Unit11 Could you tell me where the restrooms are?
Target:
Ask for information politely.
Give the directions.
Grammar:
Object Clause-賓語(yǔ)從句
Vocabulary:
escalator, convenient, mall, subway, drugstore, restroom, furniture, department store, shampoo, advantage, disadvantage, exchange, main, fresh, block, uncrowned, staff, market, delicious
Phrases:
save money 攢錢，存錢 hang out 閑逛 shopping mall 商業(yè)區(qū)
turn left 左轉(zhuǎn) go past 走過(guò) movie theater 電影院，戲院
on the second floor 在第二層 next to 緊鄰
kind of 有點(diǎn) water slide 水滑道 dress up 盛裝，打扮
lend sth to sb. 把…借給某人 make request 提出要求，請(qǐng)求
depend on 依靠，取決于 lead in 引導(dǎo)，導(dǎo)入
in order to / not to do sth 為了（不）做某事
Sentence patterns:
Excuse me, do you know where I can exchange money?
Sure, there’s a bank on the second floor.
Take the escalator to the second floor.
Can you tell me where the post office is?
Turn left / right. Go past the drugstore.
There’s always something happening.
It’s also fun to watch people.
Watertown is a great place for the family to take a vacation.
Parents will spend many happy hours walking through the History Museum.
Grammar points:
賓語(yǔ)從句（object clause）
在句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，它可以做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)（見例1），也可以做介詞的賓語(yǔ)（見例2）。
1. I don’t know when we shall meet again.
我不知道我們什么時(shí)間會(huì)見面。
2. This reminded me of what he had once promised me.
這使我想起他曾對(duì)我的許諾。
賓語(yǔ)從句三要素：
1. 關(guān)聯(lián)詞
2. 語(yǔ)序
3. 時(shí)態(tài)
賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：
1）當(dāng)從句是陳述句時(shí)用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中可省略。
I hear （that） he will be back in a month.
2） 當(dāng)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用if 或 whether（是否）來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。
當(dāng)句末有or not時(shí)，只能用whether.
Will he come?
I don’t know if / whether he will come.
I was not sure whether he would come or not.
3） 賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用who, whose , whom, which, what, when, where, how, why等單詞引導(dǎo)。
The teacher want to know why he didn’t come to school yesterday.
I don’t know who can help me.
Can you tell me where I can buy some stamps?
賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序：
一定用陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在后。
I don’t know. Could he pass the exam?
I don’t know whether he could pass the exam or not.
我不知道他是否能通過(guò)考試。
Could you tell me? When will Tom come back?
Could you tell me when Tom will come back？
你能告訴我湯姆什么時(shí)候回來(lái)嗎？
賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)：
1）當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可以根據(jù)實(shí)際需要用各種時(shí)態(tài)。
He says that
he will ask Mr. Wu some questions.
Jim isn’t lazy.
Jim is doing very well in his lessons.
Jim may fall behind the other students.
2） 如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句必須用過(guò)去時(shí)的某種形式。
A. 從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作緊接發(fā)生，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
Mr. King didn’t know when his son came home
B. 當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，則從句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
He said he was working hard on his English.
C. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前，則從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
They asked me where I had been during the May day holidays.
D. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作后，則賓語(yǔ)從句用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
-The train is leaving ,but Tom hasn’t arrived yet.
- Well, he said he would come on time.
E. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是 客觀真理，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The teacher told us that the moon travels round the earth.
Language points:
1. Can you tell me where I can get a dictionary?
這種句式經(jīng)常用于問(wèn)路。
類似的句式還有：
Do you know where I can buy shampoo?
Could you tell me how to get to the post office?
Could you tell me the way to the bank?
2. Take the elevator to the second floor.
take有“乘坐”的意思。 如take a bus
3. We decided to talk to some students about why they go there?
decide to do sth/ decide not to do sth
He decided to go to Shanghai tomorrow.
talk to sb. about sth.
I want to talk to you about your work.
4. I go to the mall because my friends hang out there.
hang out 閑逛，hang about也有類似的意思。
注意：hang的不同形式的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞表示不同的意思，使用時(shí)要注意
hang-hung-hung表示懸掛
hang-hanged-hanged表示絞死
She hung the clothes in the garden.
He was hanged for murder.
5. I prefer being outside. 我寧愿呆在外面。
6. There’s always something happening. 總有某些事情發(fā)生。
happening 是現(xiàn)在分詞表示伴隨，修飾something
There are some people standing together.
There is a boy having a rest.
happen 意思是“發(fā)生”，沒有被動(dòng)形式，只有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
表示某事發(fā)生在某人身上，用happen to sb.的短語(yǔ)
What happened to him last night?
happen to do 還有“偶然發(fā)生，碰巧”的意思
I happened to go out when you called.
7. I always spend too much money. 我總會(huì)花掉很多的錢。
spend money on sth
spend sth on sth. / （in） doing sth
we spent a lot of money on the house.
He spent so much time doing his math homework yesterday.
too much + 不可數(shù)名詞
much too + 形容詞，副詞
There’s too much snow, but it’s so cold.
It can’t be John’s T-shirt, because it’s much too small.
8. Is that a good place to hang out?
to hang out 是動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)后置，修飾a good place
9. Go past the park. 走過(guò)公園。
past此處是介詞，意思是“越過(guò)”
A boy is running past the garden.
the past,名詞， 意思是“以前，過(guò)去，往事”
I will never forget the past.
In the past, there were often three or four kids in a family.
pass 動(dòng)詞，是“經(jīng)過(guò)”的意思
10. A different rock band plays at Uncle Bob’s every night.
Uncle Bob’s 后面的名詞如指商店、家等常常省略。
At that time, she was at the doctor’s. doctor’s=doctor’s office
Last year we went to my uncle’s for vacation. Uncle’s=uncle’s home
11. They have organized games and the staff dress up as clowns.
他們組織了游戲，并且員工們化裝成小丑。
staff 指一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的全體工作人員
The staff in the company are all hard-working.
dress up 盛裝，裝扮
裝扮 she wants to dress up as a princess.
穿上盛裝 she has dressed up for the big party.
wear意思是“穿著（衣服）”，表示一種狀態(tài)
She always wears a blue scarf in winter.
put on指穿衣服的這個(gè)動(dòng)作
Before he went out, he put on the black coat.
Reading
12. Could you please lend me your pen? 你能借給我你的鋼筆嗎？
lend, borrow都有借的意思，但意思和使用均不同
borrow sth from sb.
Yesterday Tom borrowed my bike.
13. …, so knowing how to ask for information politely is important.
how to ask for information作knowing 的賓語(yǔ)
ask for要求，請(qǐng)求
know 作主語(yǔ)要使用動(dòng)名詞knowing的形式
14. It’s important to use correct language, but sometimes this alone is not enough--we need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.
使用正確的語(yǔ)言很重要，但僅有這一點(diǎn)是不夠的--我們還需要學(xué)習(xí)怎樣禮貌地提出請(qǐng)求。
this指的是use correct language
alone在這里是“僅僅，只有”的意思。
15. …, we change the way we speak when talking with different people.
當(dāng)與不同的人交談時(shí)，我們改變說(shuō)話的方式
we speak 是定語(yǔ)從句，作the way的定語(yǔ)，意思是“說(shuō)話的方式”。
when walking=when we talk with different people
16. The expression you use might depend on whom you are speaking to or how well you know them.
你使用的表達(dá)方式可能取決于和你談話的人或者你對(duì)談話對(duì)象的了解熟悉的程度。
you use是定語(yǔ)從句，作the expression的定語(yǔ)
depend on依靠，取決于
You should always depend on your parents.
It depends on when he will come.
17. Usually in English polite questions are longer and include extra language such as “Could you please…?” or “Can I ask…?”
在英語(yǔ)中，禮貌的問(wèn)題往往比較長(zhǎng)并且包括額外的語(yǔ)言，比如Could you please…?或Can I ask…?
18. Sometimes, we might even need to spend some time leading in to a question or request.
有時(shí)候，我們甚至需要花時(shí)間來(lái)引入一個(gè)問(wèn)題或請(qǐng)求。
lead動(dòng)詞，lead in to是“引導(dǎo)，導(dǎo)入”的意思
19. It might seem that speaking politely is more difficult than being direct, and in a way this may be true.
看起來(lái)似乎禮貌地交流比直截了當(dāng)要困難一些，在某種意義上來(lái)說(shuō)是這樣的。
in a way 在某點(diǎn)上，在某種意義上
20. However, in order not to offend people, learning about language etiquette is just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary.
然而，為了不冒犯別人，學(xué)一些語(yǔ)言上的禮節(jié)和學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法和詞匯一樣重要。
offend 觸犯，冒犯 etiquette 禮儀，禮節(jié)
in order to do sth / in order not to do sth 為了（不）做某事
In order to buy the new bike, he decided to get a part time job to save money.
21. Doing this will also help you become better at English, or any other language you wish to speak.
這樣做可以幫助你提高英語(yǔ)，或者任何一種你希望學(xué)習(xí)的語(yǔ)言。
幫助某人做某事help sb do / help sb to do / help sb with sth
you wish to speak是定語(yǔ)從句，作language的定語(yǔ)，關(guān)聯(lián)詞省略
【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：90分鐘）
Unit 11 單元練習(xí)
選擇填空：
（ ）1. Could you please ________ us Mary’s telephone number?
A. to give B. give C. giving D. to giving
（ ）2. That is a good place ______ hang out.
A. for B. on C. to D. with
（ ）3. Can you please tell me where ____________ the post office?
A. to find B. can I find C. how to find D. find
（ ）4. Do you know where ______________ some maps?
A. can I buy B. can buy C. I can buy D. buy
（ ）5. Mr Tan makes the best noodles in town. They’re ___________.
A. sour B. delicious C. crispy D. salty
（ ）6. Do you know ________ there are any good restaurants _______ this block?
A. if, on B. how, on C. if, to D. where, to
（ ）7.I live next to Huapu supermarket. It’s very ____________.
A. beautiful B. clean C. delicious D. convenient
（ ）8. Do you know where ______________?
A. is the shop B. is shop C. shop is D. the shop is
（ ）9. ---Do you know how to go the restrooms?
---____________
A. Yes, I can. B. I could. C. Sure. D. I could tell you.
（ ）10. ---Where is the bookstore?
---Take the elevator ______ the second floor and turn left. And the bookstore is ________ the furniture store and the drugstore.
A. at, next to B. to, between C. in, between D. to, next to
完型填空
Everyone needs friends. We all like to __1__ close to someone. __2__ is nice to have a friend to talk , laugh ,and do things with. __3__, sometimes we need to be alone. We don’t always want people __4__. But we would feel lonely if we never have a friend.
No two people are __5__ . Friends sometimes don‘t get on well. That doesn’t mean they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make up and become __6__ again .
Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very __7__. We miss them very much, but we can call them and write to them . It could be that we could even see them again. And we can __8__ new friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them .
There’s more good news for people who have friends. They live longer than people who don’t. Why ? It could be that they are _9_. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares about you, you take __10__ care of yourself.
（ ）1. A. look B. watch C. feel D. see
（ ）2.A.It B. He C. There D. Someone
（ ）3.A.Hardly B. Nearly C. Suddenly D. Certainly
（ ）4.A.alone B. away C. all over D. around
（ ）5.A.friendly B. kind C. just the same D. quite different
（ ）6.A.friendly B. good C. pleased D. friends
（ ）7.A.angry B. sad C. happy D. alone
（ ）8.A.look for B. find C. make D. know
（ ）9.A.happier B. stronger C .kinder D. richer
（ ）10.A.less B. better C. little D. no
閱讀理解
A
Experts say that students usually need eight to ten hours’ sleep at night , but more Chinese students do not get enough sleep. Some Chinese parents are usually glad to see their children studying late. They will think their children work very hard. But not all parents are happy about this. Once a mother told us that every morning her 10-year-old boy put up one finger with his eyes still closed ,begging（央求） for one more minute to sleep . Like thousands of student "early birds" in China, he has to get up before six every morning.
A report shows that a good night’s sleep , students seem to be weaker than they should be. Many students have fallen asleep during class at one time or another. Too much homework is not the only reason why students stay up late . Some watch TV or play the computer games late into the night.
Experts have ever said that students should develop good study habits. So some clever students never study late, they are able to work well in class.
（ ） 1.The 10-year-old boy begged for one more minute to sleep because_____.
A. he didn‘t have enough sleep B. it wasn’t time for him to get up
C. he didn‘t want to go to school D. he wanted his mother to wake him up
（ ） 2.In this passage “early birds” means persons who ______.
A. get up early B. get up late C. sleep less D. don’t want to sleep
（ ） 3.From the passage we know if students don’t get enough sleep, they may ______.
A. become too weak to sleep B. not work well in class
C. go to bed early D. be weak in English
（ ） 4. “Stay up late” here means _____.
A. study late B. watch TV late
C. not go to bed until late D. stay outside
（ ）5.According to the passage , which of the following is right ?
A. If you want to study better, you must work hard
B. Sleeping less means working hard
C. Some clever students can work well in class because they have good study habits.
D. Students don’t have enough sleep only because they have a lot of homework to do.
B
One evening two young men were walking in the street together. They tried to find a chance to steal something. The clock struck twelve. Most of the people went to bed. Quickly they came to a house and it seemed that everyone in the house had fallen asleep. Standing at the front gate , one said in English to the other in a low voice , “You wait here. I’ll go around to the back door and then get into the house.” Suddenly out of the house ran a dog, barking at them. The two men were very frightened and ran away as fast as they could. Finally, they stopped at a lonely place. The man said breathlessly, “It’s too bad. I hadn’t expected that the dog could understand English.”
（ ） 1.Why did the two men walk in the street one evening ?
A. They couldn’t fall asleep B. They wanted to steal something
C. They would like to take a walk D. They went to visit their friends
（ ） 2. “One said in English to the other in a low voice.” From this sentence we know ____.
A. he didn’t know English B. he liked speaking English quietly
C. he couldn’t speak loud D. he was afraid of waking up others
（ ） 3.The dog ran out of the house and barked at them only because _______.
A. it understood English B. it knew them
C. it found someone outside D. Both B and C
（ ） 4. At last the two young men _______.
A. stole nothing B. stole something expensive
C. were bitten by the dog D. were bitten by the police
（ ） 5. What did the owners do while the dog was barking ?
A. They stopped it. B. They got up quickly.
C. They shouted for help. D. The story didn’t tell us.
綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用
一、按要求，將所給的單詞分類（寫字母）
A. clean B. mall C. dictionaries D. uncrowded E. furniture F. restaurant
G. delicious H. restroom I. convenient J. museum K. money L. shampoo
1. Can you tell me how I can go to the _____ _____ _____ _____?
2. Do you know how I can buy some _____ _____ _____?
3. I think the subway is _____ _____ ______ .
二、寫作
Some teachers /students are visiting our school. Please guide for them. 今天，學(xué)校迎來(lái)了一些來(lái)參觀的老師和學(xué)生，請(qǐng)你以一名小導(dǎo)游的身份，寫一篇發(fā)言稿，介紹一下學(xué)校的情況。（學(xué)校的設(shè)施，方位以及如何前往等等）
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome to our school! I’m Li Ming. And I’m very glad to be here to introduce our beautiful school. Hope you have a wonderful day!
First, __________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練
I. 單項(xiàng)選擇：
1. He said _________ there was going to be a meeting that evening.
A. what B. if C. that D. how
2. I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get B. why he gets C. why does he get D. why he got
3. I'll show you a store where you can buy ________ you need.
A. which B. that C. how D. what
4. Have you seen Tom recently? I wonder ________ with his studies.
A. how is he getting along B. that he gets along well
C. what he is getting along D. if he is getting along well
5. I wondered how much ________ .
A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost
C. the watch costs D. the watch cost
6. -Has Tom arrived yet ?
-No, but he said he ________ a bit late.
A. would come B. had come C. came D. had been coming
7. Do you know how much hot water ?
A. Mum is needed B. does Mum need
C. Mum needs D. did Mum need
8. I really don't know ________ .
A. that I'll go B. whether I'll go or not
C. whether to go and stay D. if go or stay
9. He asked ________ I understood ________ he meant.
A. whether; what B. if; that C. when; which D. why; where
10. Can you tell me ?
A. where he is B. where is he C. he is where D. what is he
11. I didn’t know how to London?
A. would they go B. are they going
C. they would go D. they are going
12. I want to know how long
A. has he been back B. has he come back
C. he has been back D. he has come back
13. Do you know ?
A. what the news are B. what is the news
C. what the news is D. what are the news
14. Could you tell me we get to the plane?
A. how B. whether C. where D. what
II. 把下列句子合并為一句（把下列句子改為賓語(yǔ)從句）。
1. Meimei is the best in the class. I know.
I know ___________ ___________ ___________ the best in the class.
2. Where does Mike live? Do you know?
Do you know ____________ ___________ ___________ ?
3. Whose picture is the most beautiful? Can you tell me?
Please tell me ___________ ___________ ___________the most beautiful.
4. “What are they looking for?” Did you know.
Did you know ___________ ___________ ___________ looking for?
5. “Does her father work on that farm?” Can you tell me?
Can you tell me ____________ her father ___________ on that farm ?
6. Do you need some more water? He asked.
He asked _________ you _________ some more water.
7. Where does she come from? Can you tell me?
Can you tell me _________ she _________ from?
8. Did his father work there last year? I want to know.
I want to know _________ his father _________ there last year.
9. Does Mrs Brown work in a middle school? Do you know?
Do you know _________ Mrs Brown _________ in a middle school?
10. What were you doing at that time? Can you tell me?
Can you tell me _________ _________ _________ doing at that time?
11. Are you from Shanghai? I want to know.
I want to know _________ you _________ from Shanghai.
12. Can you go with me? She said to us.
She asked us _________ __________ _________ _________ with _________.
13. Stop talking! He said to us.
He asked us _________ _________ _________.
14. How did you find your way here? He asked her.
He asked her _________ _________ _________ her way.
15. I’ll buy the ticket for the film tomorrow. Tom said.
Tom said _________ _________ _________the ticket for the film the next day.
16. What are you doing now? Mother said to John.
Mother asked John _________ _________ _________ _________.
17. Kate asked Jack. Where does he live?
Kate asked Jack where _________ _________.
【試題答案】
Unit 11 單元練習(xí)
單選 1-5 B C A C B 6-10 A D D C B
完型 1-5 C A D D C 6-10 D B C A B
閱讀 A： A A B C C B： B D C A D
單詞分類：1. B F H J 2. C E L 3. A D I
寫作： Answers will vary.
賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練
一、1-5 C D D D D 6-10 A C B A A 11-14 C C C A
二、1. that Meimei is 2. where Mike lives
3. whose picture is 4. what they were
5. whether works 6. whether needed
7. where comes 8. whether worked
9. whether works 10. what you were
11. whether are 12. whether I could go her
13. not to talk 14. how she found
15. he would buy 16. what he was doing
17. he lived