Topic 1 You should go to see a doctor
I. Language goal語言目標(biāo)
學(xué)習(xí)和談?wù)撋∪タ瘁t(yī)生的對話及過程。
II. Language structure語言結(jié)構(gòu)
學(xué)習(xí)提建議的方法和系動詞的用法。
III. Target language(重點(diǎn)句型)and Language points(重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn))
Section A
1. keep healthy (healthy形容詞→health(名詞))
保持……怎么樣keep(+形)或keep sb / sth + adj(形)
保持某人(某物)怎么樣
例:保持干凈。Keep clean.
保持教室干凈。Keep the classroom clean.
保持你們的眼睛是閉著的。Keep your eyes closed.
2. What’s wrong?怎么了?= What’s the matter?兩者常用來詢問人或事物的異常情況,若后面接賓語,則用with連接。
例:What’s wrong with your bike?
你的單車怎么了?
What’s wrong with you?你怎么了?= What’s the matter with you?
3. have a cold感冒
類似的詞組還有have a bad cold(得了重感冒)
have a fever(發(fā)燒)have a cough(咳嗽)但得了流感是have the flu(一定要用定冠詞the)have sore eyes(眼睛痛)have a sore throat(咽喉痛)
4. I have a toothache.我牙疼。
have a +(身體某部位的名詞+ ache)表示身體某處疼痛。
如:have a stomachache(胃疼) have a backache(背疼)
have a headache(頭疼)
5. You should see a dentist.
你應(yīng)該看看牙醫(yī)。
本句中should作情態(tài)動詞(上學(xué)期我們已經(jīng)學(xué)到過)用于向他人提出建議,后面接動詞原形。
如:You should go to school early.
你應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)上學(xué)。
should的否定形式為shouldn’t = should not.
You shouldn’t read in the sun.
你不應(yīng)該在陽光下看書。
You shouldn’t read for too long.
你不應(yīng)該看書看得太長時間了。
too long在這里是指太長時間了
6. take a rest = have a rest 休息
boiled water開水
7. You should stay in bed and have a good sleep.
你應(yīng)該呆在床上并且好好地睡一覺。
stay in bed一般指因身體不適而臥床休息,不用任何冠詞;lie in bed躺在床上;病倒在床ill in bed.
Section B
1. You look pale.你看起來蒼白。
look連系動詞,看起來……,后接形容詞。
如:He looks very young.
他看起來很年輕。
2. I’m sorry to hear that.
聽到這個消息我很難過。
可簡略地說成Sorry to hear that.用來表達(dá)對對方的關(guān)愛之情,如果聽到的是好消息,則說(I am)so glad to hear that. that在這里代替前面所說到的事情。
3. Maybe you have the flu.或許你得了流感。
Maybe或許,放在句首。
May be放在句中。
如:她或許在學(xué)校。
Maybe she is at school.
She may be at school.
4. You had better go to see a doctor.
你最好去看醫(yī)生。
had better相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動詞,其縮略形式為’d better。后面接動詞原形,是給人提出建議的一種方式。它的否定形式是在had better后面加not。如:
你最好馬上打電話給他。
You had better call him at once.
你最好不要吃辛辣的食物。
You’d better not eat hot food.
你最好吃些感冒藥。
You’d better take some cold pills.
5. Shall I take you to the hospital?
shall用于第一人稱(I and we)表示:
(1)請求給予指示:
How shall I cook it?
我該怎么煮這些東西?
(2)主動提供幫助:
Shall I wait for you?
要我等你嗎?
(3)提出建議:
Shall we meet at the theatre?
我們可以在劇院見面嗎?
我們本句中的shall是第二種用法。
6. I’ll take some medicine and see how it goes.
我想先吃些藥再說。
take some medicine服藥。it在此指病情,goes指事情的進(jìn)展。如:Everything goes well一切進(jìn)展順利。
7. day and night日日夜夜 brush one’s tooth刷牙
lie down躺下來
Hot tea with honey is good for that.
加蜂蜜的熱茶對那(治嗓子痛)有好處。
hot tea with honey 加了蜂蜜的茶。
coffee with sugar and milk加了糖和牛奶的咖啡。
be good for sth / sb表示對某人、某物有好處,與之對應(yīng)的為be bad for sb / sth對某人、某物不好(有害處)
如:看電視太多對眼睛不好。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
Section C
1. Michale had an accident yesterday.
邁克昨天出事故了。
accident指偶然發(fā)生的或大或小的事故。
have an accident出了事故。
traffic accident交通事故。如:
His father died in a traffic accident.
他的父親死于一次交通事故。
2. How are you feeling today?
你今天感覺怎樣?
一般用來詢問對方,關(guān)心對方的身體狀況,回答可以根據(jù)實(shí)際情況。如:
I’m feeling a little better.感覺好些了。
Not bad, thanks.還行,謝謝。 / It still hurts.還是疼。
3. Take these pills. Two pills each time and three times a day.
把這些藥吃了,一天三次,每次2片。
pills藥片,可數(shù)名詞。medicine內(nèi)服藥,不可數(shù)名詞。
take pills服藥,醫(yī)生的囑咐用語,然后描述每次藥的用量。each time(每次),three times a day(一天三次),time之意是次數(shù),是可數(shù)名詞,用于三次或三次以上。一次one,二次twice,time作為時間時,是不可數(shù)名詞。
I have no time.
我沒時間了。
4. Stay in bed and don’t move your leg too much.
臥床休息,腿不要動得太多。
too much在此處表頻率,用來修飾動詞,一般放在動詞后面。
另外:too much 太多,后接不可數(shù)名詞。too much milk
too many太多,后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。too many eggs
much too很,十分,表示程度。
如:Don’t drink too much water.
不要喝太多的水。
You shouldn’t eat too many candies.
你不應(yīng)該吃太多糖果了。
It’s much too expensive.
它實(shí)在太貴了。
Section D
1. I couldn’t read them until today.
直到今天我才看了它們。
not…until 直到……才
表示主句的謂語所表示的動作直到until狀語所表示的時間才發(fā)生。主句的謂語動詞多用短暫性動詞。
如:I didn’t go to bed until my parents came back.
我直到父母親回來才上床睡覺。
You couldn’t eat anything until you see the doctor.
直到看了醫(yī)生你才可以吃東西。
until直到……為止,表示主句的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的。表示動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到until所表示的時間為止。
The farmers work on the farm until it is dark.
農(nóng)民們在農(nóng)場上一直工作到天黑。
2. I’m sorry to know that both you and your sister are sick.
得知你和你的妹妹都病了,我感到很難過。
I’m sorry to know / hear that +句子,表示聽到對方遇到了不幸的事情,為對方難過,向?qū)Ψ奖硎就椤?/p>
sick表示生病,相當(dāng)于ill,be sick = be ill。但我們通常用sick修飾生病的對象,而不用ill。如:
He wants to visit his sick uncle.
他想去看看他生病的叔叔(在這里sick不能用ill來代替)。
He is ill. = He is sick.
both…and…,不僅…而且…,…和…(兩者)都,其謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
Both Jim and I are sick.
我和吉姆兩人都生病了。
Both Lily and Lucy are students.
莉莉和露西都是學(xué)生。
3. Drink plenty of boiled water.
喝大量的開水。
plenty of在這里是“許多”的意思,其后面接可數(shù)名詞,也可接不可數(shù)名詞。如:
plenty of eggs / milk大量的雞蛋/牛奶。
many, much, a lot of, lots of 都表示“許多”的意思。其中,many修飾可數(shù)名詞,如:many books。much修飾不可數(shù)名詞,如:much water大量的水。a lot of = lots of,既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞,和plenty of大致相等。
Grammar focus
1. Giving advice(提建議)and asking for advice.(征詢意見)。
(1)should +動詞原形。
You should go to see a doctor.
你應(yīng)該去看醫(yī)生。
(2)had better +動詞原形+…… 最好做某事
You had better go home now.
你最好現(xiàn)在回家。
(3)Shall we / I +動詞原形…… Will you +動詞原形……
我/我們可以…… 你可以……
Shall we meet at nine?
我們九點(diǎn)見面好嗎?
Will you clean the classroom?
你打掃一下教室好嗎?
How about playing basketball?
打籃球怎么樣?
What about flying kites?
放風(fēng)箏怎么樣?
(5)Let’s +動詞原形。讓我們做某事。
Let’s play football.讓我們?nèi)ヌ咦闱虬桑?/p>
2. 連系動詞的用法
連系動詞亦稱系動詞,它本身有詞義,但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語,后面必須跟表語構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),說明主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等。
(1)狀態(tài)系動詞(be)用來表示主語狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征。
如:I’m a teacher. 我是一名教師。
He was here just now.
他剛才在這里。
(2)持續(xù)系動詞,用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀態(tài)或態(tài)度。
主要有:keep, stay, remain等。
如:He always keeps silent at meetings.
他開會時總保持沉默。
We should stay happy.
我們應(yīng)該保持快樂。
(3)表像系動詞:用來表示“看起來像……”這概念,主要有l(wèi)ook、seem、appear等。
如:He looks tired.
他看起來很累。
He seems(to be)very sad.
他看起來很傷心。
(4)感官系動詞:主要有:feel(感覺),smell(聞起來),sound(聽起來),taste(嘗起來)等。
It feels very cold.
它摸起來很冷。
It tastes delicious.
它嘗起來很好吃。
(5)變化系動詞:表示主語變成什么樣,主要有:become(變得),grow(變得),turn(變得),get(變得),go(變得)。
The weather gets warmer and warmer.
天氣變得越來越暖和。
The leaves turn green.
樹葉變綠了。
【模擬試題】(答題時間:30分鐘)
一. 翻譯詞組
1. 感冒_______________ 2. 發(fā)燒______________
3. 咳嗽_______________ 4. 流感______________
5. 咽喉痛_____________ 6. 眼睛痛____________
7. 胃痛_______________ 8. 背疼______________
9. 牙疼_______________ 10. 頭疼_____________
11. 休息______________ 12. 開水_____________
13. 服藥______________ 14. 刷牙_____________
15. 直到……才________ 16. 大量、充足_______
17. 太多______________ 18. 躺下_____________
19. 日日夜夜__________ 20. 每次_____________
二. 選出可以代替劃線部分的選項(xiàng)
( )1. He has a lot of work to do.
A. much B. many C. a lots D. a lot
( )2. I’ll take some medicine.
A. has B. had C. have D. ate
( )3. I have a backache.
A. a pain back B. pain in my back
C. a hurt back D. a sore back
( )4. The students are sweeping the classroom now.
A. cleaning B. watering
C. showing D. washing
( )5. Li Fang is good at French.
A. likes B. does well in
C. works hard at D. gets ready for
三. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. He has sore _________ (eye).
2. I’m _________(feel)terrible.
3. You should take ____________(medicine)
4. You’d better brush your __________(tooth)twice a day.
5. His friend ____________(buy)a gift for her yesterday.
6. Thank you for ________________(ask)me.
7. You’d better ____________ (not carry)heavy things.
8. _____________(not worry)about that.
四. 翻譯句子
1. 她怎么了?
2. 你們不應(yīng)該在街上踢足球。
3. 他們?nèi)杖找挂沟毓ぷ鳌?/p>
4. 商店直到8點(diǎn)才開門。
5. 你最好多吃水果,多喝水。
6. 做眼保健操對你的眼睛有好處。
【試題答案】
一. 1. have a cold 2. have a fever
3. have a cough 4. have the flu
5. have a sore throat 6. have sore eyes
7. have a stomachache 8. have a backache
9. have a toothache 10. have a headache
11. have a rest(take a rest) 12. boiled water
13. take some medicine / take pills 14. brush one’s teeth
15. not…until 16. a lot of / lots of / plenty of
17. too many / too much 18. lie down
19. day and night 20. each time
二. 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B
三. 1. eyes 2. feeling 3. medicine 4. teeth
5. bought 6. asking 7. not carry 8. Don’t worry
四. 1. What’s wrong with her?
2. You shouldn’t play football in the street.
3. They worked day and night.
4. The shop didn’t open until eight o’clock.
5. You’d better eat a lot of fruit and drink plenty of water.
6. Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.