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      2. (上海牛津版)初一英語(yǔ)同步輔導(dǎo)(含同步練習(xí))Unit 3

        發(fā)布時(shí)間:2016-10-3 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機(jī)版

        Unit 3

        相關(guān)語(yǔ)法:

        1、祈使句

        2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)及用法

        3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can 的用法及相關(guān)句型

        Unit 3 語(yǔ)言項(xiàng)目

        [相關(guān)語(yǔ)法]

        一、 祈使句:

        定義:表示命令與請(qǐng)求的句子

        分類:

        1、Don’ t + 動(dòng)詞原形→ Don’ t talk. 不許講話。

        2、No +名詞→ No photos. 不許拍照。

        3、No + 動(dòng)ing→ No smoking. 禁止吸煙。

        4、動(dòng)詞直接開頭 Look at the sign. 看標(biāo)志牌。

        二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)及用法

        1、現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)律

        (1)直接在行為動(dòng)詞之后加-ing 。如: eat- eating , study – studying , work – working, play – playing 等。

        (2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的,去e后加- ing 。 如: write – writing, close – closing, come- coming, make – making 等。若結(jié)尾的e 發(fā)音,就不能去掉。如:see - seeing等。

        (3)以一個(gè)元音字母加上一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾,且該音節(jié)為重讀閉音節(jié)時(shí),要雙寫詞尾字母,然后加- ing 。如: get – getting, sit – sitting, run – running, put – putting, swim –swimming, begin – beginning等。若結(jié)尾是元音字母加輔音字母組合,就直接加 –ing 。如:drawing, playing等。

        2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句式變化

        肯定句式:主語(yǔ)+be (am , is , are )+ 現(xiàn)在分詞+其它。

        否定句式:主語(yǔ)+ be(am, is , are )+ not +現(xiàn)在分詞 + 其它。

        一般疑問(wèn)句:Be (Am , Is , Are )+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它?

        特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+be (am, is , are )+ 主語(yǔ) + 現(xiàn)在分詞+其它?

        3、在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常用以下幾種情況:

        (1)當(dāng)句子中有now時(shí),常表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:They are playing basketball . 現(xiàn)在他們正在打籃球。

        (2)以look, listen 開頭的句子,提示我們動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,這時(shí)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:Listen ! She is singing a song.聽,她正在唱歌。Look ! They are drawing 看!他們?cè)诋嫯嫛?/p>

        (3)表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,且此時(shí)有this week , these days等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),這時(shí)常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:These days we are making plane model. 這些天我們?cè)谧鲲w機(jī)模型。

        三、can的用法

        (1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can用來(lái)表示“請(qǐng)求”或“允許”。如:Can I borrow your bike? 我能借你的自行車嗎?用作一般的請(qǐng)求時(shí),其肯定回答可以是Of course you can , 也可不用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如:Yes, please./Of course . /Certainly./sure. 其否定回答可以是 No, you can’t也可以是I’ m afraid not .如:-Can I use your pen? 我可以用一下你的鋼筆嗎?-Yes you can. / Yes , please.可以。/可以,請(qǐng)用吧。(-No, you can’t . / I’m afraid not. 不行。/恐怕不行。)

        (2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 可用來(lái)表示“可能性”。如:It can be dangerous. 這可能有危險(xiǎn)。

        (3)I can paint 我會(huì)畫畫。

        can是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,意為“能,會(huì)”。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化,即主語(yǔ)可以是任意人稱。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ),常與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ),表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣和情態(tài)。如:He can come. 他能來(lái)。(肯定句)I can’ t see the words on the blackboard. 我看不見黑板上的單詞。(否定句)-- Can he write ? 他會(huì)寫字嗎?(一般疑問(wèn)句)-- Yes , he can 是的,他會(huì)。-- No ,he can’t .不,他不會(huì)。

        關(guān)于交通方式的說(shuō)法:

        How do you go to the park? 你怎么去公園?

        I go to the park by bus . 我乘公共汽車去公園。

        I go to the park by car. 我坐汽車去公園。

        用“by +交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。此時(shí)交通工具的名詞只能用單數(shù),不能用復(fù)數(shù),也不能被冠詞或物主代詞等修飾。如:by bike 騎自行車,by bus 乘公共汽車,by underground乘地鐵,by car 乘汽車,by train 乘火車,by ship乘船,by plane乘飛機(jī)等。

        Kally walks to school. 凱麗走著去學(xué)校。

        此句的同義句是:Kally goes to school on foot.

        walk to 意為“走著去……”。

        表示“步行去某地”,可用下列兩種句式:

        (1)go to + 某地+ on foot 。如:She goes to work on foot. 她步行去上班。

        (2)walk to +某地。如:He walks to school every day .= He goes to school on foot every day. 他每天步行去上學(xué)。

        注意:

        ①walk不可與on foot連用。如上述例句不可說(shuō)成:He walks to school on foot every day.

        ②walk to 后接地點(diǎn)副詞here, there , home 時(shí),介詞to要省去。如:I usually walk home.我通常步行回家。

        語(yǔ)言目標(biāo):

        Don ’t ride your bicycles here .不許在這兒騎自行車。

        No bicycles .禁止騎自行車。

        No ball games after 5 p.m. 五點(diǎn)以后禁止玩球。

        Can you swim? 你會(huì)游泳嗎?

        Yes ,I can.是的,我會(huì)。

        No , I can’t .不,我不會(huì)。

        What can you do? 你會(huì)做什么?

        I can play football .我會(huì)踢足球。

        I can’t ride a horse. 我不會(huì)騎馬。

        What ’s the boy doing? 這個(gè)男孩在做什么?

        He is singing . 他在唱歌。

        You can’t play ball games in the classroom.你不可以在教室里玩球。

        【模擬試題】(答題時(shí)間:40分鐘)

        一、字母組詞

        1. All the students must _______(e r a d ) the passages three times.

        2. The cook is ______(o o k c i n g ).

        3. Do you like ______(i w n r g t i )?

        4. It takes me 2 days to _____(d a w r ) the picture.

        5. Can you _____ (i d v e ) ? No, I can’t.

        6. It’s dangerous to play on the ______(o r d a ).

        7. There are many books in our school _____(i b a l r y r ).

        8. Look! It is ______(a i r i n g n).

        9. You must look left and right before you_____(r o c s s ) the road.

        10. Where’s the _______(o i t l t e )? It’s over there .

        二、選擇并抄寫單詞

        1. Can we _____(look , watch ) television?

        2. You _____ (can , can’t ) make a noise in the library.

        3. There ______(is , isn’t ) any tea in the bag.

        4. ______ (Look , See )! They are coming.

        5. There’s the ______(red , green)light ,you can cross the road now.

        6. __________(How , What) do you come to school ?

        7. I go to the park _______ (by , on ) car.

        8. Kally _______ (walk ,walks ) to the shop .

        9. How long does it _______(take , cost ) from here to the library?

        10. Shall we travel by ________ (taxi , foot ) ?

        三、單項(xiàng)填空

        1. Look ! They _____ in the library .

        A. are read B. read C. can read D. are reading

        2. ---You can’t play games in the office . ---___________.

        A. I’m sorry B. Yes C. N o ,I can D. Thank you

        3. You can’t _______ in the classroom.

        A. write B. read C. play football D. study

        4. There _____ a book and two pencils on my desk.

        A. is B. are C. be D. isn’t

        5. --- Can I play in the street ?

        --- ________ . It ’ s dangerous.

        A. Yes , you can B. No , you can’t

        C. Yes , please D. No, thanks

        6. I go to the library _______.

        A. on feet B. by foot C. on foot D. on a foot

        7. -- _________ do you come here ?

        -- On a school bus .

        A. Where B. Why C. What D. How

        8. I go to school by bus , Peter ______ by taxi .

        A. go B. is going C. goes D. to go

        9. Does Kitty go to Beijing________?

        A. by a car B. on car C. by cars D. by car

        10. I fly to Shanghai means_______.

        A. I walk to Shanghai B. I go to Shanghai by car

        C. I go to Shanghai by air D. I go to Shanghai on air

        四、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

        1. You can’t smoke in the hall . ________ smoke in the hall .

        2. Why not ride a bicycle ? ______ _______ _________ ride a bicycle?

        3. It’s five thirty now. It’s _____ ______ five now .

        4. Do you have any apples? _____you _____any apples?

        【試題答案】

        一、1. read 2. cooking 3. writing 4. draw 5. dive 6. road

        7. library 8. raining 9. cross 10. toilet

        二、1. watch 2. can’t 3. isn’t 4. Look 5. green 6. How

        7. by 8. walks 9. take 10. taxi

        三、1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C

        7. D 8. C 9. D 10. C

        四、1. Don’t 2. Why don’t you

        3. half past 4. Have got

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