重點(diǎn)短語：
1 raise(=grow) wheat種小麥 raise(=keep) pigs養(yǎng)豬raise(=bring up) a family養(yǎng)家糊口
2 feed a dog on bones給狗喂骨頭 a dog feeds on（lives on）bones.狗以骨頭為食
3 As far as I can see/As far as I’m concerned=In my opinion=From my point of view就我看
as long as/on condition that/only if /provided (that)…只要
as good as dead/new…像死了一樣，像新的一樣
as soon as/no sooner…than/hardly…when…一…就…
as…as possible=as…as one can盡可能地
A as well as B不但B,而且A也
4 bring in(=introduce) advanced technology 引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)bring in(make money) profi賺利潤
另有：bring out拿出;出版（書籍），推出（新產(chǎn)品）; 顯現(xiàn)出,使發(fā)揮出
bring up養(yǎng)育（孩子）；提出（話題） bring in引進(jìn)（技術(shù)）；賺入（錢）
bring about導(dǎo)致，促成 bring back帶回；歸還；恢復(fù)；使憶起
5 depend on/rely on/count on sb to do/doing依賴，依靠某人做
6 (a)lack/shortage of arable land 缺乏可耕地
7 in other words換句話說 in a word總之Word came that… 消息傳來
eat one’s words收回所說的話 keep one’s word 遵守諾言
have words with同某人吵架 have a word with sb同某人說句話
8 go against nature違背自然 be against反對(duì)
9 pass love on把愛傳遞 pass traditons down from generation to generation把傳統(tǒng)代代下傳
重點(diǎn)句子：
1 It’s on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population.
2 To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are planted .
3 Not only is food production important but also taking care of the environment.
注意：1.not only…but also…前后連接兩個(gè)句子時(shí)，not only后的句子要用部分倒裝，但but also后的分句不用倒裝。如：
eg,Not only did he come, but he saw her.
eg,Not only does she speak Spanish, (but) she also knows how to type.
2.由下列詞語連接的并列主語,謂語動(dòng)詞就近原則： there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；not only..but also…;whether…or；not…but 等等。
�、賅hat he does or what he says does not concern me .
②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都沒錯(cuò)。
�、跱ot you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父親該受責(zé)備。
④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不僅你錯(cuò)了，他也錯(cuò)了。
對(duì)比：就遠(yuǎn)原則，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面主語一致
代表詞匯：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from….
eg,He rather than I is right.
eg,John as well as you is wrong.
eg,The captain with his men was saved.
eg,Nobody but two students is in the classroom.
Unit 20 Humor
重點(diǎn)短語：
1 tongue twister繞口令
2 (sb)intend to do意圖，打算去做
had intended to do=intended to have done本打算做，但通常未能
eg,I had intended to buy her a bottle of perfume,but later I changed my mind.
（sth）be intended/designed/meant for專為…而設(shè)計(jì)的，專供…使用的
eg,a book intended for young children 一本專供幼兒閱讀的書
（sth）be intended/designed/meant to do 其目的是，旨在…
eg,Such a skeme is intended to help the unemployed.這個(gè)方案旨在幫助失業(yè)人員。
with the intention/purpose of doing sth目的是
eg,I joined the club with the purpose of building up my body.
have no intention of doing sth不打算，不想
eg,I have no intention of helping him after what he said to me.
3 cross-dressing men 著異性服裝的人，男扮女裝的人
4 roar/howl with laughter狂笑，大笑
5 entertain the audience with crosstalk用相聲逗樂觀眾
6 date back to/date from 追溯到
up to date最新的,時(shí)髦的 反義：out of date過時(shí)的
eg,We must keep our weapons up to date.我們必須使武器現(xiàn)代化。
eg,The computer we’ve just bought is up to date.
(注意：用作定語時(shí)up-to-date/out-of-date) eg, an up-to-date timetable最新的時(shí)間安排表
to date=by far/up to now到目前為止eg,We haven’t got any further information to date.
have a date with sb同某人約會(huì)
7 appreciate sb/sth 賞識(shí)某人某事 appreciate sb=show thanks/gratitude to sb感激某人
I would appreciate it if….如果…，我將不勝感激
8 enrich one’s life/one’s knowledge/a country豐富自身的生活，知識(shí)，使國家富裕
9 a flaming/heated argument一場激烈的辯論
a burning question/issue當(dāng)務(wù)之急，急待解決的問題
a howling storm 狂風(fēng)暴雨
10 in one’s forties 在某人40歲的時(shí)候 in the 1940s 在20世紀(jì)40年代
11 be on good terms with sb=get along well with sb與某人關(guān)系不錯(cuò)
come to terms with甘心忍受，屈服
in the long/short term從長期、短期來看 in terms of 就…而言
12 cut in插嘴；（突然）強(qiáng)行超車
eg,The moment I began to speak,he cut in=break in .
eg,Don’t cut in(=break in) on our conversation.
eg,The idiot cut in right in front of me.這個(gè)笨蛋把車強(qiáng)行插到我的正前方。
13 in the other direction朝另一個(gè)方向 in the opposite direction朝相反的方向
in all directions朝四面八方 sail in the direction from which the wind comes逆風(fēng)而行
eg,I received inquries about the matter from all directions.
我從四面八方接到了有關(guān)這件事情的咨詢。
follow one’s directions/instructions聽從某人的指示，吩咐
follow the directions/instructions遵從（產(chǎn)品）的指示，說明
under one’s direction在某人的指示下，指揮下,管理下 eg,We did the work under his direction.
14 the traffice lights had turned red. 變色
He has just turned 40.（年齡）到40歲 It’s just turned 3 o’clock. （時(shí)間）到3點(diǎn)鐘
Sb turned author.(became an author)后來成為作家
15 lay sth down 把…放下 lay eggs下蛋，產(chǎn)卵 lay emphasis/stress on強(qiáng)調(diào)
lay a plan/a schedule/a trap制定計(jì)劃，進(jìn)程表，設(shè)下圈套 lay the table擺好餐桌（準(zhǔn)備開飯）
16 drive off （車）開走 eg,After the accident,the car just drove off.
驅(qū)趕，擊退eg,We keep the dogs just to drive off the invaders.
17 knock 2 people off their bicycles把人從自行車上撞下 knock sb/sth over把…撞翻
knock sb unconscious/senseless擊昏某人 knock sb down(駕車)把人撞倒
knock down(=tear/pull down)a building拆毀
18 the newly-born baby新生嬰兒 the newly-married couple新婚夫婦
19 in surprise=surprisedly in total silence=silently
20 look on the whole matter as a great joke.把整件事情看作上天開的玩笑
21 for a moment有一會(huì)兒 for the moment暫時(shí)，目前 at this/that moment在此時(shí)，在那時(shí)
in a momentf(very soon)立刻，馬上 wait/just a moment請(qǐng)稍候
the moment(that)sb did…=as soon as…某人一做…就…
22 be angry/pleased/strict with sb對(duì)某人生氣，高興，嚴(yán)厲
23 make jokes about /play jokes on開…的玩笑
24 I dare say(口語)我相信eg,I dare say things will improve. I dare you!（口語）我諒你不敢！
How dare you….! 你竟敢 eg,How dare you accuse me of lying!你竟敢指責(zé)我撒謊！
25 get/be confused/puzzled 困惑，迷惑 take on a confused look表現(xiàn)出困惑的表情
a confusing situation令人困惑的局面
重點(diǎn)句子：
1 What comedians have in common with players is their way of playing with words.
2 Dating back to the Qin Dynasty,the traditional crosstalk shows, have made people all over China roar with laughter for centuries.
3 Skilled artists make use of all the richness of the spoken language to create a rapid flow of fun.
有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的藝人利用豐富多彩的語言來創(chuàng)造出連綿不斷的樂趣。
4 If you are not fluent in Chinese,you will not catch all of it.
5 The story of how I got my job,and came to be on such good terms with my boss is a funny one.
6 A yellow car passed me and suddenly cut in right in front of me,as there was another car coming in the other direction.
7 I went on shouting at him while everyone was looking at him.
8 The last time we met I did most of the talking,so perhaps I should let you do the talking this time.
9 I was pleased that the manager had decided not to be angry with me for having been so rude.