高 二 英 語（第19講）
主講：鄭天德 （蘇州中學）
[教學內(nèi)容與目的要求]
一、教學內(nèi)容：
高中英語第二冊（上）
二、教學要求：
1、掌握本單元的單詞，詞組與句型。
2、掌握幾句常用口語：
She got into a total panic when the oil in the frying pan caught fire.
當煎鍋里的油著火時，她驚慌萬分。
She’s scared to death. 她怕得要命。
frightened
The frightening scene made my hair on end. 那恐怖的情景使我毛發(fā)豎起。
What’s really scary is the eye of the wind just as in the movie “The Day After Tomorrow.”
What terrified me
最令人恐懼的是象電影“后天”里出現(xiàn)的風眼。
3、語法：省略
[知識重點與學習難點]
一、重要單詞：
hurricane threat terrify erupt bury ash mud spot sight flee urge arrival pillow sulphur immediately fresh farewell web barometer crash waterfall puff swear
二、重點詞組：
on end 豎立 draw one’s attention 吸引……的注意
calm down （使…）平靜 on board 上船（火車，飛機等）
knock about/around 連續(xù)打擊，漫游
all of a sudden 突然 live through 度過，熬過
[難點講解]
1、Some people got into a total panic … 有些人陷入一片恐慌之中…
panic n./v. 注意用法與比較：
n. At the approach of the fierce dinosaur the crowd fled in (a) panic.
看到那兇猛的恐龍走近時，人們驚恐萬分地逃竄。
The fire warning caused a panic in the supermarket. 火警在超市中引起一片恐慌。
v. If we were to panic we would not be able to help.
fear
be scared
frightened
terrified
afraid
如果我們驚恐害怕的話，就幫不了任何忙。
注意上述表達害怕驚恐的一些用法（意義上的細別，這里不討論）
Don’t panic in time of danger. 危險時刻不要驚慌失策。
The children panicked when they realized they were lost.
當孩子們意識到迷路時驚慌萬分。
Stop panicking. 別慌！
動詞在詞尾變化時，要加k，如上面例子。但第三人稱單數(shù)不加k：
She never panics. 她從不慌亂。
偶也作v.t ，只有主動式：
The thunder panicked the horses. 響雷使馬群慌亂一片。
但Hearing the thunder, the kid panicked
was panicked. ×(無被動形式)
2、--at such a distance we couldn’t tell which one, …
在那樣的距離，我們分不清是那一座……
注意distance前置不同介詞，意義不同：
The picture looks better at a (some) distance. 這幅畫隔一段距離看好些。
There were some fruit trees at a distance from his home.
他家不遠處有些果樹。
The tower can be easily seen at a distance of 10 kilometers.
這座塔10公里之外都能看得見。
I made out three figures moving in the distance.
我看清在遠處有三個人影在移動。
The hills in the distance were purple.
遠方的山丘是紫色的。
3、The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see from closer at hand.
這景象喚醒了我叔叔的科學精神，他要去近處看個究竟。
該句直譯是“喚醒了我叔叔心中的科學家…”，類似的例子：
The lady’s diamond necklace awoke the devil in the young man. He choked her and took it away.
那太太的鉆石項鏈喚起那年輕人的惡念（直譯：喚醒了那年輕人心中的惡魔），他掐死那女人，拿走了項鏈。
at hand在近處可指時間或空間：
空間：
The post office is close at hand. 郵局就在附近。
When he writes, he always keeps a dictionary at hand.
他寫作時，手邊總是有本辭典。
時間：
The examinations are at hand. 快要考試了。
Eddy, full of courage, felt the battle close at hand.
埃迪滿懷勇氣地感到戰(zhàn)斗快要打響了。
from這個介詞較為特殊，除了可接名詞、代詞、動名詞作介詞賓語，還可接副詞，另一個介詞等，見以下例子：
A bike came along from behind me.
I heard them calling me from far away.
I took my watch from under the pillow.
He climbed up the tall tree from where he could see farther away.
4、What started out as a trip for knowledge called for courage.
一開始作為尋求知識的旅行現(xiàn)在需要勇氣了。
call for多義：
①要求，需要：
Success in school calls for much hard work.
The workers are calling for strike action.
The disease calls for careful treatment.
②來取，來要（物）：
We called for the packages at the post office.
We entered the bar and called for beers.
The man has called for the rent.
③邀約，來找（某人）：
I’ll call for you at your house.
He called for me at nine last night, and we went to the night club together.
5、Ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now, darker and more, the closer they went.
灰塵與燒黑的石塊落到船上。他們越靠近，周圍越黑，石塊落下越多。
后半句是the more … the more結(jié)構(gòu)，省略一個the，又例：
The less she worried the better she worked = She worked better the less she worried.
她越少擔心，工作做得越好。
The higher the velocity of steam, the greater (is) the turbine speed. = The turbine speed is greater the higher the velocity of steam is.
蒸汽速度越高，汽輪機轉(zhuǎn)得越快。
the more … the more …結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一個the more …是從句。倘若主句放在前面時，就要恢復正常語序，比較級后置省去the。
6、Upon arrival, my uncle hugged Pompy and tried to give him courage.
一到，我叔叔就緊緊擁抱龐比，想要鼓起他的勇氣。
upon/on 在這里意為一……，一當……，又例：
Upon/On his return from Europe, he set out to write a book.
The students stood up on/upon the entrance of the headmaster.
校長一進來學生們就起立。
On/Upon arriving at the railway station, he found the train gone.
I shall write to Max on hearing from you.
7、He looked asleep more than dead. 他看上去象睡著了，而不是死去。
more … than …在這句中有“與其說…不如說…”之意：
He is more mad than stupid. 說他蠢不如說他瘋了。
She was more sad than angry when her son lied again.
當她兒子再次說謊時，她不是生氣而是傷心之極。
more than也有類似用法，注意譯文：
He is more than a teacher. He is our close friend.
他不止是老師，他是我們的知心朋友。
I was more than pleased with my pay rise. I was over the moon!
我對漲工資高興極了，簡直樂上了天。
8、There’s some dirty weather knocking about. 壞天氣正在襲來。
knock about/around指存在在周圍但你又不知何時出現(xiàn)。
I think a snow storm is knocking about/around, though there’s no sign yet.
我認為有一場暴風雪會降臨，雖然現(xiàn)在還沒預兆。
9、What’s up? 發(fā)生什么事了？= What’s happened?
happening?
主語一般是what, something, anything etc:
He saw that something was up.
Is anything up?
“What’s up?” “發(fā)生什么事了？”
“Dirk has gone mad.” “Dirk氣瘋了�！�
10、She’s done for, … 船完蛋了。
do for 使完蛋（失敗了）
Last night’s hurricane did for my new house.
His corruption in “Oil for food” will do for his father’s future.
他在“石油換食品”行動中的腐敗行為會斷送他父親的前程。
常用被動式：
If he fails that test, he is done for.
At the end of a long day. I’m just about done for.
11、The worst was to come yet.
be to這里為be sure to又例：
As a young man, he did not know that he was to become famous later on.
他年輕時不知道他后來一定會出名的。
12、He listened for the first sounds of returning wind. 他留心去聽臺風來的前奏。
listen for 留心去聽，等著聽：
The boys are listening for the bell at the end of class.
Listen for the telephone ring.
13、The hurricane, with its power to sink ships and to destroy strong walls, had found this little ship in its path.
一股具有沉船破墻威力的颶風一路撲向小船。
注意find, see等的擬人用法，又例：
The bullet found its mark. 子彈打中了目標。
The small town has seen better days. 這個小鎮(zhèn)曾經(jīng)繁華過。
Dawn found the little match girl lying on the ground dead.
黎明時發(fā)現(xiàn)那賣火柴的女孩躺在地上死了。
14、The whole book is get in 1938. 這本書的時代背景設(shè)定在1938年。
這里set為設(shè)定規(guī)定之意又例：
Let’s set the time of the meeting.
I hate to set rules on anything.
The rate of interest is set at 2.5%. 利率定為2.5%。
[語法] 省 略
一、省略與省略性替代易混淆，真正的省略應符合以下條件：
1、省略部分明確，可恢復：
He borrowed a book from me, but I can’t remember which (book). （省略）
which one. （替代）
2、省略結(jié)構(gòu)必須是語法不足：
She might sing tonight, but I don’t think she will (sing tonight). （省略）
但下句Many buildings were damaged, but few were destroyed. （替代）
few不定代詞，代替少數(shù)建筑物。
3、被省略部分補上合乎語法：
Mum gets up earlier than I (get up). （省略）
I do. （替代）
me. （補上wake up不合語法。這句中than為介詞，me賓語，結(jié)構(gòu)上自足，不是省略。）
二、省略句的種類：
１、主語省略：
Beg your pardon. Glad to see you. Tastes like chicken.
２、主語連謂語的省略--全部或一部分：
Anything I can do for you?
Nice day again.
You old? Not a bit of it!
A good idea!
Anybody against it?
This way, please.
３、不定式to后的省略：
You don’t have to go there it you don’t want to.
He doesn’t play as much pc game as he used to.
４、前句中已出現(xiàn)的成分在后句中省略：
①對話中：
△“Are you tired?” “Not very.”
△“Shall I bring you a pen or a pencil?”
“Both, please.”
△“Have you spoken to him?” “Not yet.”
△“I hope I’m not disturbing you too much.”
“Certainly not.”
△“He won’t come.” “Why?”
△“The movie was very exciting.”
“Yes, and very instructive.”
②并列句中：
He majors in law, and I in physics.
We still have shortcomings, and very big ones too.
Jane likes poetry, and Lisa fiction.
I could have stayed home but I didn’t.
Snowy seemed sad, but Max happy.
Some went to the left, others to the right.
５、復合句中的省略：
Look out for cars when crossing the street.
She hurriedly left the room as if angry.
If necessary, I’ll have the room cleaned.
The sooner, the better.
Like father, like son. （有其父必有其子。）
Too bad you can’t play basketball with us.
Hope you like it.
同步練習
一、單項選擇：
１、They built a new hospital _______ distance of 100 meters from my home.
A. at the B. at a C. in a D. in the
２、At the sight of the small golden snake, those tough robbers ________.
Choose the wrong answer:
A. were scared B. were panicked C. were frightened D. panicked
３、The work as a teacher _______ patience as well as knowledge.
A. calls for B. calls in C. wants for D. needs for
４、They jumped with joy _______ the news that the Chinese team had defeated the Japanese team in the basketball match. Choose the wrong answer:
A. on hearing B. as soon as they heard
C. upon hearing D. having heard
５、There are always earthquakes ________ in this bay area.
A. knocked about B. knocking down C. knocking around D. knocked around
６、Money and women _______ for many high officials these years.
A. are done B. have done C. have been done D. were done
７、“Are your father an official?”
“No, but he used _______.”
A. to B.∕ C. so D. to be
８、The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked around as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see
９、________ still a young man, he wrote a very popular fantasy.
A. As B. When C. If D. Because
１０、I know nothing about the pretty girl _______ she comes from South Korea.
A. except B. except for C. except when D. except that
二、閱讀理解：
The native people of Australia are called Aborigines. Most of them live in the deserts of Australia, where they neither plant crops nor keep any animals. All the year round they wander through the deserts in search of food and water. They must depend on their own skills to track down wild animals to stay alive. It has been said that an Aborigine has the “eyes of an eagle”.
The following story shows how astonishing the Aborigines’ skill at tracking is:
A gold robbery in a small Australian town had left the police puzzled. They called on an old Aborigine tracker for help. The tracker found a set of bootprints in the dusty street, and said he thought they were the track of the thief. Before the tracker could follow the prints very far, however, a rainstorm broke and washed the tracks away. Sometime after that, the Aborigine was in another town, and his sharp eyes picked out the same bootprints he had seen days before. The police could hardly believe his story, but they went with him as he followed the tracks through the dirty streets and past the outskirts of the town. After about half an hour’s walk, the tracker stopped near a wooden house and simply pointed. And sure enough, the wanted man was hiding inside.
1、What kind of life do you suppose the Australian Aborigines live?
A. A lazy life. B. A hard life. C. A comfortable life. D. An easy life.
2、The old Aborigine lost the first tracks he had found because _________.
A. the streets were covered with dust.
B. he had been very tired after a long walk.
C. there had been a heavy rain.
D. many other people had walked through the streets.
3、At last the police caught the thief ________.
A. in front of a wooden house near the small town.
B. inside a wooden house in the small town.
C. near a wooden house in another town.
D. in a wooden house not far from another town.
4、The story mainly tells us that ________.
A. the police could do nothing without the Aborigine’s help.
B. the police were puzzled what to do with the thief.
C. the old Aborigine’s hunting skills helped the police to find the thief.
D. the old Aborigine made his living by tracking for the police.
5、Choose the best title for the article.
A. The Eyes of an Eagle.
B. How Aborigines Hunted Animals.
C. The Search for a Thief.
D. Aborigines’ New Ways of Life.
參考答案
一1、B 2、B 3、A 4、D 5、C 6、B 7、D 8、D 9、B 10、D
二、1、B 2、C 3、D 4、C 5、A