主講教師：邵磊
主審： 孫德霖
【教學(xué)內(nèi)容與教學(xué)要求】
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：
牛津高中英語模塊一Unit 3（上）
二、教學(xué)要求：
1．學(xué)會談?wù)摻】�、鍛煉，描述問題。
2．學(xué)習(xí)e-mail的寫作。
3．語法：非限制性定語從句、反意疑問句。
【知識重點與學(xué)習(xí)難點】
一、 重要單詞：
stay(系動詞：保持), slim, figure, weight, ashamed, recover, failure, contain, chemical, seldom, damage, attractive, touching, embarrassed, pressure, overweight, diet, properly, skinny, consider, fit(強健的), pill, appearance, especially, amazed, archery, squash, aerobics(有氧運動), triathlon(鐵人三項), category, partial(部分的), response, purpose, confirmation, actually, recognize.
二、重點詞組：
work out鍛煉、訓(xùn)練, go on diets/a diet實行節(jié)食, in secret私自, side effect副作用, put on weight體重增加, lose weight減肥, be ashamed of對….感到羞恥, an exact match for和….完全匹配的…， follow one’s advice聽從某人的建議, sound fun聽起來象是件有趣的事, team sport團隊運動, build up增強, regret doing sth后悔做了某事, risk doing sth冒做某事的風(fēng)險.
三、【語法術(shù)語】
non-restrictive attributive clause非限制性定語從句, question tag反意疑問句, positive statement肯定的陳述句, negative statement否定的陳述句, personal pronoun人稱代詞, auxiliary verb助動詞, model verb情態(tài)動詞, imperative clause祈使句.
【難點講解】
1. What do you do to keep yourself looking good and feeling good？
你是怎樣保持自己良好的外在形象和健康的身體狀況的？
詢問別人怎樣做某事的可以用“how do you…..?”也可以用“what do you do to….?”。例如：
How did you make the baby stop crying?
What did you do to make the baby stop crying?
Keep yourself looking good and feeling good是一個“動＋賓語+補語”結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語looking good and feeling good作賓補。
2. Dying to be thin….
這是個雙關(guān)語，既可以理解成“差一點為瘦身而死”，也可以理解為“迫切希望瘦身”。課文主人公Amy因為急切希望保持苗條的身材服用了一種減肥藥造成肝功能衰竭，差點丟了性命。用這個雙關(guān)語作課文的標題非常巧妙。
Dying 的本意是“快要死去的，而dying to do/be+adj或dying for+n則表示“迫切希望…..”。例如：
He is dying to see his homeland again.
I’m dying for a drink of rum.
She is dying for a chance to be back on the stage.
3. I know the pressure to stay slim is a problem, especially for an actress.
我知道保持苗條的壓力是一個，對于一位女演員來說更是如此。
4. I’m taking weight-loss pills called Fat-Less, which are quite popular among young women here.
我在服用一種叫“”的減肥藥，這種藥在年輕女性中很流行。
medicine 泛指藥物，尤指內(nèi)服藥，表示“治療…的藥”時后面跟介詞for: the medicine for cold。 Pill藥片、藥丸, ,表示“治療…的藥”時前面加定語：sleeping pills 。drug藥劑、麻醉藥、毒品，drug(s) 表示“治療…的藥”時和for/to treat連用。
5. She says health is priceless, and I agree, but then I look so slim at the moment.
她說健康是無價的，我同意她的說法，但是我現(xiàn)在看起來非常苗條。
后綴less加在名詞之后表示“沒有、缺乏”例如：hopeless, helpless, careless, homeless.注意， priceless和worthless, valueless的意思不同。Price指價格，加less表示“無法估價的”；worth, value指價值，加less則表示“沒有價值的。
Then和but連用，起到增強語氣的作用。
6. They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail.
那些藥里含有一種有害的化學(xué)成分，導(dǎo)致我肝功能衰竭。
7. I think you look great as you are.
我認為你現(xiàn)在這樣保持自然本色看起來就很棒。
As you are是狀語從句意思是“以你本來的面目”
As作連詞的用法較復(fù)雜，可以表示“當….時候、因為、既然、相比、雖然，按照…做、象…一樣、當做，還可以用來指代上文中提到的事情以避免重復(fù)。其中作“雖然、用來指代上文中提到的事情”兩種用法比較特殊，請看例句：
Alone as he is, he does not feel lonely.
Try as you would, you could not make him change his mind.
Harry is unusually tall, as are his brothers.
8. Remember to take it slowly at first and you will build your strength up quickly.
記住剛開始鍛煉時要慢些，你的體力很快就會增強。
Take 在這里意思是“從事…活動”it 指代sport/exercise。
Build up增強、增加，名詞build-up,例如：
The build-up of Japanese forces makes the neighboring countries very uneasy.
9. Some sports are usually done indoors, while others are done outdoors.
一些體育活動通常是在室內(nèi)進行的，另一些則是在室外。
Indoor、outdoor是形容詞，只能作定語使用; indoors/outdoors是副詞，作地點狀語。例如：
It is an indoor sport.
We can play the game indoors.
【語法】
一、非限制性定語從句
1) 定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開，例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）
2) 當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的，例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。
3) 非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝�，這就叫做蒸發(fā)。
說明：關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
二、反意疑問句：
（1） 反意疑問句是由陳述句以及其后面的簡略疑問句構(gòu)成，前一部分為陳述句，后一部分由助動詞或情態(tài)動詞 + 主語(人稱代詞)構(gòu)成，可表示真實的疑問。也可以表示說話者的某種傾向，強調(diào)或反問
It’s raining , isn’t it?
(2) 反意疑問句的前半部分陳述句是肯定的，則疑問部分為否定形式；反意疑問句的前半部分陳述句中若為否定，則疑問部分為肯定形式。
(3) 前半部分陳述句含有hardly, never, seldom, few, little等詞時，疑問部分為肯定形式。
We hardly know each other, do we?
There is little left for us to do, there is?
(4) 反意疑問句的前半部分陳述句中若使用了助動詞，情態(tài)動詞或 be 動詞，后半部分先重復(fù)這些動詞，然后 + not +主語，構(gòu)成簡略句
You can read this , can’t you?
She should have a rest , shouldn’t she?
(5) 如果反意疑問句前半部分肯定句中謂語動詞是實意動詞，后半部分一般由 didn’t / doesn’t 和didn’t + 主語構(gòu)成
We need some salad too , don’t we?
He looks like his father , doesn’t he?
(6) 祈使句后面的反意疑問句是will you/shall we?
Let’s stop quarreling and get down to business, shall we?
Come over to my house, will you?
【同步練習(xí)】
一、 單項選擇
1.Jane could hardly be called beautiful, ____________?
A. couldn’t she B. couldn’t Jane C. wasn’t she D. could she
2.Is this factory _____ you visited the other day?
A. which B. where C. to which D. the one
3.You will have some spare time _____ you can learn French at
home.
A. that B. which C. at which D. during which
4. We ought to make friends with such people _____ are kind and hard working.
A. who B. as C. that D. whom
5.I was so surprised that he returned home much earlier _____ was expected.
A. as B. than C. which D. /
6.He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.
A. which B. that C. where D. as
7.China is the birth place of kites, _____ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
A. from where B. which C. where D. as
8.That is the girl _____ father we have just been speaking.
A. of whose B. of whom C. whose D. who
9. Mayor will make an inspection of our school on Monday, _____ you can tell him how hard the situation we are in.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
10. We often think of the happiest days _____ we spent together on the island
A. when B. which C. that D. during which
二、 用下列單詞的適當形式填空：
figure, weight, shame, recover, fail, contain, chemical, embarrassed, pressure, properly, skin, consider, appear
1． She is on a diet to keep her ___________.
2． Everyone could see his __________ when he was caught stealing food from the frige.
3． Susan is not the _______ little girl she used to be.
4． You should be ________ of such behavior.
5． _______ is a subject that is learnt in the lab.
6． The UN has sent 9 __________ of relief supply to the earthquake area.
7． It is very ___________ of you to bring me such a useful gift.
8． Nowadays young people will do anything to improve their ___________
9． This kind of dress is not very _______ for the wedding.
10. Mr. Lee’s ________ was a painful and slow one.
11.His carelessness has resulted in another __________.
12._________ as he is, he can’t keep his hand form chocolate.
13. Reporters tried to _______ him for more information.
三、完形填空
With the long days of summer 1 and kids heading back to school, it seems that exercise should become easier to do instead of harder. But, for many parents, that isn't the 2 as schedules get crowed with activities, the sun goes down earlier and the stress of daily life sets in. Many people find 3 vowing(發(fā)誓) to start exercising at some later time when things calm down but, here's something you already know--life doesn't usually work that way.
4 of waiting for the 'right' time, why not start now? Getting exercise firmly established makes it easier for it to 5 a priority（要優(yōu)先做的事） for you. Trying to fit it into a crazy schedule later is hard to do and can result 6 stress, guilt and thicker waistlines（腰圍）. Staying fit takes a little work, but it's worth it in the long 7.
Any parent knows that planning and preparation can make a difference in how smoothly things go. Giving exercise that same kind of effort can help you make it happen.
Plan out your weekly calendar of work, family and other responsibilities.
Look for times you can squeeze in some exercise. 8 you only find 10 minutes here or there, that's 10 minutes you'll be moving instead of sitting.
Plan what you'll do and what you'll need to do it--e.g., if you're going to the gym you'll need to have your gym bag ready and snacks/meals ready to go. Prepare as much as you can beforehand for smoother workouts.
Look for creative ways to be active. One person who jogs around the soccer field at her son's practices. There’s another who rides bikes with his daughter every morning before school. Integrating(結(jié)合)exercise with other activities is one way to stay 9 and still keep up with responsibilities.
Set up a basic home gym. Even if you prefer a health club, having some basic equipment 10 as well as a few quality workout videos means you're always ready for a workout. Think resistance tubes or bands, an exercise ball and some dumbbells.
1．A. out B. go C. gone D. done
2. A condition B. case C. example D. reason
3. A. us B. them C. theirs D. themselves
4. A. Despite B. Approved C. Aware D. Instead
5. A. remain B. keep C. stay D. get
6. A. in B. from C. of D. over
7. A. time B. term C. run D. period
8. A. Even if B. As if C. As though D. Now that
9. A. well B. health C. fit D. happy
10.A.prepared B. available C. access D. responsible
【參考答案】
一、D A AC B, DAACC
二、1.figure 2. embarrassment 3. skinny 4. ashamed 5. Chemistry 6. containers 7. considerate 8.appearances 9. proper 10. recovery 11. failure 12. overweighed 13. press
三、CBDDA, ACACB