Unit 2 welcome to the unit ---- word power
1.universal adj.
the Universal Declaration of Human 世界人權(quán)宣言/ 宇宙的 ；全世界的
a universal rule 普遍規(guī)律/ 普通的；一般的；全體的=general
a universal meter 通用電表/ 通用的萬能的
Ex: 那年普遍干旱_________________________________________________.
足球是全球性的運(yùn)動___________________________________________.
2 witness
n.目擊者，證人，證據(jù)
A witness told the police how the fire started,
vt.目睹，目擊，作證，說明
He witnessed the accident on the highway.
Ex:
After the explosion,the policeman did a lot of work to find out some clues from the ____-
A.lookers-on B.viewers C.people D.witness
3.star n. the North/polar star北極星
a shooting star 流星
The sun is a star 、、、是恒星
a five pointed star 五角星/ [星狀物]
a film star [明星]
vt.
In the list the starred questions are the most difficult. (starred; starring) [常用被動態(tài)]用星（或星狀物）裝飾；加星號
an old film starring Charlie Chaplin 以、、、為主演
Ex: We know something about the play which ________ Wang Ji.
A. stars B. starring C.to star D.having starred
4.cast vt.及物動詞
vt. 投；拋；擲；脫落
-He shut me up in the copper jar and had it cast into the sea.
-他把我禁錮在壇子里，并叫人把壇子拋入大海。
-The fisherman cast his net into the water. -漁民把網(wǎng)撒在水里。
-The horse cast a shoe. -馬脫了蹄鐵。
選派演員，分派角色
He was cast for the part of Yang Zirong.他扮演楊子榮。
The part was cast to him.這個角色分配給他演。
5．be set in 以、、、為背景
The book is set in the 17th century Spain.這本書是以17世紀(jì)的西班牙為背景。
6．for the first time 第一次，首次，
the first time 第一次做某事的時候（引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句）
Ex:
________ (第一次) I went abroad.I could hardly understand what the foreigners said.
This is __________ (第二次)that you have been late this week.
This is the first time she had been out with him alone.=This is the first time _____ her being out with him alone.
7. take on 呈現(xiàn)出、、、；演繹
Her eyes took on a hurt expression 她的眼睛里流露出受委屈的神情
Ex:翻譯下列句子：
The company is taking on new staff.
He is always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.
Jackie Chen is going to take on the leading role in this movie.
8．be drunk with 醉心于、、、，對、、、癡迷，陶醉于、、、
He is drunk with success
Ex: translate:不要沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)。___________
They are drunk with making a fortune.____________
9.dare vt/vi
He dare speak in public.
He dare to speak in public.
Ex: The shy girl _____ dance before so many strangers, ______ she?
A.daren’t ;does B. daren’t ; dare C.doesn’t dare ; dare D.dare not; dares
10.exercise control over 對、、、實(shí)施控制，控制
We should think of a way to exercise control over our expenses.
Ex: 1）The pilot _______ _______ ________ (失去控制)the plane.
2)She managed to ________ _______ _______(控制住)her car on the ice.
3)She may be old ,but she is still _____ _____ (掌管)
Ex:翻譯1）He exercise his right as a citizen._____________
2）Teachers exercise authority.___________
11．terrify vt.恐嚇，使感到恐怖
The thunderstorm terrified the child.大雷雨把這孩子嚇壞了。
terrified adj.害怕的，嚇壞了的
The animals were terrified by the storm.動物被風(fēng)暴嚇壞了
They were terrified by his sudden appearance.他的突然出現(xiàn)，把他們嚇了一跳。
The children were terrified of being scolded.那孩子害怕挨罵。
12.threaten v. 恐嚇，威脅；預(yù)示、、、的兇兆；有、、、的危險
He threatened to make the phone public.
他恐嚇說要把那張照片公開。
The heavy black clouds threaten a storm.烏云密布預(yù)示著暴風(fēng)雨將到來。
The robber threatened me with a gun.
threaten sb with death用死威脅某人
threaten to do sth威脅要做謀事
Ex. 翻譯：他揚(yáng)言要辭職。______________
他沒有威脅的意思。_____________
Threaten peace_________
Threaten sb with death____________
13．condemn vt.判刑，處刑；聲討；譴責(zé)
Most people are willing to condemn violence of any sort as evil.
任何人都愿意把任何暴力行為視為惡行加以譴責(zé)。
Ex: The judge _______ him for fraud.
A. denounced B. condemned C. charged D. accused
Unit 2 Gramma---- Project
1.privilege n. 特權(quán)；特別待遇 vt.給予…特權(quán)
eg. It was a privilege to make his acquaintance.
翻譯句子：
1) 在許多國家，受教育是一種特權(quán)。
2 )與他交談是很榮幸的事。
2. voyage n. 航海旅行
指點(diǎn)迷津：
1） voyage指不論路程長短的水上或空中的旅行
2） journey一般指時間和距離都較長的陸路旅行，不含有回到原出發(fā)地的意思
3） trip指短距離的旅行，常回到原出發(fā)地
4） tour指周游或巡回旅行，常常是訪問一系列地方后又回到原出發(fā)地
5） travel泛指旅行這一行為過程。指具體的旅行時常用復(fù)數(shù)，用單數(shù)一般表示旅行的抽象概念
練習(xí)：
用voyage, journey, trip, tour或travel填空。
1） His parents are on a____ by ship now.
2） He made a __ around the Greek Island.
3） ____ in the mountains can be slow and dangerous.
4） Did you go to Pairs during your____?
3. play a role in 在…擔(dān)任…角色
eg. Helen wished to play the leading role part.
練習(xí)：
1） We don’t like her as she is always speaking highly of the role she___ in the groups.
A. makes B. plays C. takes D. acts
2) 翻譯句子 The question of cost will play an important role in our decision.
4. anchor v. 使固定，使穩(wěn)定；使停泊
短語：
be anchored in… 扎根于…之中
be at anchor 在停泊中
完成句子：
The large ship ___ ____ ____(停泊在) Huangpu River.
5. essential adj. 不可或缺的，極為重要的；根本的，本質(zhì)的
c.n. 常用復(fù)數(shù)，必需品，要素，要點(diǎn)
eg. Previous experience is not essential.
the essentials of maths 數(shù)學(xué)綱要
完成句子：
1） There is no___ ___(根本區(qū)別) between the two methods.
2） Sun and water are___ ___ ____ ____ ____ ____(是作物生長不可或缺的)。
6．decline n. 衰弱，減退，減少（常用單數(shù)）
v. 拒絕，謝絕；衰落，減弱
用法拓展：
decline sth. 謝絕…..
decline to do sth. 謝絕做…
on the decline 衰退中，走下坡的
完成句子：
1） There has been___ ____ ____(逐漸減少) in the population of the town.
2） He___ ____ ____(拒絕回答) my question.
7. intend v. 打算, 想，意圖是
用法拓展：
1） intend to do sth.
intend sb. to do sth.
intend + that 從句（從句用虛擬語氣）
2) intended to have done 本來打算做
練習(xí)：
1． 句型轉(zhuǎn)換
They intended the plan to be put into practice.
= They intend that the plan___ ___ ___ into practice.
2.翻譯句子
His good intentions were repaid by good results.
8.break up v. 分解，拆散
短語歸納：
break out （戰(zhàn)爭，火災(zāi)）爆發(fā)
break in 闖入，插入
break off 使終止，打斷
break into 闖入，打斷（帶賓語）
break through 出現(xiàn)；突破
break down 分散，拆散；壞了；身體垮下來
單選：
1） You will___ sonner or later if you keep working like that.
A. break off B. break down C. break into D. break out
2) Can he___ away from old habits?
A. do B. put C. take D. break
9. appeal n.v. 呼吁；懇求；訴諸，求助
用法：
1) appeal to sb. for sth.
appeal to sb. to do sth. 懇求某人做某事
2） appeal to 訴諸…
用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空
1． The idea appealed___ Mary.
2． These subjects have lost their appeal___ most students.
3． He made one last appeal___ his father to forgive him.
省略
省略是英語中的一種避免重復(fù)，突出關(guān)鍵詞語，并使上下文緊密連接的語法手段。英語中，省略的原則是既不損害語法結(jié)構(gòu)，同時又不能產(chǎn)生歧義。
1． 不使用替代詞的省略
（1） 省略主語
I have done more than (what ) is required.
(You) Open the window and the door for me,please.
（2） 省略主謂語或主謂語的一部分
Why (do) not (you) say goodbye to your lovely cousin ?
(Are you ) Ready ?Try to answer these questions in your own words.
（3） 省略賓語
---Which of them is better ?
---Well,it is hard to tell (which of them is better).
（4） 省略表語
---Are you hungry ?
---Yes, I am (hungry).
（5） 省略所有格后面的名詞
Jack and his sister stayed in his uncle’s(home) during the summer vacation.
The girl’s handwriting is much better than his brother’s (handwriting).
（6） 省略定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞
關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在定語從句中作賓語時通常都可以省略。如：
The book (that) he bought last week is written by Guo Jingming.
Here is the wonderful book (which )I have read many times.
The man (whom) you had said hello to was my English teacher.
（7） 不定式中的省略
a 英語中為避免重復(fù)，經(jīng)常省略上下文已提到的動詞原形，只保留不定式中的
小品詞to；這類動詞有：expect,forget,hope,intend,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,
wish,would like和love等。如：
She asked me to dance with her,but I didn’t want to (dance with her).
---Do you want to give us a lecture about how to use an English dictionary ?
---No,I prefer not to (give a lecture about how to use an English dictionary)
b 在have to,need,ought to,be going to,used to等后省略動詞。如：
I really didn’t want to go there with him,but I had to (go there with him).
c 在某些形容詞等后省略后面的動詞。如：
---Will you join in our discussion ?
---I’ll be glad to (join in your discussion).
d 如果不定式中帶有be,have,have been等，通常保留be,have,have been。如：
---Did he pass the driving test ?
---No,but he ought to have (passed the driving test).
2．使用替代詞的省略
（1） 通常情況下，在省略了某個詞、短語或句子時，還需要用某個替代詞。常用的
替代詞有：do /does /did,so,not,neither,nor和the same等。
用助動詞do /does /did來替代上下文出現(xiàn)的動詞，以免重復(fù)。如：
She speaks English more fluently than her elder sister does.
（2） 用so可替代單詞、短語或句子，作believe,be afraid,expect,do,fear,hope,suppose,
say,think 等的賓語。如：
---Will it be fine tomorrow ?
---I hope so. (I hope that it will be fine tomorrow.)
3. 常見的省略結(jié)構(gòu)
（１）在虛擬條件句中，當(dāng)助動詞為were,had,should等時，連詞if可省略，但were,
had和should等需要倒裝到主語的前面。如：
Had I had time,I would have gone shopping with you.
Were I you, I would go there and help him.
Should the teacher have time next week,he would come to the party.
（２）如果狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致，并且從句的謂語部分有be動詞，則可以將從句的主語連同be動詞一起省略。引導(dǎo)這類主語從句的連詞有：when,while,though,if和unless等。如：
The old woman was knocked down while (she was)crossing the street.
The little girl began to cry when (she was) asked by the police.
（３）有些狀語從句中，如果從句的主語是it，其后的be動詞及其主語可以一起省略。這種結(jié)構(gòu)通常為if it is possible,when it is necessary等。:如：
Please try to finish your homework by yourself if (it is) possible.
We’ll have the old house pulled down when (it is) necessary.
（４）在作狀語的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，分詞短語往往可以部分被省略。如：
The work (having been)done,the secretary left the office and went home.
The weather (being)fine,we decided to go on a picnic on the beach.
（５） 由and連接的that引導(dǎo)的兩個從句，第二個that不能省略。如：
The teacher told me (that) I had passed the driving test and that I could have a rest
the next day.
【考考你】
一、 單項(xiàng)填空
1．--Do you think it will snow tomorrow ?
-- _______.
A.I don’t think B.No,I don’t think C.I don’t think so D.No,I don’t
2. –Will you go home tomorrow evening ?
--No.I am going to a lecture,or at least,I am planning _____.
A.it B.on C.so D.to
3.Edward became a good football player _____ in college.
A.when B.because C.as soon as D.even though
4.____ green ,the door might look more beautiful.
A.You painted B.If painted C.To paint D.Have it painted
5.What surprised me was not what he said but ____ he said it.
A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which
6.---You should have given them some advice.
-- _______.But who care what I offered ?
A.So it was B.So I should C.So I did D.So should you
7.-I would never come to this restaurant again.The food here is terrible!
-- _____.
A.Nor am I B.Neither would I C.Same with me D.So do I
8.-Would you like to have some cakes ?
--thank you._________.
A.I’d like to B.I’d like to have C.I’m full D.I’d better to home
9.The teacher told us to remain silent unless ________.
A.to be asked B.being asked C.asked D.you asked
10.-(asking a patient) ________ ?
--Much better.
A.Are you feeling better today B.Better today
C.How are you feeling today D.Above all
11.-You should have thanked her before you left .
--I meant _____,but I couldn’t find here anywhere when I was leaving.
A.to do B.to C.doing D.doing so
12._________it snow tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will
13.I ______and will never ask suvh a silly question.
A.have never B.never C.have asked D.have never asked
14.-Did Jane pick up some Russian when she was on business abroad ?
--I imagine _____.
A.that B.she was C.so D.it
15.She opened her mouth as if _____something important.
A.saying B.to say C.having said D.to have said
16.-She must look like a very pretty girl.
--Yes,I imagine _____.
A.to B.that C.it D.so
17.---Everyone says you are a good employee.You never make a mistake,do you ?
---_______ .
A.Yes,never B.Yes,sometimes C.No,sometimes D.Oh,really
18.One of the sides of the paper should be painted yellow ,and ______.
A.the other is white B.another white C.the other white D.another is white
19.--Who has been planning the summer camp ?
--Everyone in the class ________.
A.is B.have C.has D.are
20.-She’s not an English teacher,is she ?
-- _________________.
A.Yes,and she isn’t B.Yes,but she was
C.No,but she isn’t D.No,but she was
21.If the weather is fine,I’ll wash my clothes.If _____,______.
A.not;not B.no;no C.not;no D.no;not
22.John plays football ______,if not better than,David.
A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as
23.-Mary is not coming tonight.
--But she ______.
A.promises B.promised C.will promise D.had promised
24.-Have you found the dog ?
--_________.
A.I am B.I’m C.I’m just going to D.I’m just going
25.The twins are different in appearance but _____in characteristics.
A.not B.no C.aren’t D.don’t.
二、 將下列句子改寫為省略句
1． You come this way,please.
2． I beg your pardon .
3． She works harder at English than I work.
4． Is there anybody you want to see ?
5． Why don’t you go picknicking with us in the mountain ?
6． You may go with us if you want to go.
7． Mary likes reading better than she likes going to parties.
8． What a pity it is you can’t come with us !
9． I will go to the party unless I am invited.
10. Unless it is necessary,you’d better not refer to the dictionary.
11. Get up early tomorrow.If you don’t get up early,you will miss the first bus.
12. --I didn’t go to see our former teacher while I was in Shanghai.
--But I think you should have gone to see him.
三、 看看省略了什么，寫出完整的句子。
1.Beg your pardon .
2.Sounds like a wonderful idea.
3.No wonder he can play computer so well.
4.This way,please.
5.Any more questions ?
6.Sorry to have kept you waiting for so long a time.
7.Going to Science Museum with me this afternoon?
8.Got to go now.
四、 單句改錯
1. Why not asking me about it ?
2. How about go to Shenzhen for our holidays ?
3. Though tiring,he kept on working.
4. When first introducing to the market,these products enjoyed great success.
5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to do.
6. If giving the same treatment again,he is sure to get well.
7. –You should have seen her off at the airport yesterday.
--I meant to do,but I had to attend an important conference.
8. --Did you enjoy the performance last night ?
--Yes, I do enjoy it.
9．I asked him to see the film,but he didn’t want to see.
10. –Did he tell you that the meeting was put off ?
--No,but he ought to.
11. After killed,he was thrown away into the river.
12. I don’t know whether he has passed the exam.If is so,I’ll be very glad.
單詞拼寫
根據(jù)所給單詞的首字母及漢語意思完成句子。
1.Music has been called ‘the u language’ because people do not need to speak the same language to understand it.
2.The film (由……主演)of the world’s greatest film stars.
3,Shylock was a c moneylender,who was always cruel to the people who borrowed money from him.
4.He was found guilty and c to death.
5.Big Joe Tuner never achieved much fame when he was alive mainly because there was still racial d in the USA then.
6.The film is a (令人心碎的)love story.
7．That man is with（醉心于）power.
8.Princess Turandot (折磨)Liu , and Liu kills herself.
9．She speaks (流利的) Italian.
10．An orchestra is a group of m that mostly play classic music.
11.Brought up by his grandmother, Tom felt a great a for her.
12.If the factory is closed,many people will face u .
13.She went live abroad after the break-up of her (婚姻).
14.The pain caused the boy to cry (大聲地).
15.Rain and snow are (現(xiàn)象) of the weather.
16．Not only did she speak (正確地),but she spoke easily.
17．When she came out of the water ,she was t with cold.
18.All the while she was (使……感到恐懼) by the fear that she had cancer.
19.I don’t think he is the kind of person to say (惱人的) things.
20．A chemist can separate a medicine into it’s (成份).
21．The (員工) has been greatly increased this year in our department.
22．As one grows older one’s memory d .
23.My parents hired a private t to help me with my English.
24.The v from England to India used to take six months.
25.Music has little (吸引力) for me.
26．Every citizen has the p of equality.
27.He looked at her with a m of admiration and curiosity.
28.Bill spent two weeks in the hospital r his strength after the operation.
29.After months of overworking, Jack was suffering from m and physical exhaustion.
30.As he pushed her, she (搖擺) higher and higher.
短語和句子
一．翻譯下列短語
1.世界語言 2.五顏六色的服裝和臉譜
3.弦樂器 4八場演出的首場
5.歌劇演唱家 6.在他生命的最后時期
7.以日本為背景 8.對――完美的
9.覆蓋著紅色和金色的裝飾鑲板
10.在一段感人的獨(dú)唱表演中
11.把他的未來托付給某人之手
12.---的關(guān)鍵要素 13.故事的背景
14.領(lǐng)取失業(yè)救濟(jì)金 15.人事部
16.首張專輯 17.流行歌曲排行榜上的冠軍
18.醉心于―－沉溺于―― 19.對―――實(shí)施控制
20.食言、收回承諾 21.被處死
22.申請 23.民歌
24.扎根于――之中 25.種族歧視
26.發(fā)財(cái)、賺錢 27.征召―――入伍
28.解散、解體、分手 29.從搖擺樂到搖滾樂
30.巡回演唱他們的老歌
二．完成句子
1.幾位世界頂級歌唱家擔(dān)當(dāng)主演，許多中國音樂家也參加了演出。
It _________ some of the world`s greast singers. Many Chinese _________ were also _______.
2.它變成了一個美麗而令人心醉的愛情故事的發(fā)生地。
It has been _________ _________the _______ ________a beautiful and ________ love story.
3.不可能有比這更好的場景了。
There ________ _________ be a __________ setting.
4.故事隨后演繹了發(fā)生在卡拉夫、圖蘭朵和柳兒三人之間的經(jīng)典三角戀情。
The story then _________ ________ a classic love ________ _______ Calaf、Turandot and Liu.
5.圖蘭朵不顧一切地想知道他的名字，她威脅、恐嚇柳兒。
Turandot is ________ ________ learn his name and _________ and _________ lLiu
6.歌劇在一段美妙的終曲二重唱中結(jié)束。
The opera __________ __________ a beautifully- _________ final _________.
7.他稱得上是最受歡迎的作曲家之一。
He __________ his _________ as one of the most popular composers.
8.這次表演讓我激動得屏住呼吸。
The performance left me ____________ _____________ excitement.
Answers:
welcome to the unit ---word power
1. The drought is universal that year. ;Football is a universal game.
2. D 3.A. 6.The first time ; the second time;of 7.那家公司正在招人，你可以去試一試。；他總是樂于挑重?fù)?dān)。；成龍將在這部影片中扮演主角。8.Don’t be drunk with network . 他們醉心于發(fā)財(cái)致富。9.B 10.Lost control of; keep control of; in control 他行使公民權(quán)。；教師對學(xué)生進(jìn)行管束。12.He threatened to resign.; He doesn’t mean to threaten.; 威脅和平； 用死來威脅某人13.B
Grammar--- project
1． Education is a privilege in many countries.
To talk with him is a privilege.
2.voyage, trip, travel, travels 3.B 成本問題將在決策中起很重要的作用。
4.was at anchor 5.essential difference essential to the growth of crops
6. a gradual decline declined to answer
7. should be put 他的善意得到了善報(bào)。
8．B D 9．to , for, to
省略
一、 單項(xiàng)填空
1----5CDABA 6----10CBCCD 11---15BBDCB
16---20DBCCD 21---25ABBCA
二、 將下列句子改寫為省略句
1.This way,please. 2.Pardon.
3.She works harder at English than I.
4.Anybody you want to see?
5.Why not go picnicking with us in the mountain?
6.You may go with us if you want to.
7.Mary likes reading better than going to parties.
8.What a pity you can’t come with us !
9.I will not go to the party unless invited.
10.Unless necessary,you’d better not refer to the dictionary.
11.Get up early tomorrow.If not,you will miss the first bus.
12.-I didn’t go to see our former teacher while in Shanghai.
--But I think you should have.
三、 看看省略了什么，寫出完整的句子
1.I beg your pardon.
2.It sounds like a wonderful idea.
3.It’s no wonder he can play computer so well.
4.come this way,please.
5.Do you have any more questions ?
6.I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long a time.
7.Are you going to the Science Museum with me this afternoon?
8.We / I have got to go now.
四、 單句改錯
1. Why not ask me about it ?
2.How about going to Shenzhen for our holidays ?
3.Though tired,he kept on working.
4When first introduced to the market,these products enjoyed great success.
5The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him not to .
6.If given the same treatment again,he is sure to get well.
7.–You should have seen her off at the airport yesterday.
--I meant to ,but I had to attend an important conference.
8.--Did you enjoy the performance last night ?
--Yes, I did enjoy it.
9．I asked him to see the film,but he didn’t want to .
10. –Did he tell you that the meeting was put off ?
--No,but he ought to have.
11. After being killed,he was thrown away into the river.
12. I don’t know whether he has passed the exam.If so,I’ll be very glad.
單詞拚寫
1.universal 2.stars 3.cold-hearted 4.condemned 5.discrimination 6.heartbreaking 7.drunk 8.tortures 9.fluent 10.musicians 11.affection 12.unemployment 13.marriage 14.aloud 15.phenomena 16.correctly 17.trembling 18.terrified 19.disturbing 20.components 21.pesonnel 22.declines 23.tutor 24.voyage 25.appeal 26.privilege 27.mixture 28.regaining 29.mental 30.swung
短語翻譯
1.the universal language 2.colourful costumes and face paint
3.string instrument 4.the first of only 8 performances
5.opera singer 6.towards the end of his life
7.be set in Japan 8.be perfect for
9. decorated panels covered with red and gold
10.in a moving solo performance
11.leave his future in one`s hands 12.the key components of
13.the setting for the story 14.collect unemployment benefits
15.Personnel Department 16.the first album
17.a number one hit on the pop charts 18.be drunk with
19.exercise control over 20.break one`s promise
21.be condemned to death 22.apply for
23.folk song 24.be anchored in
25.racial discrimination 26.make a fortune
27.be drafted into 28.break up
29.from swing music to rock and roll
30.tour and perform their old music
完成句子
1.starred musicians cast 2.transformed into location for heartbreaking
3.could not better 4.takes on triangle featuring
5.desperate to threatens terrifies 6.finishes with sung duet
7.deserves status 8.breathless with