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      2. 人教新課標(biāo)高一下知識歸納(U22)

        發(fā)布時(shí)間:2016-9-26 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機(jī)版

        高一下知識歸納(U22)

        1.a(chǎn)musement n.娛樂、消遣、興趣;快樂的事,娛樂(品)

        [舉例](1)She looked at me in amusement.她很感興趣地看著我。

        (2)To our great amusement,the teacher sang a funny song during the class.

        老師在課堂上唱了一首滑稽的歌,令我們非常愉快。

        (3)There were lots of amusements at the fair.

        那展覽會(huì)場有很多有趣的東西。

        [拓展]amusement是由動(dòng)詞amuse(使……快樂;逗笑)加后綴ment構(gòu)成的名詞,要注意amuse的用法。

        [搭配] amuse sb(with)使某人開心/高興

        be amused at/by/with以……為樂

        be amused to do做……取樂

        [舉例](1)Her story amused the children greatly.

        她的故事逗得那些小孩子十分開心。

        (2)The girls amused themselves with dolls.

        那些洋娃娃使那些女孩玩得很開心。

        (3)The audience was amused by the magician’s tricks.

        觀眾被魔術(shù)師的戲法逗樂了。

        (4)I was very much amused to see the seal perform its tricks.

        我被海豹的特技表演給逗樂了。

        2.reason n.理由,原因

        [用法](1)reason后可接短語,構(gòu)成reason for sth或reason for doing sth.或直接跟不定式,構(gòu)成 reason to do sth.其意義都為“做某事的理由/原因”;

        (2)reason后也可接定語從句,一般由why引起;

        (3)當(dāng)reason作主語接一個(gè)表語從句時(shí),常常用that引導(dǎo)而不用why。

        [舉例](1)Give your reason for changing the plan.你說說改變計(jì)劃的原因。

        (2)There is reason to believe that he is dishonest.

        有理由相信他不誠實(shí)。

        (3)Do you know the reason why he came late? 你知道他遲到的原因嗎?

        (4)The reason why we are late is that our car did not come.

        我們遲到的原因是車沒有來。

        3.protect...from...“保護(hù)……”“不使受到……的損害”。

        [舉例](1)We must protect plants from the cold.我們要保護(hù)植物不受凍。

        (2)We’11 protect you from being insulted.我們將保護(hù)你不受侮辱。

        4.Environment n. 環(huán)境

        [舉例](1)a shady damp environment.陰暗潮濕的地方。

        (2)She tried hard to provide a proper environment for her child.

        她為了給孩子一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)沫h(huán)境而煞費(fèi)苦心。

        (3)We must protect the environment from pollution.

        我們得保護(hù)自然環(huán)境免于污染之害。

        5. prepare vt. 準(zhǔn)備;為…準(zhǔn)備

        [搭配] prepare sth準(zhǔn)備某事

        prepare for sth 為……而做準(zhǔn)備

        prepare to do sth 準(zhǔn)備做某事

        prepare sth for sth 為……準(zhǔn)備

        prepare sb for sth/to do sth 使某人為……而做準(zhǔn)備

        [舉例] (1) prepare one's lessons預(yù)習(xí)功課

        (2) She said she was going to prepare for her trip.

        她說她將為她的旅行做準(zhǔn)備。

        (3)Have you prepared to go on a trip? 你已準(zhǔn)備好去旅行了嗎?

        (4) I'm preparing my speech for the meeting. 我在為集會(huì)而準(zhǔn)備演講稿。

        (5)1 prepared him for the bad news. 我教他做好接受那壞消息的心理準(zhǔn)備。

        (6)Mother is preparing Father to enter the hospital.

        母親已在為父親做人院準(zhǔn)備。

        6. sure adj. 肯定的,確信的;一定會(huì)……的,有信心的,有把握的

        [搭配] be sure of/about 有把握,確信

        be sure to do 一定,必然會(huì),務(wù)必

        be sure that 確信,對…有把握

        make sure查明,弄清楚,確信,務(wù)必

        [舉例] (1)He is sure of his success = He is sure that he will succeed.

        他一定會(huì)成功。

        (2)It is sure to rain. 天準(zhǔn)會(huì)下雨。

        (3)He is sure to win. 他定會(huì)贏。

        (4)Make sure that the door is closed. 確信門是關(guān)著的。

        [拓展](1)sure為形容詞,可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句,表示確信、確定等含義。Certain用法同sure.還有些形容詞也可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句。如glad,happy,sorry,pleased等;

        (2) be sure of doing sth. 表示主語對做某事有信心;be sure to do sth.

        則表示推測,意為主語“一定會(huì)”。

        7.Be divided into two parts.被分為兩部分

        [用法]divide為及物動(dòng)詞。“分…” “劃分”,通常構(gòu)成divide sth.into"把……分成,…”,也可以用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)中。

        [舉例] (1)We must not divide our forces.我們決不可分散兵力。

        (2)Let's divide ourselves into two groups.我們分成兩個(gè)小組吧。

        (3)The apple was divided into two。蘋果被分為兩半。

        [辨析] divide與separate

        divide和separate都有“分”的意思,但用法有所不同。divide指把整體分為若干部分,separate指把原來聯(lián)合在一起或靠近的人或物分離開來。

        [舉例](1)I divided the cake in half.我把蛋糕分成兩半。

        (2)Oxygen can be separated from water.氧可以從水中分離出來

        8.risk vt.冒著……的危險(xiǎn),明知將遇(失敗等)而做……

        [用法]risk后常接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。

        [舉例](1)risk one’s neck冒生命危險(xiǎn),賭命

        (2)I will risk the punishment.我明知會(huì)受處罰也要做。

        (3)He has risked losing money to bet on the horse.

        他冒了輸錢的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)而押了那匹馬。

        9.takeoff(飛機(jī)等)起飛;(動(dòng)物、鳥等)躍起,跳起,飛起。

        [舉例]The plane took off very smooth. 飛機(jī)很平穩(wěn)地起飛了。

        10.besides除……之外;此外

        [舉例](1)Besides辦his work in physics he spent much time working for human rights and progress.

        除了物理學(xué)方面的工作外,他還花了很多時(shí)間為人權(quán)和人類進(jìn)步而工作。

        (2)I don’t like the shoes,besides,they are too expensive.

        我不喜歡這雙鞋,此外,他們太貴。

        [辨析]besides,except,but

        (1)besides,except,but作為介詞,都有“除……之外”的意思,但用法有些不同。besides的意思是“除……之外,還有……”,是肯定的;而except(but)的意思是“除……之外,沒有……”,是否定的。

        [舉例](1)All came back besides Kate.除了凱特回來以外,其他人也都回來了。

        (2)All came back except(but)Kate.除了凱特以外,其他人都回來了。

        (2)介詞but只能用于none,nobody,nothing,everyone,everything等詞之后,下面句子中的except不能用but代替。

        [舉例](1)The window is never opened except in summer.

        這扇窗子除夏季外從來不開。

        (2)We have lessons every day except Sunday.除了周日我們每天都有課。

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