高二英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)提綱
M5U2 The environment
Words(Ⅰ)
課前導(dǎo)學(xué)
一、查字典或工具書(shū)，填寫(xiě)下列詞性變化：
1.environment (n.)→ (adj.) 2.preservation n.→ (v.)
3.industrial (adj.) → (n.) 4.poisonous (adj.)→___________(n/v.)
5.pollution (n.)→__________(v.) 6.production (n.)→_____________(v.)
7.beneficial(adj.)→__________(n.) 8.responsibility(n.) →___________(adj.)
9.effective(adj.) →___________(n.) 10.inspection (n.)→_____________(v.)
11.economy(n.) →___________(adj.) 12.destruction(n.) → ____________(v.)
二、根據(jù)wordlist填寫(xiě)下列短語(yǔ)：
1.自由發(fā)言________________ 2.另外
3.削減 4.用完 ___________________
5.對(duì)…關(guān)心________________ 6.對(duì)… 負(fù)責(zé)________________
7.掃除_____________________ 8. 砍倒_____________________
質(zhì)疑討論 請(qǐng)?zhí)岢鲱A(yù)習(xí)中存在的問(wèn)題。
1.______________________________________________________________________
2.______________________________________________________________________
拓展延伸
1.debate vi./n. 辯論，爭(zhēng)辯，爭(zhēng)論
debate with sb. about/on sth._____________ hold a debate ___________
beyond debate ______________ under debate ___________
1)We are _______________or not to have a trip this summer.
我們盤(pán)算著今年夏天是否去旅游。
2) She debated with herself for a while, and then picked up the phone.
辨析debate, argue, discuss
debate 指正式辯論，著重雙方“雙方各抒己見(jiàn)”
argue 著重“說(shuō)理，爭(zhēng)論”和“企圖說(shuō)服”
discuss 著重“討論，磋商”
3) We ____________with the waiter about the price of the meal.
我們跟服務(wù)員爭(zhēng)執(zhí)那頓飯的錢(qián)。
4) Have you _________ the problem with anyone?
你與誰(shuí)商量過(guò)這個(gè)問(wèn)題？
5) We _________ the proposal for three days.
那個(gè)建議我們辯論了三天
2. lay vt./vi. 產(chǎn)卵，下蛋; 放置，擺放
lay eggs 產(chǎn)卵，下蛋 lay aside 留存，儲(chǔ)蓄
lay off 解雇 lay out 布置，安排
1）How many eggs does the hen lay each week?
2) She laid her hand on my shoulder.
3)The couple laid aside some money for their old age.
4)Some workers were laid off because of a shortage of materials.
辨析：
動(dòng)詞原形 過(guò)去式 過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞 意義
lay
lie
lie
5)Please _______ the book where it _______. 請(qǐng)把書(shū)放在原來(lái)的地方
6)The little boy lied that he had laid the egg laid by the hen lying under the tree in the box.
3.approach vt./vi. （時(shí)間，距離）接近；著手處理
n. 【U】靠近，接近 【C】通道，入口；方法，途徑
an approach to (doing) sth. …的通道，入口；解決…的方法
1)The little boy approached the mouse quietly and watched it.
2) As summer approached, the weather became hotter and hotter.
3)He is rather difficult to approach.
＝It’s not easy to get on friendly terms with him.
4)The _________of the examination made him nervous.
考試的臨近使他很緊張。
5).My class teacher is easy of approach. 容易接近的
4. beneficial adj. “有益的，有利的”
benefit vt./vi. 有益于；對(duì)……有益，因……得到利益
be beneficial to=be of benefit to 對(duì)……有幫助的
for the benefit of 為了……的利用
Sb. benefits from sth. Sth benefits sb.
1)Enough sleep, good food and some exercise ___________ the health. （對(duì)…有益處）
2)These collected money will be used ____________ the people from flood-stricken areas. (為了…的利益)
3)The project for environmental protection will benefit us enormously.
4) I benefit a lot_______ my teacher’s advice.
5. situation n. 形式，情形
meet the situation 應(yīng)對(duì)形勢(shì) save the situation 挽救形勢(shì)
1)___________________has undergone great changes since then.
從那時(shí)以來(lái)，世界形勢(shì)已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了巨大的變化。
2) She found herself in a situation_________body showed pity for her. 她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于一種無(wú)人同情的局面。
6. disappointed adj. 感到失望的
disappoint vt. disappointing adj. disappointment n.
be disappointed in/with sb. be disappointed at/about/over sth.
be disappointed to do sth. be disappointed that
_____________________ 使某人感到失望的是
1) The result of the experiment really ____________us. （使…失望）
2) He was disappointed to hear the news that his visa was refused.
3) He was __________ with his___________ son.
他對(duì)他令人失望的兒子很失望。
4)_________________, the picnic was put off because of the bad weather.
使我很失望的是，由于惡劣的天氣，野炊被推遲了。
7.shame n. 【U】 羞恥，羞愧 【C】 可恥的人或事
shameful adj.可恥的 shamefully adv. 可恥的
be ashamed of 對(duì)…感到羞恥 What a shame! 真遺憾，多可惜
in shame 羞愧地 ____________________使某人羞愧的是
1) He was called a shame to his class for his cheating in the exam.
2)_______________, I made the same mistake again.
使我遺憾的是，我又犯了同樣的錯(cuò)誤。
3) What a shame they couldn’t come.
8. arrival n.到達(dá)者；到達(dá)物；到達(dá)，到來(lái)
arrive vi.到達(dá)，抵達(dá)
1) We are waiting for the arrival of the news.
2) When shall we____________________? （到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)）
3）I’ll phone you the time______________________.我一到那里我就打電話給你。
4）The day they had been looking forward to ________ at last.
他們所期盼的那一天終于到來(lái)了。
5)It took them a long time to arrive at a conclusion.
9.responsibility n. 責(zé)任，職責(zé)，負(fù)責(zé)
responsible adj. 有責(zé)任的，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任的
be responsible for =take responsibility for
1)He doesn’t have________________, so he isn’t popular with his classmates. （責(zé)任感）
2)He tried to avoid______________________ the accident. （對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)）
3)It is the responsibility of every of us to protect our environment.
10. in addition adv. 相當(dāng)于besides 或as well
in addition to prep. “加之，除了…之外” add sth. to sth. “把…添加入…”
add up to “總計(jì)” add to “增添”
1) He speaks French in addition to English.
2)________________, there is one more point I would like to make.
此外，還要說(shuō)一點(diǎn)。
3)Please add some more salt to this soup.
4) All his school education added up to no more than one year.
5)The news that the road was blocked___________ her anxiety.
道路堵塞增添了她的焦慮。
11. cut back on 意為“削減，縮減，減少”。如：
1)They’ve already cut back on production by twenty percent.
2)You have to cut back on spending.
拓展：
3） The electricity was cut off because of the terrible storm. 切斷
4） They shouldn’t have cut down those young trees. 砍倒
5） To make the dish, you should first cut up the vegetables into small pieces. 切碎
6） He cut out an article about Liuxiang from the newspaper. 切去，減去
7） The moment I began to speak, he cut in. 插嘴
12. run out of 用完，耗盡
1）I have run out of my pocket money.＝My pocket money has run out.
2）Luckily, they ran away from the fire.
3） I ran across one of my old friends in the street this morning.
4） The two policemen are running after a thief.
反饋矯正（建議用時(shí)：5分鐘）
1.How to deal with the ____________（環(huán)境的）damage caused by the chemical industry is urgent.
2. With the National day ____________（來(lái)臨），the children became excited.
3. The company is famous for the p____________ of small cars.
4. Doing morning exercises is b___________ to our health.
5. He found himself in an embarrassing s_____________.
6. The two leaders had a talk in a friendly a____________.
7. We d________ whether to fly or to go by train, finally deciding on the train.
8. It is our r____________ to prevent the pollution of the environment.
9. Some leaves of trees or grass are p_________ to animals.
10. Because of the doctor’s hard work, the patient’s condition is s_________.
遷移創(chuàng)新（建議用時(shí)：5分鐘）
1. The government has announced plans to cut back _____ defence spending ____ 10% next year.
A. upon; to B. on; by C. of; by D. for; to
2. The present economic_________ calls for attention all over the world.
A. condition B. state C. situation D. condition
3. You are all new comers here. Try not to make _____ to strangers.
A. ways B. connection C. means D.approaches
*4. ____ the floor, I found his pen lying on the ground.
A. While sweeping B. While swept C. If sweeping D. If swept
5. -Have we ____ water? -Yes,_____. We’d better get some.
A. run out of; we have run it out B. run out of; our water has run out
C. run out of; our water has been run out D. run out; our water has run out
*6. Smith was put in prison, so he was ______ from the outside world.
A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through
7. We must ________ the total cost as soon as possible.
A. come out B. pick out C. figure out D. find out
8. There are still many people suffering a lot, and we are to do something to ____poverty.
A. keep out B. wipe out C. give out D. run out
9. At the meeting they discussed three different ______ to the study of mathematics.
A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways
10. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _____ rising steadily since 1997.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
學(xué)案5答案
一：
1. environmental 2. preserve 3. industry
4. poison 5. pollute 6. produce
7. benefit 8. responsible 9. effect
10. inspect 11. economic 12. destroy
二 ：
1. open the floor 2. in addition to 3. cut back on 4. run out of
5. be concerned with 6. be responsible for/take responsibility for
7. wipe out 8. cut down
拓展延伸：
1. 和某人爭(zhēng)論某事 舉行辯論會(huì)
無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯 在辯論中 debating whether
argued discussed debated
2.
動(dòng)詞原形 過(guò)去式 過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞 意義
lay laid laid laying 放置;下蛋
lie lied lied lied 撒謊
lie lay lain lying 躺；位于
lay lay
3. approach
4. are beneficial to for the benefit of from
5. The world situation where
6. disappointed disappointing Much to my disappointment
7. To my shame
8. arrive at the airport the moment I arrive there came
9. a sense of responsibility taking responsibility for
10. In addition added to
遷移創(chuàng)新
1. environmental 2. approaching
3. production 4. beneficial
5. situation 6. atmosphere
7. debated 8. responsibility
9. poisonous 10. stable
BCDAB BCBAC