Unit 1 Past and present （1）
Main task: Write a report on the changes in your home town for a history project.
Task:
1. Recognize words with opposite meanings and use them in context.
2. Use the present perfect tense to talk about a past event which is related to the present time.
重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)：
Comic Strips
Have you seen my food? Yes. I’ve just eaten it. 你見過我的食物嗎？是的。我剛剛把它吃掉了。
（1）以上兩個(gè)句子是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示一種結(jié)果。“食物現(xiàn)在已在我的胃里”。它的構(gòu)成是“have (has) + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”。
E.g. You have changed. 你已經(jīng)變了。
（2）just 表示“剛剛”， 用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。
Eg. She has just arrived. 她剛剛到。
Welcome to the unit
1. Transports at different times. 不同時(shí)代的交通工具。
2. Help him write the correct names under the pictures. 幫助他在下面的圖片上寫上正確的名稱。
Reading
1. He used to live in the Kowloon Walled city in Hong Kong. 他一度在香港住在九龍城。
used to do sth “過去經(jīng)常做某事”
eg. I used to read newspapers after supper. 過去我經(jīng)常飯后看報(bào)。
2. In fact, I was born there and have known it since I was very young. 事實(shí)上我出生在那里，自從我很小的時(shí)候我就知道它了。
since “自從…以來”，后常跟一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過去時(shí)的從句。它的主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。
Eg. He has worked at the factory since he came to the city.
I have written to him twice since last month.
3. I miss my old friend. 我想念我的老朋友。
miss 在這里是“ 想念 ”的意思。miss 還有“錯(cuò)過” 的意思。
Eg. He was late today because he missed the bus.
4. Well, in some ways it is. 從有些方面說是這樣（生活好些了）。
in some ways “在有些方面”， 類似的短語還有 in many ways; in what way, etc.
5. … and I feel a bit lonely from time to time. 我不時(shí)的感到有一點(diǎn)孤獨(dú)。
（1）a bit “有一點(diǎn)”， 后常跟形容詞。如要跟名詞要用 a bit of.
Eg. He was a bit tired after the long walk.
I know a bit of Japanese.
（2）lonely “孤獨(dú)的，孤單的”， alone “獨(dú)自，單獨(dú)一個(gè)人”.
Eg. He lives alone. 他一個(gè)人住。
Smith felt lonely without friends. 沒有朋友史密斯感到孤獨(dú)。
Grammar
A Present perfect tense 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)常用來談?wù)撨^去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。也就是說某一個(gè)事情雖然發(fā)生在過去，但跟現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系。它由“have(has) + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。
Eg. Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born. Eddie自從出生以來就和Millie 住在一起。
We have seen the film already. 我們已經(jīng)看過這個(gè)電影了。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的否定句是“have(has) not +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”。
Eg. He has not visited Hong Kong.
Mr. and Mrs. Li have not come back yet.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的一般疑問句是把 have (has) 調(diào)到主語的前面。
Eg. Have you heard the story? Yes, I have. /No, I haven’t. 你聽過這個(gè)故事嗎？ 聽過/沒聽過。
Has Daniel talked to his cousin? Yes, he has. / No. he hasn’t. Daniel 和他的堂兄談過了嗎？ 談過/沒談過 。
鞏固試題
一、寫出下列單詞的反義詞
1. cheap ___________ 2. easy ____________
3. happy ___________ 4. same ___________
5. correct __________ 6. honest __________
7. lucky ___________ 8. healthy __________
9. noisy ___________
二、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去分詞
1. have ____________ 2. see ____________ 3. eat ____________
4. change __________ 5. know ___________ 6. live ____________
7. turn ____________ 8. become ____________ 9. move ____________
10. be ____________ 11. make ____________ 12. give ____________
三、用for, since 填空：
1. We have been friends ______ we were seven years old.
2. I have known Daniel _________ seven years.
3. We have learned English ______ more than one year.
4. The Green family have lived in this street ______ 1995.
5. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ______ ten years.
四、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：
1. Look! The children ____________ (plant) flowers in the garden.
2. I ____________ (know) the place for many years.
3. Where is my pen? How strange! It ____________ (be) here just a moment ago.
4. He ____________ (give) the book back to you if he ____________ (finish) reading it tomorrow.
5. Mr Dong often ____________ (meet) up with his friends in the new park.
6. How long __________ you __________ (live) in Nanjing since you were __________ (bear)?
7. They only __________ (meet) once. But they were __________ (like) old friends.
8. Tom with his family __________ (live) in Nanjing now, but they __________ (move) to America soon.
9. They often meet on the playground __________ (play) football.
五、英譯漢：
1. the Kowloon Walled City ____________
2. Chinese medicine shops ____________
3. market stalls ____________
4. Chinese restaurants ____________
5. Chinese chess ____________
6. noise pollution ____________
7. play cards ____________
8. open space and pretty gardens ____________
9. in fact __________
10. move to another flat __________
11. in the past __________
12. miss my old friends __________
13. take off __________
14. feel a bit lonely __________
15. from time to time __________
16. the closing of the old airport __________
六、完成句子
1. Tom 時(shí)不時(shí)地請(qǐng)我?guī)退粤?xí)中文。
Tom ask me ___________________________________________ .
2. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)駕駛變得更困難了。
It becomes ___________________________________________ now.
3. 他們像老朋友一樣快樂地交談。
They are talking happily ____________________________ .
4. 李平還沒有擦黑板。看，黑板多臟！
Li Ping _____________________ the blackboard. Look! How dirty it is!
5. ------你打掃過教室了嗎？
------掃過了，我們剛才打掃的。
------ ________ you ________ the classroom？
------ Yes, we ________ it just now.
6. ------做完作業(yè)了嗎？
------是的。我兩小時(shí)前做完的。
------ ________ you ________ your homework？
------ Yes, I ________ it two hours ago.
參考答案
一、1. expensive 2. difficult 3. sad 4. different
5. incorrect 6. dishonest 7. unlucky 8. unhealthy 9. quiet
二、1. had 2. seen 3. eaten 4. changed 5. known
6. lived 7. turned 8. become 9. moved 10. been
11. made 12. given
三、1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. for
四、1. are planting 2. have known 3. was 4. will give finishes
5. meets 6. have lived born 7. met like 8. is living will move
9. to play
五、1. 九龍城 2. 中藥店 3. 市場(chǎng)攤點(diǎn)
4. 中國(guó)餐館 5. 中國(guó)象棋 6. 噪聲污染
7. 打牌 8. 空地和漂亮的花園 9. 事實(shí)上
10. 搬到另一座公寓 11. 在過去 12. 想念我的老朋友
13. 起飛 14. 感到有點(diǎn)孤獨(dú) 15. 偶而
16. 關(guān)閉老機(jī)場(chǎng)
六、1. to help him with his Chinese from time to time.
2. more difficult to learn to drive 3. like old friends.
4. has not cleaned 5. Have cleaned cleaned
6. Have finished finished
Unit 1 Past and present （2）
Main Task:
1. Write a report on the changes in your hometown for a history project.
Task:
1. Understand the meanings of the adverbs of time and use them with the present perfect tense.
2. Talk about changes over time.
3. Write a report on the changes in your hometown for a history project.
Grammar B
Adverbs of time with the present perfect tense 和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間副詞
already “已經(jīng)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生，常用與肯定陳述句中。
e.g. He has seen the film already.
ever “曾經(jīng)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)任何時(shí)間，用于疑問句中。
Eg. Have you ever been to Hong Kong?
for 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)度，后加一段時(shí)間，用于肯定句、疑問句和否定句中。
e.g. You have not visited me for a long time.
just “剛剛”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事最近發(fā)生，用于肯定陳述句中。
e.g. Eddie has just eaten the food.
Never“從不”，用于否定句中。
e.g. I have never read the story.
since “自從…以來”，用于肯定句、疑問句和否定句中。
e.g. My family has owned a tram since 1992.
Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born.
yet “還未、已經(jīng)”，用于疑問句和否定句中。
e.g. Mr. Li hasn’t come back yet.
Have you called yet?
Integrated Skills
1. There have been many changes in Hong Kong. 香港已有了很大變化。
2. It has been in use since 1998. 自從1998年以來，就啟用了。
3. … it was built to the north of Lantau island. 它（機(jī)場(chǎng)）建在大嶼山北面。
to the north of… 在……的北面 （以北）
e.g. There will be a strong wind to the south of the Huanghe River. 黃河以南將有大風(fēng)。
4. I wish you a happy holiday. 我祝你假期愉快。
wish sb. sth. =wish sth to sb.
上句也可以寫成： I wish a happy holiday to you.
5. I’ve come to school by bus on my own. 我已經(jīng)自己乘公交車上學(xué)。
on one’s own = by oneself
6. I enjoy chatting with you and my other friends after class. 我喜歡課后與你和其他朋友聊天。
chat with sb. 和某人聊天， chat 的過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞要雙寫 t + ed / ing
chat- chatted-chatted –chatting
Main Task
1. It no longer provides a good environment for wildlife. 對(duì)野生動(dòng)物來說這兒不再是個(gè)好的生活環(huán)境。
no longer = not any longer 不再
上句可寫成： It does not provide a good environment for wildlife.
2. In the past, people could only go to Lantau Island by ferry. 過去人們只能乘渡船去大嶼山。
by ferry“乘渡船”，不加任何冠詞，另一種說法是 take the ferry .
上句可寫成：In the past, people could only take the ferry to Lantau island.
Checkout
1. Things have changed a lot over the years. 這些年，（事情）已發(fā)生了許多變化。
change a lot 變化許多；
over the years這些年，over 表示時(shí)間時(shí)， 意思是“在……期間”
2. It has won many awards. 它已得了許多獎(jiǎng)。
3. Let me show you how to get to the train station. 讓我來指給你看怎樣到達(dá)火車站。
鞏固試題
一、聽力：
I. 聽錄音，找出合適的答語：
（ �。�1. A: Sorry, I can’t help you. B: Not at all. C: What is it?
（ ）2. A: It’s Sunday. B: It’s June 18th. C: It’s my birthday.
（ �。�3. A: Good luck. B: I’m sorry to hear that. C: I’m afraid not.
（ �。�4. A: Thank you. B: It’s a pleasure C: The same to you.
（ �。�5. A: That’s OK. B: Congratulations C: Thanks
II. 聽錄音，選擇正確答案：
（ �。�1. Where does Mr. White work? He works _______.
A. in the factory B. in the office C. in the library
（ �。�2. How old is Mrs. White? She is ______ years old.
A. 48 B. 50 C. over 50
（ �。�3. After the old man gets up, what does he do?
A. Some reading B. Some cleaning C. Some morning exercises.
（ �。�4. When does he leave the office? _______.
A. At half past six B At six C. At seven
（ �。�5. After supper, Mr. White ______.
A. Watches TV B. Read some newspapers C. Either A or B.
二、根據(jù)中文或首字母提示寫出單詞：
1. Look! There comes a _______ （渡船）.
2. He has c______ a lot during the past few years.
3. My g______ is over 80, but he still looks young.
4. Can you work out the Maths problem in different w______.
5. When will the plane ______（降落）? Do you know?
6. Lily often ______ （想念） her parents when she is out.
7. What’s your father? He’s a ______（牙科醫(yī)生）.
8. She ______（結(jié)婚） him not for love but for money.
9. I’ve lived here ______（自從） I was born.
10. Which country did people use _______（有軌電車） at first?
三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
1. They have had something already. （改為否定句）
________________________________________________.
2. I haven’t heard from her yet. （改為肯定句）
________________________________________________.
3. My family has owned a tram for 80 years.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）
_______________________________________________.
4. John has been to the USA a few times. （改為一般疑問句）
________________________________________________?
5. She has not seen Daniel for two days. （改為同義句）
________ ________ she ________ her parrot?
四、動(dòng)詞填空：
1. A worker wrote this song and now it _____ （become） very popular.
2. ______ you ______ （have） your lunch? When and where _____ you _____（have） it?
3. I ______（leave） my pen in the bedroom. I ______（have） to write with a pencil.
4. Where _____ you _____（be）? I didn’t see you just now.
5. _____ the train_____ （arrive）? Yes. It _____（arrive） here just now. It _____ （leave） in a few minutes.
6. He ______ （teach） in the school in the past. But over the past four years he ______（work） on the farm.
7. His parents ______（take） him to Beijing when he _______ （be） a small boy.
8. ______ you ever______（hear） of this man before?
9. What ______ you _____（do） during your stay in New York?
10. He _____（be） to Shanghai several times.
五、句子翻譯：
1. 你已經(jīng)吃過早飯了嗎？不，還沒有
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
2. 自從我們七歲以來，我們就是好朋友了。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
3. 他在這兒住了多久了？五年了。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
4. 這些年香港已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大的變化。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
5. 大嶼山過去一度是許多野生動(dòng)物家園。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
六、寫作：
Write a report on the changes to your hometown for your history project.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
參考答案
一、I. 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B
II. 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C
二、根據(jù)中文或首字母提示寫出單詞：
1. ferry 2. changed 3. grandpa
4. ways 5. land 6. misses
7. dentist 8. marries 9. since 10. trams
三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
1. They have not had anything yet.
2. I have heard from her already.
3. How long has your family owned a tram?
4. Has John ever been to the USA a few times?
5. She has not seen Daniel since two days ago.
四、動(dòng)詞填空：
1. has become
2. Have had did have
3. have left have
4. have been
5. Has arrived arrived will leave
6. taught has worked
7. took was
8. Have heard
9. did do
10. has been
五、句子翻譯：
1. Have you had breakfast yet? No, not yet.
2. We have been good friends since we were seven.
3. How long has he lived here? For five years.
4. There have been many changes in Hong Kong over the years.
5. Lantau Island used to be the home of many wild animals.
六、寫作：（略）
聽力原文：
一、聽力：
I. 聽錄音，找出合適的答語：
1. I’m sorry to trouble you, Jim.
2. What’s the date today?
3. Tom fell off the bike and hurt himself.
4. Happy New Year!
5. Our school won the volleyball match.
2. 聽錄音，選擇正確答案：
Mr. White works in a office. He is more than 50 years old. Mrs. White is 48 years old. They don’t like noise, so they bought a house outside the city. But it’s far from Mr. White’s office. Every morning the old man has to get up at six. Then he does morning exercises. After breakfast he goes to take a bus. He usually has lunch in the office. At six he leaves the office. He buys something in the shop and then goes to catch a bus. They have supper at half past seven. Then he watches TV or reads some newspapers until ten and goes to bed.