知識(shí)總結(jié)與歸納：
（一）單元分析：
主題：英國(guó)詩(shī)歌：英國(guó)詩(shī)歌的種類(lèi)，英國(guó)詩(shī)人，英國(guó)詩(shī)歌的發(fā)展。
閱讀材料：
1. English Poetry：介紹英文詩(shī)歌各個(gè)發(fā)展階段的概括，代表性的詩(shī)人，中國(guó)歷史上著名的詩(shī)人。
2. Songs and Poems：對(duì)詩(shī)歌的感受。
3. 現(xiàn)代詩(shī)歌的誕生。
交際功能：陳述個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)。
語(yǔ)法：過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)。
學(xué)習(xí)建議：
（1）運(yùn)用學(xué)過(guò)的構(gòu)詞知識(shí)掌握部分單詞的詞義，同時(shí)借助錄音帶掌握單詞的讀音。利用書(shū)后的練習(xí)：P29；P103-1，2鞏固所學(xué)的生詞。
（2）閱讀：充分利用Post-reading中的問(wèn)題去閱讀課文。抓住課文的如下要點(diǎn)：英國(guó)詩(shī)歌的不同時(shí)期的發(fā)展，各個(gè)時(shí)期的代表人物；與中國(guó)著名詩(shī)人的比較；詩(shī)歌翻譯的特點(diǎn)等。
（3）語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)：理解過(guò)去分詞做時(shí)間，原因，條件，讓步狀語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)的意義。通過(guò)大量的例句理解，句型轉(zhuǎn)換，造句，填空等練習(xí)掌握過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)的用法。
（二）本單元重點(diǎn)單詞用法：
1. pattern：型，模式，方式
The cloth has a pattern of red and white squares
The illness is not following its usual pattern.
What is the behavioral patterns that are typical of this social group ?
2. absence：不在，缺席，缺乏；常構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有：absence from：缺席；absence of / in the absence of：缺席，缺乏；absence of mind：心不在焉，神不守舍。
Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
His repeated absence from school is worrying
In the absence of the manager, I shall be in charge.
In the absence of any further evidence, the police were unable to solve the murder.
3. apart：相隔，相距，除去，單獨(dú)地。常用的短語(yǔ)：apart from：除了……以外，還有/ 沒(méi)有，相當(dāng)于besides 或except的用法。
Oceans apart, day after day, and I slowly go insane.
The boxes stood apart, waiting for the signal to start fighting.
The two villages are three miles apart.
Apart from being too large, it just doesn’t suit me.
Apart from sport, my other interest outside class is music.
4. recommend：推薦，介紹，建議
（1）表達(dá)“推薦，介紹”時(shí)，后面常跟介詞：as; for; to
Ask your teacher recommend poems to you.
They recommended him as a good manager.
The teacher recommended the book for the spare-time reading.
（2）表達(dá)“建議”后面接名詞，代詞后動(dòng)名詞，不定式做賓補(bǔ)。如果接賓語(yǔ)從句，從句的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是：主語(yǔ)+should do 或should be done ……。注意should 可以省略。
The doctor may recommend limiting the amount of fat in your diet.
I recommend you to think very carefully before you do anything foolish.
The committee has recommended that the training programme should be improved.
5. mood：心情，情緒，語(yǔ)氣。常用短語(yǔ)：be in good/bad mood; in the mood to do
His moods change very quickly, one moment he’s cheerful, and the next he’s complaining about everything.
The beautiful sunny morning put him in a good mood.
I’m very tired, and not in the mood to argue.
（三）注意下列短語(yǔ)的辨析：
1. call up：召喚，使人想起，調(diào)動(dòng)（力量，人員）；給……大電話(huà)；
call on / at ：拜訪(fǎng)某人 / 某地
call for：要求，接人
call in ：請(qǐng)來(lái)
Poetry also calls up all the colors, feelings, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
Your letter called up the days when we worked together.
The work calls for a lot of time and patience.
The police have been called in to keep order.
2. come into being：出現(xiàn)，形成，產(chǎn)生。（沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)）
come about：出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生 come up with：提出，想出
come to term with：甘心忍受，應(yīng)付
Modern English came into being from about the end of the 16th century.
She helps thousands of men and women come to term with lives.
Instead, the students have decided to come up with a peaceful solution.
（四）課文難點(diǎn)句解釋?zhuān)?/p>
1. More than any other form of literature, poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar.
詩(shī)歌勝過(guò)其他的文學(xué)形式，它靈活運(yùn)用聲音，詞匯和語(yǔ)法。
注意：more than any other結(jié)構(gòu)的意思：
例：
Rural life has changed more in the past 40 years than at any other time.
No one knows more about the history of my hometown than my grandpa.
The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar.
2. When you have read some Chinese poems, you will have seen and heard some of the features that al good poetry shares.
讀過(guò)一些中國(guó)詩(shī)歌之后，你就會(huì)看到，聽(tīng)到所有優(yōu)秀的詩(shī)歌共同具有的特色。
Feature：特征，特點(diǎn)。
3. Shakespeare is most famous for his plays. 莎士比亞主要因其戲劇而聞名世界。
Most前面沒(méi)有冠詞，表示：非常，很，相當(dāng)于very
4. Chinese readers admire his works because of his use of surprising images that reminds them of the works of poets such as Su Dongpo.
中國(guó)讀者欣賞他的作品，是因?yàn)樗褂昧钊梭@奇的意象，是使人想起蘇東坡等人的作品。
Remind…of….：提醒某人，使某人想起……
5. Besides, no mater how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.
另外，一首詩(shī)不管翻譯得多么好，都會(huì)丟掉原作的一些神韻。
注意：no matter+疑問(wèn)詞+從句：無(wú)論……
No matter who told you about some news, you can’t make any comment on it until you check it up.
【典型例題】
一. 單項(xiàng)選擇：
1. Eating too much fat can ____ heart disease and cause and high blood pressure.
A. stick to B. attend to C. contribute to D. devote to
分析：contribute to：固定短語(yǔ)：有助于，促成。食用過(guò)量的脂肪能誘發(fā)心臟病和高血壓。
答案：C
2. Do you know when the Great Wall ____?
A. came into being B. was come into being
C. has been come into being D. had been come into being
分析：come into being：出現(xiàn)，形成，產(chǎn)生。沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
答案：A
3. I can ____ him to you for the job. He is a very good worker.
A. suggest B. advise C. recommend D. prompt
分析：我可以把他推薦給你做這份工作，他是個(gè)優(yōu)秀的工人。recommend ：推薦；prompt：提升。
答案：C
4. I’m in no ____ this evening to listen to his silly jokes.
A. feeling B. attitude C. mood D. way
分析：be in no mood to do sth.：沒(méi)有心情做某事。
答案：C
5. When he beat the carpet, the ___ rose in clouds.
A. dust B. soil C. much D. powder
分析：他拍打地毯時(shí)，一陣灰塵飛起來(lái)。
答案：A
6. The room was furnished in different ___ of grey and yellow.
A. shades B. shelter C. shadow D. shape
分析：這個(gè)房間是用深淺不一的灰色和黃色的家具布置起來(lái)的。shade：色彩的濃淡深淺
答案：A
7. David ___ as a computer designer.
A. stands for B. stands out C. stands at D. stands in
分析：David是個(gè)出色的電腦程序員。stand out：杰出，引人注意。
答案：B
8. Do you think the bill can ____ Parliament ?
A. get along B. get through C. get on D. get up
分析：你認(rèn)為那個(gè)法案能在議會(huì)通過(guò)嗎？
答案：B
9. _____ the injuries to his face and hands, be broke both legs.
A. Beside B. Except C. But D. Apart from
分析：Apart from 相當(dāng)于besides除……以外，還有。
答案：D
10. In no country ____ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of single day.
A. other than B. more than C. better than D. rather than
分析：other than（除……以外，沒(méi)有）：據(jù)說(shuō)除了英國(guó)以外，沒(méi)有人能在其他國(guó)家一天之內(nèi)感受四個(gè)季節(jié)。
答案：A
【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：60分鐘）
一. 單項(xiàng)選擇：
1. Two-thirds of the members in the club ____ the wealthy class.
A. belong to B. are belonged to C. are belonging to D. belonging to
2. ___ the absence of these conditions, it won’t work well.
A. At B. On C. In D. To
3. He has no other interests, ____ his work.
A. far from B. away from C. apart from D. except that
4. The pupils were made to ____ yesterday’s lessons.
A. say B. speak C. tell D. recite
5. All the key words in the article are printed in ____ type so as to attract readers’ attention.
A. dark B. bold C. black D. blank
6. He is quite sure that it’s ____ impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.
A. absolutely B. fully C. very D. very much
7. Our new china has a flower ___on it.
A. shade B. symbol C. pattern D. sign
8. He recommended that a special committee ____ to look into the incident.
A. were set up B. was set up C. be set up D. set up
9. The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, ___ is often the case in other countries.
A. as B. that C. it D. this
10. The book is said _____ into many languages.
A. translating B. having translated C. to be translated D. to have translated
二. 完型填空：
The little train came to a stop at our station and we got out, very glad to be so near home at last. The ___1__ part of the journey from London had been quite comfortable; ___2___ when we had changed into the little train, we were, already tired and dirty, and the ___3___ run, with its frequent stops at unimportant villages, had only made us ___4__ tired and dirty.
There was a carriage ___5___ for us at the station, ___6___ by two black horses. As soon as we and our bags ___7__ in, the driver waved his whip and we set off through the snowy forest. Even __8___ the forest it was growing dark: it was the ___9__ day of the year, and the sky was __10__ with clouds. Among the trees it seemed as if it was in the middle of a moonless night, the oil lamps on our carriage __11__ just enough light for the driver to ___12___ his way and for us to be able to ___13___ that we were driving between thick walls of trees.
After __14__ seemed like two hours to us ( but was actually only an hour), at last we __15__ my friends house. First we saw a row of lights __16__ came from the windows, and then we were suddenly at the door, __17__ about half a dozen children __18__ all ages shouting and asking questions ___19___ together. As we were getting out of the carriage, a fine old lady with white hair came out, __20__ I recognized without difficulty as my friend’s mother.
1. A. first B. next C. one D. other
2. A. because B. however C. so D. but
3. A. rapidly B. fast C. thirsty D. slow
4. A. even B. less C. more D. much
5. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting
6. A. pulled B. pulling C. pushed D. pushing
7. A. stepped B. arrived C. already D. were
8. A. in B. near C. outside D. out
9. A. hottest B. longest C. happy D. shortest
10. A. covered B. hidden C. closed D. full
11. A. sent B. gave C. did D. made
12. A. take B. look C. feel D. see
13. A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk
14. A. it B. what C. might D. having
15. A. got B. reached C. visited D. observed
16. A. brightly B. shining C. which D. straight
17. A. with B. and C. seeing D. meeting
18. A. at B. in C. about D. of
19. A. every B. each C. all D. put
20. A. whom B. such C. which D. so
三. 閱讀理解：
Hong Kong pop star Zhang Guorong ,46,jumped out of a window of Mandarin Oriental Hotel at the start of April,2003,leaving behind sorrowful fans and（自殺）note which newspapers said was caused by emotional（情感的）problems. His death shocked the public and incident again brought a serious topic to light-suicide.
Zhang was best known globally for his part in the blockbuster film “Farewell My Concubine”, where he played a homosexual（同性戀的）Chinese opera singer. The popular 1993 film won a lot of awards including the world-famous Palmed’ Or at the Cannes Film Festival. However, such achievements could not make Zhang content with his life. It was report that long before his death, Zhang had been suffering from depression（意志消沉）. His tragedy shows we need to learn how to reduce the pressure from our society by happily and naturally facing life. Depression, a mental illness, and suicide have often been highlighted in the past as serious social problems-and for good reason.
According to experts, about 5 to 20 percent of people are suffering from depression, some of whom are not even aware of the illness. And alarmingly, 10 to 15 percent of people suffering from depression will be likely to commit suicide.
Statistics（統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家）also show suicide is the leading cause of death among young adults. It leads to 3.6 percent of all deaths each year in China, a survey said. Last year, 287,000 Chinese died after committing suicide. The female rate is 25 percent higher than the male rate. For this reason, the media must highlight the negative（負(fù)面的）influence of Zhang’s tragedy in its reporting. It is shameful to talk too much about his death. Although his achievements in the arts were great, his final choice cannot be praised, let alone calling his death a “perfect end” to a shining life.
The media should guide people-especially Zhang’s fans-to shake off their sorrow quickly, learn a lesson from their idol’s tragedy, find a release from the pressure of their lives and value their priceless lives.
1. Why on earth did Zhang choose to kill himself in such a way ?
A. Because he was not as popular as he was before.
B. Because he was disappointed at his life.
C. Because he suffered from high pressure from his fans.
D. Because he dropped out of the hotel accidentally.
2. What does the word “blockbuster” in paragraph 2 probably mean ?
A. Most popular B. Very interesting C. Ordinary D. Boring
3. From the passage we can know ____.
A. more men commit suicide than women in our country.
B. suicide only takes a small part in the deaths of young adults.
C. it is not right for the media to report the “perfect end” of Zhang widely.
D. people never content with their achievements and life will often commit suicide easily.
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage ?
A. It made little difference whether Zhang died or not among his fans.
B. It was something happening suddenly that caused Zhang’s suicide.
C. Not all the people who suffer from depression know their case clearly.
D. Zhang called on people to make a choice to value their lives.
5. What’s the best title of the passage ?
A. The End of a Famous Star B. Depression Caused the Tragedy
C. How to Face Suicide D. A Perfect End of Life
【試題答案】
一. 單項(xiàng)選擇：
1. A
解析：belong to沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
2. C
解析：in the absence of：不在的時(shí)候，沒(méi)有……的時(shí)候。
3. C
解析：Apart from相當(dāng)于except除……以外，沒(méi)有。
4. D
解析：學(xué)生們被要求背誦昨天的課文。
5. B
解析：bold type：粗體字。
6. A
解析：impossible不能被very 或very much修飾。fully：全面，徹底。
7. C
解析：我們的新瓷器上有花紋圖案。
8. C
解析：recommend（建議）后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should do或should be done結(jié)構(gòu)，should 可以省略，句中set up與主語(yǔ)a special committee具有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
9. A
解析：英國(guó)人對(duì)與其不同的文化和行為方式不太熟悉，其他國(guó)家也往往如此。As引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面全句的內(nèi)容。
10. D
解析：句型is said to have been done ：據(jù)說(shuō)已經(jīng)被……
二. 完型填空：
1. A
解析：分號(hào)把旅途前后兩段進(jìn)行對(duì)照，此處是旅途的第一部分。
2. D
解析：but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，前一段旅行comfortable，而后一段卻tired and dirty,形成鮮明的對(duì)比。
3. D
解析：the表明run是名詞，表示小火車(chē)的行進(jìn)旅程。下文with its frequent spots at unimportant villages 表明此處火車(chē)行駛的很慢。
4. C
解析：even 和much 是修飾比較級(jí)的。根據(jù)上下文提到的旅途勞累，應(yīng)填more
5. C
解析：有一輛馬車(chē)正在站臺(tái)等我們。Doing短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ).
6. A
解析：后面的介詞短語(yǔ)by two black horses表明用pulled，過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)修飾carriage。
7. D
解析：根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)，此處應(yīng)填be動(dòng)詞。
8. C
解析：根據(jù)it was growing dark 和even 判斷,此處是指outside。
9. D
解析：本句進(jìn)一步解釋前一句it was growing dark，一年中白天最短的時(shí)候，天黑得最早。
10. A
解析：天空布滿(mǎn)烏云。Be covered with結(jié)構(gòu)。
11. B
解析：give light指發(fā)光。
12. D
解析：上文 the oil lamps on our carriage gave just enough light表明，駕車(chē)人能看清道路。
13. A
解析：而我們也能知曉我們正行駛在濃密的森林中。Tell在此表示：知曉。
14. B
解析：what表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于the time which
15. B
解析：我們終于到達(dá)了朋友的家。Reach：及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接地點(diǎn)。
16. C
解析：__16__ came from the windows是定語(yǔ)從句修飾lights, 有which引導(dǎo)。
17. A
解析：以下三個(gè)空的句子是含with +名詞+doing結(jié)構(gòu)的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
18. D
解析：all ages：不同年齡，表示多大年齡的人用介詞of 連接。
19. C
解析：all together：大家一起。修飾前面的shouting and asking questions.
20. A
解析：先行詞the old lady 表明此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是由關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中做recognized 的賓語(yǔ)。
三. 閱讀理解：
1. B
解析：從第二段第四句His tragedy shows we need to learn how to reduce the pressure from our society by happily and naturally facing life. Depression, a mental illness, and suicide have often been highlighted in the past as serious social problems-and for good reason.表明，生活中的壓力使其意志消沉，因?yàn)檫@種情緒長(zhǎng)期得不到排解而自殺。
2. A
解析：這句話(huà)的意思是Zhang因 “Farewell My Concubine”這部影片而一炮走紅，聞名于世。說(shuō)明blockbuster意思是most popular。
3. C
解析：從第四段最后兩句For this reason, the media must highlight the negative (負(fù)面的) influence of Zhang’s tragedy in its reporting. It is shameful to talk too much about his death. Although his achievements in the arts were great, his final choice cannot be praised, let alone calling his death a “perfect end” to a shining life.表明媒體不應(yīng)該廣泛地報(bào)道他的“perfect end”。
4. C
解析：根據(jù)第三段第一句According to experts, about 5 to 20 percent of people are suffering from depression, some of whom are not even aware of the illness.可知并不是所有的人都能意識(shí)到這種現(xiàn)象的嚴(yán)重性。
5. A
解析：本文通過(guò)一個(gè)演藝明星自殺事件而引出的聯(lián)想，說(shuō)明藝人成功背后所承受的壓力。鼓勵(lì)我們要關(guān)愛(ài)生命，珍惜自我。