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      2. 人教版初三Unit 17重難點解析

        發(fā)布時間:2016-2-27 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機版

        作者:呂新軍

        1.[原文] ① But I heard him speak.(L.65) ② Suddenly, they hear someone outside shouting: ...(L.66)為什么①句中speak用原形,而②句中shouting用的是V-ing形式?

        [精析] 感官動詞hear后可以接動詞原形和V-ing作賓語補足語,即hear sb. do或hear sb. doing。二者的區(qū)別是:前者表示后邊的動作已經(jīng)完成,后者表示后邊的動作正在進行。試比較:

        I heard him say that the matter was yet undecided. 我聽見他說那件事還沒決定。

        I heard somebody laughing. 我聽見有人在笑。

        2.[原文] I'll shoot anyone who moves!

        (L.66)動詞shoot后如果加一個介詞at,意思有變化嗎?

        [精析] 有。 shoot作及物動詞,表示"擊中",后接被擊中的對象。如:

        He shot the bird dead. 他把那只鳥射死了。

        當(dāng)表示"向......射擊"時,要用短語shoot at,此時不強調(diào)結(jié)果。如:

        He shot at a dog, but missed it. 他朝狗開槍,但沒打中。

        3.[原文] Who would you ask for help if you were robbed? (L.66)這句話在本課中并不表示過去,而謂語動詞卻用的是would ask和were,這是什么語法現(xiàn)象?

        [精析] 這是一個含虛擬語氣的句子。在英語中,表達的假設(shè)或不大可能發(fā)生的事時,要使用虛擬語氣。如果假設(shè)與現(xiàn)在事實相反或與將來事實可能相反,條件從句為"if +主語+動詞過去式", 主句為"主語+should (would)+動詞原形"。(這種語法現(xiàn)象在以后會學(xué)習(xí)到。)如:

        If I were you, I would leave him at once. 如果我是你,就立刻離開他。

        句中ask sb. for help是"向某人求助"。ask sb. for sth. 是"向某人要求某物",ask for sb. / sth. 表示"要求見某人;要求與某人談話;要某事物"等等。如:

        She asked him for advice. 她向他征詢高見。

        Did anyone ask for me? 有人找我嗎?

        Did you ask your boss for a pay increase? 你請求老板加薪了嗎?

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