.A. following B. hoping C. encouraging D. beating
33.A. finishing B. realizing C. starting D. winning
34.A. where B. how C. when D. what
35.A. difficult B. interesting C. easy D. hopeful
閱讀理解
(A)
Now we are always hearing about road accidents and when we’re in a car we try to drive carefully, but how many of us take the same degree of care in our homes? Any large hospital will tell you the number of accidents that happen in the home is almost the same as those on the road. I don’t pretend to be an expert, but I’ve thought a lot about how and why these accidents happen and what we can do to prevent them.
One of the commonest and most dangerous causes of home accidents is wrong and careless use of electrical equipment. People will continue to use a loose plug or pull out a plug without first turning off the power. In spite of warnings, one will carry an electric heater into the bathroom when he is going to have a bath. Sometimes one forgets to cut off the power before mending a lamp or something else. All this will cause accidents. So the rule about anything that works by electricity is: Switch off before you touch anything and don’t pretend you know when you actually don’t.
If you’ve got children in the house, it’s always best to keep medicines of any kind out of their reach. Otherwise, they may be taken for candies or a new kind of drink. When there are older people living with you, you have to take particular care in a number of ways in order to make them safe and happy.
Fire, of course, is always a risk. So, remember not to dry clothes in front of fires, or leave stoves in the middle of rooms where they can easily be knocked over. And don’t forget to keep the children away from fire. Smoking, too, causes fire. So you’d better give it up.
Safety first may mean a little more time and care, but it may save you a lot of trouble.
36. The writer thinks the reason why there are so many accidents in our home is that we are _______.
A. less careful in our homes than in a car
B. more careful in our homes than in a car
C. as careful in our homes as in a car
D. not so careful in a car as in our homes
37. The writer advises you _______ about the use of electrical equipment.
A. to appear as if you know everything
B. to pretend that you don’t know anything
C. to pretend that you know everything
D. not to think you know everything
38. It’s best to keep medicines in places that children can’t __________.
A. get on B. get to
C. get in D. get over
39. One way to prevent fires at home is to _________.
A. leave stoves in the middle of the rooms
B. dry clothes near stoves
C. tell children to stay away from fire
D. smoke away from fires
（B）
Through all of human history, rats have been a curse and a plague (禍害) to people. They eat or spoil crops of grain and rice before they can be harvested or while they are in storage. In India, where millions of people go hungry, there are ten times as many rats as people. Rats devour half of the available food. Rats will also attack birds and animals, from flogs and chicks to geese and young calves. They have even destroyed dams and buildings by making holes through or under them. Sometimes they cause fires by chewing on electrical wiring.
The most terrible destruction caused by rats, however, has come from the diseases they carry. In the fourteenth century, rats caused the death of one-third of the world’s human population by transmitting bubonic plague (淋巴腺鼠疫). This dreadful outbreak also called the Black Plague, ravaged (嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞) Europe for years.
Ironically, it is in fighting diseases that rats have been most useful to humanity. The bodies of rats, though quite different from those of humans, have certain basic structural similarities. So thousands of specially bred rats are used in research laboratories every year to test medicines that can possibly be used to prolong and improve human life. As might be expected, some laboratory rats are even used to test new procedures and methods for eliminating their cousins - the wild rats.
40. What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A. the different kinds of damages caused by rats.
B. how terrible the rats are to us humans.
C. how to kill rats in proper ways.
D. why we should kill rats every day.
41. According to the passage, the underlined word “devour” in the first paragraph means
A. damage B. eat up
C. destroy D. steal
42. In the 14th century, about one third of the world’s human population died because ______.
A. big fires broke out in Europe
B. rats spread the plague throughout Europe
C. rats spread poison in water
D. people had no food to eat at that time
43. Rats are often used to test new medicines for us humans because ______________.
A. rats are easy to catch in the wild
B. researchers don’t have to pay much for rats
C. rats and humans are a little similar in their basic structures
D. humans want to keep the world out of rats
對(duì)話填空
Four people in an advertising firm are discussing a future advertising programme. (B=Bob)
A: OK. Our plan is to (44) p_______ an advertisement for this famous computer. Any ideas?
B: I think it would be a good idea to have (45) c_______ from secretaries and typists who are already using it. Then they can (46) e______ their satisfaction with the product.
C: Do you think so? Do you think managers want to read what users think about a new piece of office equipment?
D: I agree with Bob. I think we should have a picture of the computer and give a (47) d_________ of the product.
B: I’m afraid I can’t agree with you. That’s a good way of giving (48) i_______, but it’s not a good way of persuading people. For one thing, it’s boring, and people aren’t going to read an ad that looks boring. For (49) a_______ thing, one computer looks very like another. People aren’t going to remember the (50) n_________ of the product.
A: So what exactly are you suggesting?
B: I suggest that we ask users of this machine what they think about it. Then we can put their comments at the top of the advertisement in big print. We can bring in some humor too. People enjoy reading (51) h_______ ads.
D: The disadvantage (52) w______ carrying out interviews is that it may take a long time.
B: No problem. We can do some telephone (53) i______ with our users.
(44) _________
(45) _________
(46) _________
(47) _________
(48) _________
(49) _________
(50) _________
(51) _________
(52) _________
(53) _________
書(shū)面表達(dá)
假設(shè)你的英文名為Jack，是英國(guó)諾丁漢大學(xué)的中國(guó)留學(xué)生。你負(fù)責(zé)為在該校就讀的32名中國(guó)學(xué)生籌劃圣誕節(jié)期間的蘇格蘭之行，為期7天，請(qǐng)你給諾丁漢的STA (Students’ Travel Agency)經(jīng)理Phil發(fā)一封電子郵件，聯(lián)系有關(guān)事宜。要點(diǎn)如下：
(1)希望能夠派車接送；
(2)需要一名說(shuō)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)，并非常熟悉蘇格蘭的導(dǎo)游；
(3)請(qǐng)求告知旅行日程及就餐、旅館、費(fèi)用等情況；
(4)你的聯(lián)系方式：電子郵箱地址：Jack @ yahoo. com.cn或電話號(hào)碼：07747745007
注意： (1)詞數(shù)：100詞左右； (2)開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)出，不計(jì)人總詞數(shù)；
(3)參考詞匯：旅館住宿accommodation；旅行日程安排itinerary; 長(zhǎng)途客車coach
發(fā)件人: Jack @ yahoo. com.cn
收件人: “Manager Nottingham King St”
日期: Fri, 5 Dec 2007 11:29
主題: A Trip to Scotland
Hi, Phil,
I’d like you to organize a trip to Scotland for us.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours Truly,
Jack
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案解析】
【單項(xiàng)填空】
1．A。根據(jù)題意，前后兩個(gè)句子之間并非遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，則可排除D項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)意為“依次、逐個(gè)地”，不合題意。C項(xiàng)中But后一般不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。A項(xiàng)意為“事實(shí)上、實(shí)際上”，最符合題意。
2．B。get changed意為“換衣服”。
3．C�？疾樵~語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)題意，was badly acted和being too long都是導(dǎo)致disappointing的因素，C項(xiàng)“除了……之外（還有）”，正合題意。若選A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)，則表明這兩個(gè)因素是對(duì)立的，不合邏輯。若選B項(xiàng)，則表明后一因素包括在前一因素之中，也不合題意。故C項(xiàng)最佳。
4．D�？疾閯�(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A項(xiàng)“長(zhǎng)出（葉、芽等）”。B項(xiàng)“散布、傳播（不實(shí)的消息等）”。C項(xiàng)“攢錢、積蓄”。D項(xiàng)“提出、提議、建議”。
5．C�？疾槊~。根據(jù)題意，C意為“印象”。
6．A。不定式的完成式表示動(dòng)作“l(fā)eave”先于主句動(dòng)作“said”之前發(fā)生。
7．C。end up doing 意為“以……告終”。
8．B�？疾榱�(xí)慣搭配。leave sb. with a deep impression意為“給某人留下很深的印象”。
9．C�？疾榻浑H用語(yǔ)。it depends意為“視情況”。
10．A。此處give out譯為“筋疲力盡，用盡力氣”，全句譯為：長(zhǎng)途后，我的雙腿已筋疲力盡，不能再走了，而give off為“出發(fā)，放出”；give in為“屈服”；give up為“放棄”。
11．C。rescue sb. from …把某人從……中解救出來(lái)。
12．B。whatever引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于no matter what。
13．A。voice one’s opinions 意為“表達(dá)某人的觀點(diǎn)”。
14．B。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式的用法。
15．A。upon/ on + sth/ doing sth.意為“一……就……”。at doing sth. 意為“一聽(tīng)到/看到……就……”。
【完形填空】
這是一篇夾敘夾議的短文。作者首先敘述在一次馬拉松比賽中目睹“最后一位選手”：一位殘疾婦女憑堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志跑完全程的感人故事，最后通過(guò)議論，表達(dá)了自己對(duì)這位婦女的敬仰以及所受到的鼓舞。
16．B。in case (that)引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“萬(wàn)一”。
17．D。由后文可知，作者和司機(jī)應(yīng)是跟在“最后”一位選手的后面。
18．C。最后一位選手是殘疾人，與跑在前面的選手差距很大，故只有前面的選手開(kāi)始“消失”時(shí)，作者才能注意到她。
19．A。表示目光“被吸引”。
20．B。這位婦女幾乎都不能走，因此應(yīng)是她的“腿’有殘疾。
21．A。let alone是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“更不用說(shuō)”。
22．A。此處應(yīng)是有意識(shí)地“注視”。
23．D。由前后文的邏輯關(guān)系判斷，此處表示的是“時(shí)間”關(guān)系。敘述比賽進(jìn)行到“最后”的情況。
24．C。as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，當(dāng)“一邊……一邊……”講，表示前后萌個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。
25．B。由全文判斷，這位殘疾婦女應(yīng)是意志“堅(jiān)定”。
26．C。此處應(yīng)是前來(lái)“加油助威的人群(cheering crowd)”。
27．C。考查副詞所表示的邏輯關(guān)系，上下文應(yīng)是“轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系”。
28．B。這位殘疾婦女唯一的支持者一直在終點(diǎn)線那兒自豪地“等著”她。
29．C。此處應(yīng)是“握著”緞帶的一端。
30．B。緞帶的一端“系”在一根柱子上，讓這位跑在最后的選手“撞線”。
31．D。這位殘疾婦女成為作者“人生”的一部分，時(shí)刻鼓舞著他。
32．D。這價(jià)婦女參賽的目的顯然不是“擊敗”別的選手或獲獎(jiǎng)。
33．A。這位婦女參賽是想通過(guò)自己的努力去“完成”自己想干的事情。
34．D。這位婦女去“完成”自己想干的事情，不管是“什么”事情。
35．C。作者受到鼓舞，再難的事情也變得“容易”了。
【閱讀理解】
36．A。從文章第一段的第二句和文章第二段我們可知，由于人們?cè)诩业拇中脑斐傻氖鹿省?/p>
37．D。從文章第二段的最后一句話可知答案為D項(xiàng)。
38．B。從文章第三段的第一句話可知答案為B，即藥品應(yīng)放在孩子夠不著的地方。
39．C。從文章最后一段可知，孩子應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離火。
40．A。第一段主要講述了老鼠給人類帶來(lái)的各種破壞和災(zāi)難。
41．B。由上下文和后面的available food可知，devour應(yīng)是“吃下；吞下”之意。
42．B。從本文的第二段可知，14世紀(jì)歐洲鼠疫泛濫，導(dǎo)致了歐洲很多年都在“黑死病”的籠罩之中，造成了大量的死亡。
43．C。由最后一段第二句可知。
【對(duì)話填空】
44. produce 45. comments 46. express 47. description 48. information
49. another 50. name 51. humorous 52. with 53. interviews
【書(shū)面表達(dá)】
Hi, Phil,
I’d like you to organize a trip to Scotland for us. I have here a group of 32 Chinese students studying in Nottingham University, who want to go on a seven-day tour during the Christmas days. I hope we can have a coach which will take us to Scotland and then bring us back to Nottingham. We also need a guide who speaks standard English and knows Scotland well. I would be very grateful if you can work out an itinerary as soon as possible and tell me about our accommodation, meals as well as how much each of us has to pay. If you have any information, please either email me or call me at 07747745007.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours Truly.
Jack