北 京 四 中
Book 3 Unit 7---9
重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語與句型：
1.leave alone 不管；隨…而去
2.in want of 需要
3.badly off 潦倒；貧困
4.close up �。ㄓ戎笗簳r(shí)）關(guān)閉；使靠近
5.have an eye for 有眼力；有眼光
6.as follows 用以列舉事項(xiàng)
7.of late 最近；近來
8.make progress 前進(jìn)；進(jìn)步
9.make sense of 弄懂…的意思
10.in others words 換句話說
11.take a risk 冒險(xiǎn)
12.acquire a knowledge of English 學(xué)到英語知識
13.be equipped with 配備有
14.It takes patience to do sth. 做某事需要耐心
15.learn about 了解
16.working conditions 工作條件
17.There is nothing wrong in doing sth. 做某事沒什么不對的
18.toast to 祝酒，干杯
19.experiment with 進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)
20.piles of 一大堆；一大批；一大團(tuán)
21.put an end to 結(jié)束
22.knock down 擊倒；撞倒
23.lay off 解雇；不理會；使下崗
24.make matters worse 使情況更困難或更危險(xiǎn)
25.make ends meet 使收支相抵；量入為出
26.談?wù)搼B(tài)度和動機(jī)：
The stronger the motivation is, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.
27.提出建議：
You’d better…
You should…
Don’t …
If I were you, I’d…
It’s better to …
You shouldn’t …
Why not…?
Please…
What/How about…?
28.談?wù)撋鐣?zé)任：
Business is not only about making money and profits.
We should care for other people.
It’s necessary for employers to care about their employees and their families.
Rich people should help poor people in society.
Companies must take necessary measures to improve working conditions to protect the people working for them.
We cannot only think about ourselves , and we should open our hearts freely and think of others.
29.表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)：
What do you think about /of …?
What’s your opinion of …?
What do you feel about…?
How do you like…?
What are your opinions?
We must make sure that…
Sure. / Certainly. / Absolutely.
In my opinion, …
I (don’t ) think…
I believe we should…
Perhaps…is more important.
We think highly of …
I am all for…
知識點(diǎn)歸納：
1.admit vt. 承認(rèn)
習(xí)慣搭配：
admit sth.. 承認(rèn)…
admit (to ) doing sth. 承認(rèn)做過某事
admit to sth. 供認(rèn)/承認(rèn)…
admit that… 承認(rèn)…
sb.be admitted to… 接受某人（入院、入學(xué)等）
�、臫he prisoner has admitted his guilt.
犯人認(rèn)罪了。
�、芐he admitted to stealing the money.
她承認(rèn)偷了錢。
�、荋e admitted having stolen the car.
他承認(rèn)偷了汽車。
�、菻e admitted to the murder.
他承認(rèn)殺了人。
�、蒆e was admitted to hospital with minor burns.
他因輕度燒傷而入院。
�、蔍 am admitted to Shandong University.
我被山東大學(xué)錄取了。
�、薍e admitted that he had made a mistake.
他承認(rèn)他犯了錯(cuò)誤。
高考鏈接：
Sandy could do nothing but _____ to his teacher that he was wrong. (2001上海高考 )
A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit
分析：
題意為：Sandy只好向老師承認(rèn)了錯(cuò)誤。but是介詞，后面接不定式時(shí)，當(dāng)其前面出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動詞do 的任何形式時(shí)，后面要接不帶to的不定式。
答案：A
2.want n.
想要；渴望：
�、臜e has more wants than he can afford.
他想要得到更多的東西，但他的財(cái)力有限。
�、艸e is a man of few wants.
他是個(gè)沒什么欲望的人。
需要，缺乏：
習(xí)慣搭配：
in want of 需要，缺乏
for want of 因缺乏…
⑴She is poor and in want of basic things.
她貧困，缺少生活必需品。
�、芓he house is in want of repair.
這房子該修了。
�、荰he plants died for want of water.
這些植物因缺水而枯死了。
⑷The refugees are suffering for want of food and medical supplies.
難民苦于缺少食物和醫(yī)藥用品。
�、蒘he decided to accept the offer for want of anything better.
她決定接受這一提議，因?yàn)闆]有更好一些的。
* want v.
①想要：
want to do sth. 想干某事
want sb.to do sth. 想要某人干某事
�、臰e want to go to Italy.
我們想去意大利。
⑵He wanted me to go with him.
他想讓我跟他一起去。
�、谀呈滦枰弧海ㄍ琻eed 用法相同）
sth. want doing = sth. want to be done
eg.
⑴The plants want watering every day.
= The plants want to be watered every day.
這些植物需要天天澆水。
�、芓he house wants repairing.
= The house wants to be repaired.
房子需要修了。
③要求（某人）在場，需要（某人）：
�、臲ou are wanted immediately in the director’s office.
主任讓你立刻到他的辦公室去。
�、芛ou are wanted on the phone, Comrade Wang.
王同志，有你的電話。
3.off 表示經(jīng)濟(jì)情況好壞
短語搭配：
be badly off 潦倒，貧困
be well off 富裕的，有錢的
be better off �。ㄈ兆樱┻^得好起來
�、臫hey don’t seem too badly off----they have smart clothes and a nice house.
他們似乎不算貧困，因?yàn)樗麄冇衅恋囊路头孔印?/p>
⑵She was quite badly off for a while after her husband died.
丈夫去世后的一段時(shí)期內(nèi)她很貧困。
�、荰he couple is very well off, with a big house, fine jobs and three cars.
那對夫婦日子過得很寬裕，他們有一座大房子、不錯(cuò)的工作和三輛汽車。
�、萐he was not well off and had a room to rent.
她不富裕，只得出租一間房子。
�、蒘he has a good job and is better off now than she was when unemployed.
她找到了一份好工作，現(xiàn)在的生活比她失業(yè)時(shí)好了。
�、蔜hey are better off than we are.
他們的境況比我們好。
4.good n. ＆ adj.
習(xí)慣搭配：
do sb.good =do good to sb. 對某人有好處（good前可用much/a lot of/some/no等詞修飾）
for good (and all) 永遠(yuǎn)
be good at… 擅長…
be good for… 對…有好處/益處
up to no good 干壞事，想搗鬼
It’s no good doing sth. 干…沒用
for the good of 為了…的利益
for your own good 從自身利益考慮
What good…? What is the good for…? …有什么用？
come to no good 結(jié)果不好
as good as 幾乎，實(shí)際上
�、臰e thought they’d come just for a visit, but it seems they’re staying for good.
我們以為他們只是來短期拜訪，但看來他們要永遠(yuǎn)住下去了。
�、艸e has given up smoking for good and all.
他已經(jīng)永遠(yuǎn)不吸煙了。
�、荕ilk does you good.
牛奶對你有好處。
�、萒he church does good by helping the poor.
教會大施善舉，幫助窮人。
�、葾 breath of fresh air often does our health a lot of good.
呼吸新鮮空氣對我們的健康大有好處
�、蔍’m afraid this heavy rain will do the crops no good.
恐怕這場大雨對莊稼沒什么好處。
�、薎 go swimming for the good of my health.
我為了自己的健康去游泳。
�、蘄t’s no good complaining now.
現(xiàn)在抱怨也沒什么用了。
�、虸t’s no good trying to run; the police will catch you.
逃跑是徒勞的，警察一定會抓到你。
�、蜽hat is the good of buying a boat when you don’t have enough spare time to use it?
買了船卻沒有時(shí)間去使用，又有什么用呢？
�、螲e runs around with bad people and he will come to no good someday.
他整天和壞人在一起，總有一天他也會變壞的。
�、蠭 washed those old curtains and now they look as good as new.
我洗過了這些舊窗簾，現(xiàn)在它們看上去幾乎和新的一樣。
⒀We must be good at learning from the peoples the world over.
我們必須善于向全世界各國人民學(xué)習(xí)。
⒁Participation in setting-up exercises to radio music is good for health.
參加做廣播體操有益于身體健康。
5.progress 不可數(shù)名詞 進(jìn)步，前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展
短語搭配：
make progress 進(jìn)步，前進(jìn)
in progress 進(jìn)行中
⑴Progress is being made in building a new highway around the city.
新環(huán)城公路的建設(shè)正在向前推進(jìn)。
⑵The meeting is in progress now.
會議正在進(jìn)行。
⑶An inquiry is now in progress.
調(diào)查工作此刻正在進(jìn)行中。
*progress 動詞 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展
�、臜e is progressing nicely in his study of French.
他的法語學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展順利。
⑵Her disease has progressed more quickly than the doctors expected.
她的病情發(fā)展得比醫(yī)生們預(yù)料的要快。
⑶The work is progressing steadily.
工作在穩(wěn)步地取得進(jìn)展。
6.
make sense of 弄懂…的意思
make sense 有意義，有道理，講得通
�、臫alk slowly; you’re not making sense.
請講慢些，你沒把意思說清楚。
�、艻 can’t make sense of this poem, but perhaps I will if I read it again.
我弄不懂這首詩的意義，但我再讀一遍或許就能讀懂了。
其他含有sense的習(xí)語搭配：
come to one’s senses 蘇醒過來；清醒地思考，恢復(fù)理性
six sense 第六感官
common sense 常識,見識
in a sense 從某種意義上說
�、臩he fell and fainted, but soon came to her senses.
她跌倒后昏過去，但不久就蘇醒過來了。
�、芓oo much beer and wine was ruining his life; he finally came to his senses and stopped.
過度飲酒使他的身體每況愈下，他最終明白后便停止了酗酒。
⑶His six sense told him that something was wrong, and sure enough, his car had been stolen.
他的第六感官告訴他出意外事情了。確實(shí)，他的汽車被盜了。
�、萐how some common sense; stay home if you’re sick.
表現(xiàn)得懂事些，你如果生病了，就呆在家里休息。
�、蒊 write many letters and keep a journal, so in a sense I’m a writer.
我寫許多信并記日記，因此從某種意義上說我就是作家。
高考鏈接：
I’m sure David will be able to find the library----he has a pretty good_______ of direction. (2005浙江高考)
A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense
分析：
feeling 意為“觸覺，知覺（physical sensation, recognition of touch）；感情（an emotion）”, sense 意為“感官（one of the five feelings of the body----sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch）; 辨別，理解，領(lǐng)悟（appreciation or understanding of the value or worth of sth.）。
答案：D
7.anxious adj. 渴望的，焦急的；焦慮的
短語搭配：
be anxious to do sth. 渴望/急于做…
be anxious about 擔(dān)憂…
⑴The student was anxious to finish the final examination.
那個(gè)學(xué)生急于要結(jié)束期末考試。
�、艻 am anxious to leave.
我急于離開。
�、荋e was anxious to please his guests.
他急于討好客人。
⑷I am very anxious about my son’s health.
我非常擔(dān)心我兒子的健康。
�、蒊 was anxious about the children when they didn’t come home from school.
孩子們放學(xué)后沒回家，我很擔(dān)心。
* anxiety n..
短語搭配：
in anxiety of … 渴望…
�、臝n his anxiety to succeed, he has overworked himself.
渴望成功，他一直過度工作著。
⑵The teacher praised her for her anxiety for knowledge.
她渴求知識，老師表揚(yáng)了她。
高考鏈接：
My mother always gets a bit ________ if we don’t arrive when we say we will. (2005浙江高考)
A. anxious B. ashamed C. weak D. patient
分析：
由后句“…we don’t arrive when we say we will.”得知“my mother”的心情應(yīng)為著急、擔(dān)心。
答案：A
8.
in other words 換句話說
in a word 總之
in one’s own words 用自己的話說
be a man/ woman of his/ her word 守信的人，說話算數(shù)的人，可靠的人
break one’s word 失信
eat one’s words �。ū黄龋┦栈啬橙说脑�，承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤
have words with 與某人爭論，發(fā)生口角
word for word 逐字地，一字不變地
word play 雙關(guān)語
keep one’s word 遵守諾言
�、臝n a word , the party is over.
一句話，聚會結(jié)束了。
⑵Tell the court what happened in your own words.
用你自己的話告訴法庭發(fā)生了什么事。
�、荢he is a woman of her word because she repaid the loan exactly when she said she would.
她是個(gè)守信的人，按照她說的時(shí)間還了貸款。
�、菻e broke his word and did not repay the loan.
他違背了諾言，沒有歸還借款。
�、蒆e kept saying that he would win the tennis championship, but he lost and now he has to eat his words.
他堅(jiān)持說他能贏得網(wǎng)球賽冠軍，但他輸了，現(xiàn)在他不得不承認(rèn)他說錯(cuò)了話。
�、蔋is behavior made me mad, so I had words with him.
他的所為把我氣瘋了，我跟他吵了一架。
�、薙he told me exactly what he said, word for word.
她一字不差地告訴我他所說的話。
�、蘐he word play in his writing is very witty.
他作品中的雙關(guān)語詼諧風(fēng)趣。
⑼You can trust her to keep her word.
你可以相信她會信守諾言的。
高考鏈接：
�、�
----Do you think I should get a good guidebook?
----Yes, of course. _______, you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes. (2004春季北京)
A. What’s more B. In other words C. By the way D. All in all
分析：
從后面一句“you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes”的also一詞可知除了a good guidebook之外，另外還需要…
答案：A
②Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard______, you failed.(NMET1999)
A. in the end B. after all C. in other words D. at the same time
分析：
根據(jù)前句“Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard（在駕駛測驗(yàn)中你的表現(xiàn)沒達(dá)到要求的水平”，及后句“you failed（你沒通過這次駕駛測驗(yàn)）”，可知應(yīng)用in other words （換句話說）。
答案：C
9.
a pile of 一堆
piles of 一大堆，一大團(tuán)
�、臕 truck dumped a pile of sand near the road.
一輛卡車在路邊倒了一堆沙子。
�、芐he has piles of homework to do this weekend.
她這個(gè)周末有一大堆的作業(yè)要做。
�、荰he children eat piles of butter on their bread.
孩子們吃面包愛多抹黃油。
*
pile v.. 堆積
pile up 增多，積累
He piled the newspapers on his desk.
他把報(bào)紙堆在他的書桌上。
The cart was piled high with fruit.
大車上高高地裝滿了水果。
We piled up the boxes outside the house.
我們把箱子堆在房子外面。
My work is piling up.
我的工作越積越多。
Evidence was piling up against them.
不利于他們的證據(jù)越來越多。
Her debts are piling up and she has no money to pay them.
她債臺日高已無力償還。
10.
as follows 如下
follow the crowd 隨大流
follow sb.’s example 仿效他人的做法
follow one’s nose 一直往前走；憑直覺行事
so it follows that 因此，這樣一來
⑴I don’t want you to follow my example and rush into marriage.
我不希望你仿效我，也倉促結(jié)婚。
�、艸er qualifications are as follows: an excellent education, previous experience in the field, an excellent performance record.
她的資格如下：受過良好的教育，以前有這方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，有優(yōu)秀的表現(xiàn)記錄。
�、荰he company has no cash, so it follows that it must borrow money or go out of business.
公司沒有現(xiàn)金了，這樣一來她要么借錢，要么停業(yè)。
�、萒he police station is a mile ahead up the hill----just follow your nose.
警察局在前面一英里處的山坡上----一直往前走就行了。
�、蒘ince you don’t know the language I can only suggest that you follow your nose.
你既然不會這門語言，我只能建議你見機(jī)行事。
�、蔛he has an unusual style of dressings; she doesn’t follow the crowd.
她有一種與眾不同的著裝風(fēng)格，她不隨大流。
高考鏈接：
I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _______ in a year. (2005湖南高考)
A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed
分析：
現(xiàn)在分詞表主動、進(jìn)行意義；過去分詞表被動、完成意義；不定式表將來。根據(jù)語境in a year 可知表將來。
答案：C
11.
fall behind 跟不上，落后
fall in love with… 墜入情網(wǎng)，愛上…
fall into debt/trouble 陷入債務(wù)/麻煩
fall back 退，退讓
fall off… 跌落
�、臫he crowd fell back to let the doctor through.
人群向后退，讓醫(yī)生走過去。
⑵One marcher fell behind the others.
有個(gè)行進(jìn)者落在了別人后面。
�、荰he woman fell behind in her rent payments.
這個(gè)女人拖欠了租金。
�、萐he fell in love with Tom the first time she met him.
她第一次見到湯姆就愛上了他。
�、蒞hen her business failed, she fell into debt.
生意失敗后，她債務(wù)纏身。
⑹He fell off the ladder.
他從梯子上跌落下來。
高考鏈接：
John is very lazy. He falls ________ behind in his studies. (2005廣東高考)
A. very B. far C. more D. still
分析：
fall behind 意為“落在后面”，far 做副詞表程度，“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地”。
答案：B
11.abuse
(1) v. 濫用，妄用；虐待
He always abuses his authority.
他總是濫用他的權(quán)威。
Never abuse my trust in you.
不要辜負(fù)我對你的信任。
(2) U. 對某事物（某人）的濫用或虐待；惡言，辱罵
drug abuse
濫用麻醉藥品
child abuse
虐待兒童
He greeted me with a stream of abuse.
他見到我就連聲辱罵。
This word is often used as a term of abuse.
這個(gè)詞經(jīng)常用作咒罵用語。
(3) C.惡習(xí)，弊端，不正之風(fēng)
We really should put a stop to political abuses.
我們真的應(yīng)該煞住政治上的不正之風(fēng)。
(4) abusive adj. 責(zé)罵的，辱罵的
abusive language
罵人的語言
He became abusive.
他罵起來了。
12.lay off
a) lay sb off 解雇
They were laid off because of the lack of new orders.
由于沒有新的定貨，他們被解雇了。
lay off (sb. / sth.) ，別碰某人，不做某事
Lay off! You’re messing up my hair.
住手，你把我的頭發(fā)都弄亂了。
Lay off him! Can’t you see he is badly hurt?
別碰他，你沒看見他傷得很厲害嗎？
I’ve smoked cigarettes for years, but now I’m going to lay off them.
我抽煙很多年了，但現(xiàn)在打算戒了。
b) lay sth. aside 把某物放在一邊；放棄某事
I laid my book aside, turned off the light and went to sleep.
我把書放在一邊，關(guān)了燈睡覺。
We should lay some money aside for old age.
我們應(yīng)該存錢防老。
He has laid his studies aside.
他已經(jīng)放棄了學(xué)業(yè)。
c) lay sth. up 使臥床不能工作；擱置或儲存某物
She’s laid up with a broken leg.
她因腿傷臥床。
I’ve been laid up with flu for a week.
我患流感已經(jīng)在家休息一個(gè)星期了。
My car is laid up at the moment.
我的車現(xiàn)在閑著沒用。
d) lay-off 被解雇的人；解雇期
There’re many lay-offs among factory workers.
工人中許多被解雇的人。
He has a long lay-off over the winter.
他遭到長達(dá)一個(gè)冬天的解雇。
13.consult v.
a) 請教，查閱；商量
I will consult my lawyer about it.
我將就此事請教律師。
English learners need to consult the dictionary constantly.
英語學(xué)習(xí)者需要經(jīng)常查閱字典。
I consulted a doctor about my pains.
我找過醫(yī)生診治病痛。
I’ll consult with my partners about this agreement.
我要同我的合伙人商量這個(gè)合同的事。
(2) consultant n. （商業(yè)、法律等方面的）顧問；顧問醫(yī)師
a firm of management consultants
管理咨詢公司
the president’s consultant on economic affairs
總統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)事務(wù)顧問
a consultant surgeon
外科顧問醫(yī)師
(3) consultation n. 請教，咨詢
We should act in consultation with the director.
我們應(yīng)該在征詢主任的意見并得到其同意后行事。
consultation of a dictionary
查字典
14.incident, accident, affair, matter
(1) incident n. 事情，發(fā)生的事（尤指小事）
He could remember every trivial incident in great detail.
他把每件小事的細(xì)節(jié)都記得很清楚。
border incidents
邊境事件
(2) accident n. 意外世間，偶發(fā)事件，事故
I had an accident in the kitchen and broke all the glasses.
我在廚房里闖了個(gè)禍，打碎了所有的玻璃杯。
We got back without accident.
我們平安無事地回來了。
(3) affair n. 事情，行動；事態(tài)
The meeting was a noisy affair.
這次會議開得鬧哄哄的。
The minister deals with important affairs of state.
這位部長處理重要的國家大事。
(4) matter n. 物質(zhì)，事情，問題，麻煩事
There are several important matters I wish to talk to you about.
有幾件重要的事情我想和你談?wù)劇?/p>
Looking after 15 noisy children is no laughing matter.
照看15個(gè)吵鬧的孩子可不是件開玩笑的事。
What’s the matter with you?
你怎么了？
同步練習(xí)：
一、 單詞拼寫
1.He is a world-famous ______(小說家) who is very popular with readers.
2.We’ve just signed an agreement with a clothing _____(公司).
3.You can see your _____(影子) in the sun.
4.There’re _____(充足的) goods on sale in the supermarket.
5.Such things happen _____(不斷地).
6.There’re 26 letters in the _____(字母表).
7.He will go abroad with his boss as an _____(翻譯).
8.The old couple has just _____(收養(yǎng)) a child.
9.He has made great _____(進(jìn)步) this semester.
10.When posting ____(明信片) you need to know the postcode.
11.There’re around 1,000 _____(居民) in this neighborhood.
12.She is taking a _____(冒險(xiǎn)) to do that.
13.We young people need to _____(擴(kuò)大) our view of society.
14.This is a ____(全國性的) exam in all the high schools.
15.He is ____(奉獻(xiàn)的) to his career.
二、語音題
在A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，找出其畫線部分與所給單詞的畫線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)。
1. headache A. courage B. operate C. package D. orange
2. sugar A. pupil B. wolf C. loose D. sold
3. three A. rather B. nothing C. brother D. neither
4. complete A. twinkle B. problem C. peach D. peasant
5. says A. Thursday B. paid C. captain D. head
三、 寫作
假如你正在參加一輪英語辯論賽。作為正方辯手，試用英語簡要表明自己的觀點(diǎn)。
辯論主題：高中生在假期該不該打零工 （part-time job）
觀點(diǎn)：
1．高中生學(xué)習(xí)抓得緊，但對社會所知甚少；
2．假期打零工是很好的社會實(shí)踐活動；
3．我們可以在實(shí)踐中學(xué)到書本上學(xué)不到的東西；
4．通過社會實(shí)踐，我們可以在知識和能力兩方面取得進(jìn)步，為與外界溝通做好準(zhǔn)備；
5．假期打零工的報(bào)酬對家里或多或少有些幫助，自己也有成就感。
注意：
1.詞數(shù):100左右。
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),使短文連貫。
3.開頭與結(jié)尾已為你寫好。
Dear friends,
Our topic today is__________________
Therefore, my opinion is that as a senior school student, it is necessary and possible for us to take a part-time job in holidays.
答案與分析：
一、
1.novelist 2.firm 3.shadow 4.abundant 5.constantly
6.alphabet 7.interpreter 8.adopted 9.progress 10.postcard
11.residents 12.risk 13.broaden 14.nationwide 15.devoted
二、
1－5 B B B C D
三、
注意事項(xiàng)：
1 這是一篇論述性的文章，因此文章開頭就要明確提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。
2 主要采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
3 文章的主體是論證部分，因此論證應(yīng)該清晰有說服力。
4 盡量使用幾個(gè)短語或兩三個(gè)復(fù)合句。
Dear friends,
Our topic today is “Shall a senior school student take a part-time job in holidays?” As is known, we senior students are devoted to our studies and know little about society. It could be a good idea for us to take a part-time job in holidays. For one thing, through experience we can learn what we can’t in books, and therefore we can make great progress both in our knowledge and our abilities. It can get us prepared for the world outside schools. In doing part-time jobs we can get some pay, which can be more or less a help to our family. It can also make us have a sense of achievement. We can understand the value of money and the way of getting along with others.
Therefore, my opinion is that as a senior school student, it is necessary and possible for us to take a part-time job in holidays.