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      2. 模塊九 Unit 1 Other countries ... (reading語言點(diǎn)詳解)(譯林牛津版高三英語選修九教案教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì))

        發(fā)布時(shí)間:2016-6-24 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機(jī)版

        模塊九 Unit one Other countries, other cultures

        Reading:

        1. minus: prep. 減去,零下,[口]無……地

        adj: [數(shù)]負(fù)(數(shù))的,[電]陰性的,負(fù)電的

        13 ~ 6 equals 7. 13減六等于7!   ~ number 負(fù)數(shù)

        The minimum temperature is ~ 17 degrees. 最低溫度是零下17度。

        試題回顧: 

        Not knowing it would rain, he went out _____ an umbrella.

        A. not B. minus C. without D. B and C

        2. centigrade: adj. 分為百度的,百分度的,攝氏溫度的

        a ~ thermometer 百分溫度計(jì),攝氏溫度計(jì)

        The temperature in this room is twenty degrees ~. 這個(gè)房間的溫度是攝氏20度。

        3. defend: vt. 防護(hù), 辯護(hù), 防衛(wèi)

        ~ … from harm 保護(hù)…使…不受傷害

        ~ ……against…… 保護(hù)…,抵抗…

        She had to ~ herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防備看門的狗咬她。

        ~ one’s country 保衛(wèi)祖國

        I am prepared to ~ my ideas. 我準(zhǔn)備好為自己的構(gòu)想辯護(hù)。

        defense: n.防衛(wèi),防衛(wèi)設(shè)備,[律] (被告的)答辯,辯護(hù)

        They built a bank as a ~ against flooding.他們筑堤作為防洪設(shè)施。

        in ~ of sb. == in one’s ~ 為了保衛(wèi)……,為……辯護(hù)

        defensive: adj.防御的,自衛(wèi)的

        辨析:defend / protect

        defend:強(qiáng)調(diào)面臨危險(xiǎn)時(shí)用武力或其他方法進(jìn)行保護(hù)。

        protect:指提供某種庇護(hù)以免受到傷害。

        4. waste: n. [U] 浪費(fèi);濫用(+ of),廢棄物,廢料,排泄物

        adj.廢棄的,無用的

        Doing such a job is a ~ of his talents.做這種工作是在浪費(fèi)他的才能。

        A lot of poisonous ~ from the chemical works polluted the river.化工廠的許多有毒的廢料污染這條河。

        Throw out that ~ paper.把廢紙扔掉。

        Vt. 浪費(fèi),濫用,未充分利用(+ on),使荒蕪,使荒廢

        Don’t ~ your time and energy on trifles.別把你的時(shí)間和精力浪費(fèi)在瑣事上。

        The drought ~d the land.旱災(zāi)使田地荒蕪。

        ~ one’s words白費(fèi)口舌

        ~ time in doing sth. / on sth. 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間做……

        5. freezing: adj.冰凍的,嚴(yán)寒的,冷凍用的;(態(tài)度)非常冷淡

        What ~ weather it is!好冷的天氣!

        frozen; adj. 凍結(jié)的,冷冰的,冷酷的

        The road is ~ hard. 路上的凍結(jié)得很硬。

        freeze sb.’s blood / make sb.’s blood freeze 使某人極度恐慌。

        be frozen to death 凍死

        6. abundant: adj.豐富的;充裕的,豐富,盛產(chǎn),富于

        ~ in 富于……,……很豐富

        an ~ supply of oil 充足的石油供應(yīng)

        The tree is ~ in fruit. 這棵樹果實(shí)累累

        abundance: n. 豐富,充裕, a year of ~ 豐年

        an ~ of + n.[C / U] 大量的,多的

        in ~ 豐富的,充裕的

        abundantly: adv. 豐富地

        7. fond: adj. 喜愛的,喜歡的(做表語)

        I am not ~ of eating meat. 我不喜歡吃肉。

        a ~ mother 慈母 ~ looks 慈愛的樣子

        8. ancestor: n. [C] 祖先,祖宗,起源,始祖

        the worship(崇拜;敬仰;敬神)of one’s ~s 祭祖,

        ancestral: adj. 祖先的,祖?zhèn)鞯?/p>

        ancestress: 女祖先 ancestry:n. (pl. ~ries) [ 總稱] 祖先,家世

        line of ancestries 祖系

        9. locate: vt. 查找……的地點(diǎn),使……坐落于,位于

        be ~d in 位于,坐落于

        We ~d the island on the map.我們?cè)诘貓D上查找這個(gè)島嶼。

        Our school is ~d in the centre of the town.我們學(xué)校坐落于市鎮(zhèn)的中心。

        location: n. 位置,場所,特定區(qū)域,[美] (電影)外景拍攝場地

        The hill is a good ~ for the new church.那山丘是建筑新教堂的好地點(diǎn)。

        ~ problem布局問題 on ~ 拍攝外景中

        10. mix: v. 使混合,混淆,

        ~ A with B / ~ A and B (together) 把A與B混合起來

        ~ sth.. for sb. 為某人混合 / 制成

        get ~ed up in sth 牽連到(棘手的事情)

        get ~ed up with (與不受歡迎的人)交往

        ~ … into … 將……(另一成分)加進(jìn)某混合

        ~ sb. up / about / over … 把某人弄糊涂

        mixture: n. [U] 混合,混合狀態(tài) [C] 混合之物

        a cough ~ 復(fù)方咳嗽藥

        a ~ of relief and joy 安心和歡喜的復(fù)雜心情

        mixed; adj.混合的 ~ feelings 歡樂恐懼參半

        11. concrete: adj. 實(shí)物的,具體的,有型的 more ~ ; most ~

        n.[U] 混泥土

        a ~ analysis of ~ problems 對(duì)具體問題做具體分析

        Light is not ~ but window is. 光是無形的,但窗戶有形

        ~ dam 混泥土壩 ~ mixture 混泥土混合料

        in the ~ 具體地,實(shí)際上

        v. 用混泥土修筑,澆混泥土,凝結(jié)

        12. upwards: adv. 向上地,朝上,向上游,向內(nèi)地 反義詞:downward

        trace a river ~ 溯流而上

        The plane flew ~ and out of sight. 飛機(jī)向上飛去,隨即看不見了。

        The prices are from 10 dollars upward. 價(jià)格從十美圓起。

        13. semicircle: n. 半圓形

        sit in a ~ 坐成半圓形

        semi-(前綴)“一半的”,“半……的之意”

        semifinal 半決賽 semiconductor 半導(dǎo)體 semimonthly 美半月一次地

        14. awesome: adj. 引起敬畏的,可怕的 an ~ sight 驚人的奇觀

        They had an ~ task ahead. 前面有十分艱巨的任務(wù)等著他們。

        15. approximately: adv. 近似地,大約正確的,近似于……地

        The hospital is ~ five miles from the station. 醫(yī)院距離車站約有5英里。

        approximate(l) adj. 近似的,大約的,使接近(主要指質(zhì)或數(shù)量方面)

        an ~ value 近似值

        The ~ time of our arrival is 3 o’clock.. 我們抵達(dá)的時(shí)間大約是3點(diǎn)鐘。

        Vt. / vi; 近似,接近

        This is the sum of money which ~s to what will be needed. 這是那筆極接近所需數(shù)目的款項(xiàng)。

        The distance ~s three miles. 距離約有3英里。

        approximation: n. [C / U] 概算,接近,近似值

        16. enthusiast; n. 熱心家,狂熱者

        an ~ of jazz 爵士樂愛好者

        ~ for a united Europe 熱烈贊成歐洲統(tǒng)一的人。

        enthuse: vt. [口] 使熱心 Vi. 熱心 ~ over / about sth. 熱心于……

        enthusiasm: n. [C / U] 狂熱,積極性,熱心, ~for / about …… 對(duì)……的積極性

        He has a great ~ for personal computers. 他熱衷于個(gè)人電腦

        with ~ 熱衷地,狂熱地

        enthusiastic: adj. 熱心的,熱情的

        be ~ about / over / for …… 對(duì)……熱心

        She is an ~ admirer of the film star. 她狂熱地愛慕(崇拜)那位電影明星。

        He became ~ about classical music. 他變成了一個(gè)古典音樂迷。

        enthusiastically: adv. 熱心地,狂熱地

        17. permanent: adj. 永久的,持久的

        Nature is ~ .自然是永恒的。

        ~ agreement 永久性協(xié)定

        This is my ~ address. 這是我的固定地址。

        ~ly: adv. 永存地,不變地

        permanence: n. [U] 永久,恒久,不變

        We no longer talk of the ~ of marriage. 如今,再也沒有人說婚姻要天長地久。

        18. recreation: n. [C / U] 消遣,娛樂,(身心的)休養(yǎng)

        I regard reading as a form of ~. 我把看書當(dāng)作一種消遣。

        recreate; v. (使)得到休養(yǎng) / 娛樂

        ~ oneself with 以……消遣

        辨析:relaxation / refreshment / amusement / recreation

        relaxation: n. 放松,消遣,娛樂。主要強(qiáng)調(diào)從堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的勞累中放松、解脫出來。

        refreshment: n. 精力和體力上的恢復(fù)。

        amusement: n. 側(cè)重指歡樂、快樂;娛樂

        recreation: n. 通常是指改變一下工作或?yàn)榱朔潘梢幌律眢w,或清醒一下腦子縱情消遣。

        19. immigration: n. 外來的移民,移居入境

        ~ authority 移民局

        ~ problem 移民問題

        immigrate: vt. 使移居入境 vi. 移來

        As a mere child, he ~d to this country from Ireland. 當(dāng)他還是孩提時(shí),就從愛爾蘭移居到這個(gè)國家來。

        20. hunt: vt. / vi. / n. 打獵,狩獵,追捕;(與after / for 連用)搜索、追尋

        I ~ed for my book everywhere. 我到處找我的書。

        Lions ~ in groups. 獅子成群獵食。

        go on a deer ~ 去獵鹿

        go hunting 去打獵 ~ for 尋找

        ~ out 把……追趕出來;尋出(放置起來而被遺忘的東西)

        ~ up 尋找(隱藏或難發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西)

        hunter: n.獵人,追尋者

        The ~s camped in the midst of the thick forest. 獵人們?cè)诿芰稚钐幩逘I。

        21. second only to …… 僅次于……

        second to none 頭等的,不次于任何人的

        In our class, Tom is second only to Jack in English.在我們班里Tom的英語僅次于Jack。

        second to, next to, superior to, junior/senior to

        He is such a good player that he is second to none. (無人能比.)

        Next to music, he loves tennis best. (除了音樂,他最喜歡網(wǎng)球。).

        This employee is superior to the former in ability. (這個(gè)雇員比上個(gè)強(qiáng)。)

        He is junior to me by two years. (他比我小兩歲。)

        22. the vast majority of 大多數(shù)

        a / the majority of …… 大多數(shù);該短語做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于其后的名詞或句子的意思。若強(qiáng)調(diào)由個(gè)體組成的“大多數(shù)”,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí),則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

        練一練:

        1. Don’t worry about the situation in the world. ______ of people prefer peace to war.

        A. The most B. The great part C. The majority D. The number

        2. ________ the people there _______ that smoking is harmful to the health.

        A. Majority of; thinks B. The majority; thinks

        C. Majority of; thinks D. The majority of; thinks

        23. be thrilled by 對(duì)……感到興奮

        thrill v. 使感到強(qiáng)烈的興奮,感到興奮,使毛骨悚然, 使激動(dòng); 刺激

        be thrilled at / by sth. / to do sth.

        n. [C] 一陣強(qiáng)烈的情緒(如:快樂,激動(dòng),恐懼等).一種毛骨悚然的感覺; 震動(dòng); 顫抖

        She was thrilled at / by / the invitation. 她受到邀請(qǐng)很興奮。

        The exhibition thrilled all the visitors who came to the gallery. It was a great success.

        The audiences were thrilled with her great performance.

        The performance gave us a great thrill.

        A thrill went through her the moment her flight took off.

        It is a thrill watching a 3D film in a virtual reality cinema.

        24. colonize: vt.把……變?yōu)橹趁竦?colonization: n. 殖民主義

        colonist: n. 殖民地居民 colonialist: n. 殖民主義者

        26. be lost to 失去……,沒有…… The opportunity was lost to him.(他沒有機(jī)會(huì)了)

        be lost in 1) 消失在…中 The ship was lost in the hurricane.(消失在風(fēng)暴中)

        2) 陷入(沉思等);被…所吸引

        For some time he seemed lost in thought.

        My companion sat silent now for some time, lost in thought

        3) 在…中迷路,迷失在…We were lost in the forest (在森林里迷路了)

        be lost on / upon 未被……領(lǐng)會(huì)

        27. for short(簡略形式), in short(總之)

        Her name is “Frances”, or “Fran” for short.

        Fran is short for Frances.

        Things can’t be any worse: in short, the project has got stuck.

        關(guān)注類似的短語:for free(without payment), for certain/sure(=without doubt)

        I got the ticket for free from someone who didn’t want it.

        He must live somewhere around. But I can’t say for sure/certain.

        28. smaller in size 在尺寸上小一些

        in size 在大小,尺寸,規(guī)模上

        in length / height / in width / in depth / = long / high / wide / deep

        ten meters long / in length 十米長 two kilometers deep / in depth 二公里深

        29. be home to … ……的所地(相當(dāng)于be the home of)

        30. seek their fortunes 碰運(yùn)氣,找出路

        seek: sought / sought 尋找,追求,試圖

        ~ after / for ……尋找、追求…… ~ to do sth. 試圖做……

        ~ out 搜出 ~ through 搜遍

        Something suspicious was found after the room was sought through.

        房間被徹底搜查后,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一點(diǎn)可疑的東西。

        He sought to speak to her. 他尋找機(jī)會(huì)與她說話。

        He sought vainly for the answer. 他尋求答案,但無結(jié)果。

        31. in the gold rush 在淘金熱中

        32. a handful of 一把……,少量的 a handful of sweets 一把糖果

        a mouthful of 一口…… a spoonful of …… 一勺……

        33. go with 和……完全相配,適合, 伴隨 ,與...相配 , 與...約會(huì) , 順從...的趨勢

        34. sort out 整理出,挑出,解決,打敗

        sort out the wheat from the chaff 把小麥從糠皮中揀選出來

        35. be covered in permanent frost 被籠罩在經(jīng)久不退的濃霧中

        36. be perfect for 對(duì)……完全適合

        The weather is perfect for a garden party. 這是舉行露天招待會(huì)的理想天氣。

        37. due to 由于,起因于,應(yīng)付給……的,due 為形容詞,to是介詞

        due to 一般引導(dǎo)表語,但也可引導(dǎo)狀語。

        Owing to 可用來引導(dǎo)狀語或表語(多用于前者)。Owing to 一般是修飾整個(gè)句子,因此嚴(yán)格的來講,應(yīng)用逗號(hào)和前面的句子分開。

        E.g. These slips are due to / owing to the author’s insufficient acquaintance with the life of the laboring people.

        這些疏忽是由于作者對(duì)勞動(dòng)人民的生活不夠熟悉而造成的。

        They decided to put off the trip, owing to the change of weather.

        由于天氣變化,他們決定延期啟程。

        38. cater to / for 迎合,滿足

        This is a magazine catering to the interests of adults. 這是一本投合成年人口味的雜志。

        39. feature

        1. 特征,特色[(+of)]

        This is a key feature of our society. 這是我們社會(huì)的一個(gè)主要特點(diǎn)。

        2. (眼、口、鼻等)臉的一部分

        3. 面貌,相貌[P]

        He could recall her features very distinctly. 他能夠清晰地回想起她的容貌。

        4. (報(bào)紙等的)特寫,特別報(bào)導(dǎo),專欄

        The local newspaper ran a feature on child labor.

        地方報(bào)紙登載一篇有關(guān)童工勞動(dòng)的特寫。

        5. (電影的)正片,故事片

        6. (特色商品等)特別吸引人的東西

        vt.

        1. 1. 以...為特色;是...的特色

        2. (電影)由...主演

        The new movie features two of my favorite actors. 這部新片由我最喜愛的兩位演員主演。

        3. 特載,以...作為號(hào)召

        The museum's exhibit features paintings of colonial times.

        博物館的展品突出介紹殖民時(shí)代的繪畫。

        vi.起重要作用;作為主要角色[(+in)]

        Economic issues featured very largely in the Prime Minister's speech.

        首相的講話中很大一部分涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。

        40. 單詞拼寫:

        1. It’s very cold today; the temperature has dropped to f __________ point.

        2. L _______ in Southern Australia, Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers.

        3. I climbed steadily u _______ till I reached the top of the ladder.

        4. He is s __________ very intelligent, but in fact he isn’t.

        5. There were c ________ numbers of locusts passing overhead like a great dark cloud.

        Keys: 1. freezing 2. Located 3. upwards 4. seemingly 5. countless

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