1.vacation(Am. E) n.假期，休假（常用單數(shù)）不指假日或節(jié)日
holiday(Br.E)n. 既可指假期，也可指節(jié)假日可說a holiday/ holidays
leave n. 指雇員有理由而獲準(zhǔn)的假期，多指病假或事假
the summer holidays= the summer vacation
on holiday/ on vacation在度假
go on holidays去度假
take a holiday/ vacation休假
ask for leave請(qǐng)假
ask for sick leave請(qǐng)病假
take a day off請(qǐng)一天假
In order to win the game,he had to ask the director for half a month’s __A___.
A.leave B.vacation C.holiday D.stay
2.expect
than expected省略they are ‘比預(yù)料中’
a)expect有時(shí)用在than或as引導(dǎo)的從句中
You arrived earlier than I had expected.
“預(yù)料,期待,指望”,后接名,代,動(dòng)詞不定式或從句
I expect that he will pass the exam.
None of us expected it.
We are expecting a telegram.
Mother expects you to come back as soon as possible.
expect 可譯做“期待”,它側(cè)重于人的心理狀態(tài),而不是動(dòng)作
wait(for) 等待,側(cè)重指動(dòng)作
Why didn’t you come yesterday? We all expected you.
I’ll wait for you at the entrance to the cinema.
-Do you think the Rocket will beat the Bulls?
-Yes. They have better players, so I __C_ them to win.
A. hope B.prefer C.expect D.want
3.The curtains are closed and the living room is dark when Mom and Dad enter.
enter (vi.) (vt.) come or go in or into
進(jìn)來之前請(qǐng)先敲門.
You should knock the door before you enter.
小偷從后門進(jìn)入了大樓.
The thieves entered the building through the back door.
I entered my own data into the computer.
write information寫下或輸入
Our teacher entered me for the English competition.
make… take part in幫某人報(bào)名參加
The two old men entered into a long discussion.
begin doing sth.開始某事
4.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事=be anxious to do sth
I can’t wait to see her again.
be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
desire to do sth 希望做某事
look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
He is eager to succeed.
We greatly desired to come to China.
They are looking forward to hearing from you soon.
5.She looks so young,but __A_,she is the mother of two children.
A.to the surprise of me
B.to the surprise
C.for my surprise
D.with her surprise
to one’s surprise=to the surprise of sb令某人驚訝的是。。。
6.followed:
Eric ran in, followed by a big dog.
following:
Eric ran in, following a big dog.
as follows:
The reasons are as follows: …
The boy spent the night _locked (lock) in the room.
He sat in the centre of the room, crying (cry)sadly.
_D__ by all the relatives,the old woman entered the room,____.
A.Followed;cried
B.Following;crying
C.Following;cried
D.Followed;crying
7.frightened
He was frightened to death when he heard the news.
frightening
He was frightened by the frightening noise.
Mr Smith,__A_ of the ____ speech,started to read a novel.
A.tired,boring B.tiring,bored C.tired,bored D.tiring,boring
8.suppose vt. /vi.
suppose + pron/ 從句/ 復(fù)合賓語(to be/adj./介詞短語)
I suppose him honest.= I suppose that he is honest.= I suppose him to be honest.
I suppose him in the office.
-Do you suppose he will come to our party?
---Yes, I suppose so.
---No, I suppose not./ No, I don’t suppose so.
Suppose you had one million dollars, what would you do ?
Supposing it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?
假定，假設(shè)=if
be supposed to do 應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)
我們不準(zhǔn)把手機(jī)帶進(jìn)課堂。
We are not supposed to bring cell-phones in class.
你們本應(yīng)該明天回來的呀。
You were supposed to come back tomorrow.
9.gone adj.作表語或補(bǔ)語“走了，遺失了，沒有了”
My dictionary is gone. Do you know where it is?
They ’ve been gone for two hours already.
go 為不及物動(dòng)詞，它的過去分詞只表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或表示狀態(tài)，不表示被動(dòng)。
gone不能作前置定語，作前置定語常用lost或missing
意為“丟了的，不見了的”
Have you found the lost/missing child?
10.what… do with =how …deal with
你把我的字典搞哪去了？
What have you done with my dictionary?
=How have you dealt with my dictionary?
他不知道這個(gè)難題如何處理，于是向父親求助。
He didn’t know what to do with the problem, so he turned to his father for help.
He didn’t know how to deal with the problem, so he turned to his father for help.
It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _C____.
A.it what to do with B.what to do it with
C.what to do with it D.to do what with
You’ll have to do with what you’ve got; there isn’t any more. 和can等連用，“有…就行了，湊合用”
I can’t do with loud noise. 和can’t連用，“受不了”
11.mess
你的房間雜亂不堪，請(qǐng)把它打掃干凈。
Your room is (in) a mess. Please tidy it.
You‘ve made a mess of the job.
你把這件事辦得一塌糊涂
12With+復(fù)合賓語，即with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
He fell asleep with all the windows closed. with+n./pron.+分詞
He was fast asleep with his mouth open. with+n./pron.+adj.
He stood there with his hand in his pocket. with+n./pron.+prep phrase
They sat in silence with the light on for half an hour. with+n./pron.+ adv.
With no one to talk to, he felt bored. with+n./pron.+動(dòng)詞不定式
She died with her son yet a school boy. with+n./pron.+n.
13.leave
Don’t leave all the windows open.
He left all the lights on when he went out.
Don’t leave me to explain it to them.
She left me waiting in the rain.
Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered.
14.in charge (of)
Tom負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工作。
Tom is in charge of the job. /Tom takes charge of the job.
in/under the charge of = in/under sb’s charge
這項(xiàng)工作是由Tom負(fù)責(zé)的。
The job is in the charge of Tom.
Zia __A__ the company after his father retired.
A.took charge of
B.left charge of
C.put in charge of
D.face a charge of
15.behave vi. behavior n.
behave well (badly) towards sb.
She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.
16.go link v. 變得（常指變壞，不好的狀態(tài)）
Life was so hard that he often went hungry at that time.
go bad/gray/mad/blind…
On hearing the bad news, she nearly went mad.
These apples have gone bad.
17.deserve vt. 應(yīng)受, 值得+n./pron./to do
One good turn deserves another. 善有善報(bào)
A lot of students copy homework and this deserves our attention.
那么自私的人不配受到尊敬。
Such a selfish man doesn’t deserve to be respected.
18.be hard on 對(duì)...刻薄/苛刻
Don’t be so hard on such a little child.
19.now (that) 既然…引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語從句，引導(dǎo)的從句常放在語氣比because弱
既然大家都來了，我們上課吧
Now (that) everyone is here, let’s begin our class.
既然他不能去，我們只好不帶他去了。
Now (that) he can’t go, we have to go without him.
__A you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A.Now that B.After
C.Although D.As soon as
20.feel like “感覺，想做”，后跟從句、名詞、動(dòng)名詞
Do you feel like taking a walk (take a walk)?
我想喝罐可樂。
I feel like drinking a bottle/can of cola.