作者：浙江省富陽市新登中學(xué) 傅代紅 胡君祥
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人教版高一（下）冊所涉及到的語法點、單詞、短語、句型結(jié)構(gòu)很多，下面就人教版高一（下）的重點語法點、單詞、短語、句型結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)合近幾年高考試題做如下透視。
1. Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life. (Unit13 Page4 Reading)
[考點] only ＋狀語＋部分倒裝句
[歸納] only ＋狀語位于句首時，應(yīng)使用部分倒裝，即“only＋狀語＋助動詞＋主語＋實義動詞”， 如含有狀語從句，倒裝應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在主句部分。 “only ＋主語”位于句首時不用倒裝。
[高考鏈接]
1). _________ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. (06浙江9)
A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet
2). Only then ________how much damage had been caused. (06 陜西)
A. she realized B. she had realized
C. had she realized D. did she realize
2. Organic vegetables are those that are grown without chemicals that can be harmful to human beings or the environment. (Unit13 Page4 Reading)
[考點] “can＋do” 在陳述句中表推測
[歸納] can表推測時一般不用于陳述句，這指的是對具體某事的推測。對一種普遍性規(guī)律進行推測時，can還是可以用于陳述句中的。
[高考鏈接] Some aspects of a pilot’s job ______be boring, and pilots often _____work at inconvenient hours.（06湖南）
A. can; have to B. may; can
C. have to; may D. ought to; must
3. Kwanzaa is a seven-day festival celebrating the cultural and history of African Americans. (Unit14 Page10 Reading)
[考點] 分詞作定語
[歸納] 作定語的及物動詞分詞形式為：v.-ing; being＋過去分詞;過去分
詞。當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為主動關(guān)系時，用v.-ing；為被動關(guān)系且表正在進行時，用being＋過去分詞；為被動關(guān)系且表完成時，用過去分詞。
[高考鏈接] The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket__________ the desert. （06湖南）
A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover
4. Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep our cultural alive. (Unit14 Page 11 Reading)
[考點] 含有time的結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句
[歸納] 近年來對狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的考查轉(zhuǎn)向each time類名詞短語和
immediately等副詞的趨勢，應(yīng)特別總結(jié)相關(guān)用法。含有time等名詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)有：every time，each time，next time，the first time，the moment，the minute，the instant。
[高考鏈接] ______ we made mistakes in our homework, he would ask
us to correct them. (05 全國卷)
A. Each time B. each time when C. A time D. One time
5. So I called on you and asked if I could borrow some jewellery. (Unit15Page17 Reading)
[考點] call的常用短語
[歸納] call on意為“拜訪；訪問；號召”， call up意為“征召；喚起：使人憶起；帶入心中”， call off意為“取消”， call for意為“要求；需要”， call in意為“回收；邀請”。
[高考鏈接] As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village ______scenes of my childhood. (06 湖北)
A. called up B. called for C. called on D. called in
6. Well, I would rather not tell you. (Unit15Page17 Reading)
[考點] would rather 用法
[歸納] would rather 用法要注意4點：1. 否定式為would rather not；
2. 反義疑問句為wouldn’t＋主語；3.后接從句時，從句要使用過去時；4. 表示寧愿做什么勝過做什么時為would rather do…than do。
[高考鏈接] 29.I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus, _______?
(06福建)
A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you C. aren’t D. didn’t she
7. In the eighteenth century, Benjamin Franklin conduced a number of experiments in which he showed what electricity is. (Unit16 Page24 Reading)
[考點] a number of與the number of作主語
[歸納] a number of接復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；而the number of接復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
[高考鏈接]
1). As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _______ rising these days.
(06全國Ⅱ)
A. keep B. has been keeping C. have been keeping D. are keeping
2). Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside,
_______ in the clothing industry. (05 遼寧)
A. work B. works C. is working D. has worked
8. Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lighting, I decided to do an experiment. (Unit16 Page 24 Reading)
Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite. (Unit16 Page 24 Reading)
To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are planted each year where possible. (Unit 19 Page45 Reading)
[考點] 句首動詞的形式
[歸納] 句首動詞的考查主要測試非謂語動詞以及祈使句的掌握情況。注意：句子是否是祈使句；非謂語動詞作狀語是否表目的，是正在發(fā)生還是已經(jīng)發(fā)生，是主動還是被動。
[高考鏈接]
1). _______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (05 全國卷)
A. Having waited B. Wait C. Waiting D. Waited
2). _______for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (06 福建)
A. Blame B. To be blamed C. To blame D. Blamed
3). _______ this cake, you will need 2 eggs. （05 全國卷II）
A. Make B. Making C. Having made D. To make
4). _______ straight on and you will see a church. You won’t miss it.
A. Go B. Going C. To go D. Having gone (05 湖北)
5). ______ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3769. (05 浙江)
A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out
6). ______ the employees' working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break. （07 上海春季）
A. Improving B. To improve C. Having improved D. Improved
9. Another journey of challenge and danger was about to begin. (Unit 17 Page 31 Reading)
[考點] 有后置定語的名詞短語作主語的主謂一致
[歸納] 有后置定語的名詞短語作主語時謂語應(yīng)與前面名詞保持一致
[高考鏈接]
1). The construction of the two new railway lines _______ by now. （2006陜西）
A. has completed B. have completed
C. have been completed D. has been completed
2). We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks _____
so small that a day is unimportant. (2007 湖南)
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
10. I had traveled just two hours one day when the windows increased so much that I had to put my tent up before the winds became too strong. (Unit17 Page 31 Reading)
[考點] when意為“這時”
[歸納] when意為“這時”，與之搭配的有3種：1.be about to do（正要去做）； 2. be doing（正在做）；3. had (just) done（剛做完）。
[高考鏈接] I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ________ I heard the steps. （06 湖南）
A. while B. when C. since D. after
11. I had to think of my family, which is very important to me, and do the right thing. I did so without regret. (Unit17 Page32 Reading)
[考點] so構(gòu)成的縮略句
[歸納] so構(gòu)成的縮略句可分為3類：1. so＋主語＋動詞 （表示進一步的肯定）； 2. so＋動詞＋主語（表示另外某人也怎么樣）； 3. 主語＋動詞＋so（表示某人按照…去做）。
[高考鏈接]
1). ---It’s burning hot today, isn’t it? ----Yes. ________ yesterday. (2006 福建)
A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it
2). ---I reminded you not to forget the appointment.
--- ____________. (06江西)
A. So you did B. So I do not C. So did you D. So do I
3). -Father, you promised! (05湖北)
-Well, _______. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.
A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did
12. In her television shows Oprah Winfrey makes it possible to talk about great moments and difficulties in people’s lives. (Unit17 Page34 Reading)
[考點] it作形式賓語
[歸納] it作形式賓語，真正的賓語可以是不定式、從句、名詞短語等。
[高考鏈接] As the busiest woman in Norton, she made_____ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.（2006湖南）
A. this B. that C. one D. it
13. New Zealand has a mild sea climate, while the north is subtropical. (Unit18 Page38 Reading)
While(盡管，雖然) there are many different interpretations of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal. （Unit21 Page59 Reading）
[考點] while作為連詞的用法
[歸納] while作為連詞有3種意思：“而；卻”、“當(dāng)…時”、“雖然”。
[高考鏈接]
1). I do very single bit of housework _______ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. (04 全國卷Ⅲ)
A. when B. however C. while D. although
2). _______ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. (04 江蘇)
A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless
14. The Maori were the earliest people to come to New Zealand. When they discovered it about 1,000 years ago, they called it Aotearoa. (Unit18 Page38 Reading)
[考點] it 與one用作代詞的區(qū)別
[歸納] it用作代詞指代某一具體的東西或事情，屬于同指， 且在口語
中可省略。而one作代詞時為類指。
[高考鏈接]
1). If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night. (06 全
國卷)
A. so B. that C. it D. them
2). I prefer a flat in Inverness to ______ in Perth, because I want to live near my Mom’s. （05 天津）
A. one B. it C. this D. the one
3). --- I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.
--- _______good. (06 湖北)
A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds
15. Future agriculture should depend on high technology as well as traditional methods. (Unit19 Page46 Reading)
[考點] depend用法
[歸納] depend構(gòu)成的短語搭配為depend on，無被動語態(tài)； 交際用語中it (all) depends意思為“（一切）視情況而定”。
[高考鏈接] ----How long are you staying?
----I don't know.___________. (04 江蘇)
A. That's OK B. Never mind C. It depends D. It doesn't matter
16. The temperature is controlled with computers, no matter how the
weather is outside.
[考點] no matter＋疑問詞
[歸納] no matter＋疑問詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，而whatever, whoever, wherever, however既能替代no matter＋疑問詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。
[高考鏈接]
1). This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, ________. （06陜西）
A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may cost
C. however much it may cost D. how may it cost
2). ____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.（06山東）
A. No matter what B. No matter which
C. Whatever D. whichever
3). You should try to get a good night’s sleep ______ much work you
have to do . (04 湖北)
A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever
17. Dating back to the Qin Dynasty (221-207BC), the traditional crosstalk shows, or xiangsheng shows, have made people all over China roar with laughter for centuries. (Unit20 Page53 Reading)
[考點] traditional與historic
[歸納] traditional意為“傳統(tǒng)的”；historic意為“歷史的”。
[高考鏈接]
In ______ Chinese culture, marriage decisions were often made by
parents for their children. (04 上海)
A. traditional B. historic C. remote D. initial
18. It is their clothes, make-up and the way they walk that make people laugh. (Unit20 Page52 Reading)
[考點] way后接定語從句
[歸納] way后接定語從句關(guān)系詞的選用分為2種情況：1. 關(guān)系詞在
定語從句充當(dāng)主語、賓語時用that或which 2. 關(guān)系詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語時用in which或that或不用。
[高考鏈接] It was not what you said but the way you spoke ______ surprised me.
A. in which ; what B. which ; that C. 不填；that D. that ; what
19. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. (Unit21 Page60 Reading)
[考點] get的常用短語
[歸納] get through意為“完成；接通電話”， get across意為“使了解；使信服”， get about意為“可以走動”， get away意為“走開；離開；脫身；逃脫”， get back意為“歸還；返回”。
[高考鏈接]
1). ---The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.
---Don’t worry. We have already two thirds of it. (06 四川)
A. got down B. got through C. given in D. given away
2). I couldn’t ______. The line was busy. (05 浙江)
A. go by B. go around C. get in D. get through
20. So if you want to know what it feels like to fall through the air, take off in a rocket, fly a helicopter or fight alien creatures in outer space, visit one of the theme parks in your area. If there isn’t one where you live yet, don’t worry, the theme parks are coming. (Unit22 Page67 Reading)
[考點] take的常用短語及現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊用法
[歸納] take短語的用法歷來是高考重要考查點，近5年來共考了7題。take off意為“脫掉（衣服等）；松開；帶走；走開；離開；起飛；取消”；take in意為“吸收”；take for意為“誤認(rèn)為”；take down意為“拿下；放下”。少數(shù)一些瞬間性動詞用進行時并不表動作正在進行，而是表示不久將要發(fā)生的事。
[高考鏈接] Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _______. (06 福建)
A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off