作者:楊春吉
不定代詞和There be ...句型是中考中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的考點(diǎn),在復(fù)習(xí)階段,我們要重點(diǎn)攻克這個難關(guān)。
重點(diǎn)代詞考點(diǎn)
一、考查代詞another, other, others, the others 的用法。(1)another 與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用,但后面附加數(shù)詞或是few就可與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用。(2) other 作代詞時(shí),其前有定冠詞the作修飾。(3) others 是other 的復(fù)數(shù),它常用來泛指另外的或其他的人或物。它與some 連用可以構(gòu)成Some ..., others ...句型。 (4)the others 指一定范圍內(nèi)除去一個或一部分后"其余全部的人或物"。如:
Suzhou is so beautiful a city that I've decided to stay for________two weeks. (2004上海)
A. another B. other C. the other D. others (答案為A)
The students are planting trees.________are carrying water,________are digging the holes. (2004西藏)
A. Some; the other B. Some; others C. Others; some D. Others; others (答案為B)
二、 考查some, any, few, none, neither 等不定代詞的用法。 (1) some, any均表示"一些"含義, 既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。some 有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在表示"征求意見"的疑問句中。any 常用于疑問句、否定句中。some 還可以作"某一"講。(2) a few, few 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù), little, a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 few, little 具有否定含義。(3) none 既可指人, 也可指物,它可以與of 連用; no one 相當(dāng)于nobody, 其后不跟of。(4) both, all與not 連用時(shí)表示部分否定, 其對應(yīng)的全部否定代詞是neither和none。(5) every 只作定語,它所指的必須是三者或三者以上。each 可以做主語、 賓語、 定語 、 同位語, 它所指的是兩者或兩者以上。如:
-When shall we meet again?
-Make it day you like. (2001山東)
A. one B. any C. another D. some (答案為B)
He agreed with most of what you said , but he didn't agree________. (2002天津)
A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something (答案為A)
-Are the new rules working?
-Yes,________young trees are cut down. (2003上海)
A. few B. some C. none D. more (答案為A)
There be 句型的重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)
一、 考查There be 句型的主謂一致用法。be動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要與其后的主語一致。需要注意的是, 當(dāng)主語是由多個部分組成時(shí),謂語動詞要和最近的一致。如:
There________a dictionary, three books and a pencil-box on the desk. (2000山東)
A. are B. were C. was D. is (答案為D)
________there a bed, a sofa, a desk and two chairs in the room? (2003天津)
A. Was B. Were C. Is D. Are (答案為C)
二、考查There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中含有情態(tài)動詞的反意疑問句的用法。在There be 句型中, be 動詞前有時(shí)需要使用情態(tài)動詞。大多數(shù)情況下, 反意疑問句的助動詞須與該情態(tài)動詞一致。但是,當(dāng)該情態(tài)動詞是must , 且表示"推測"時(shí),反意疑問句的助動詞應(yīng)與There be句型中的動詞一致。如:
I'm afraid there must be no more time left, ________?(2000上海)
A. aren't I B. am I C. must there D. is there (答案為D)
I don't think there used to be a cinema here,________? (2003湖北)
A. do I B. was there C. usedn't there D. did there (答案為D)
三、 考查There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中be 動詞位置上換用其它表示"好象;碰巧;存在"含義的動詞的用法。常見的有seem to be (似乎), happen to be (碰巧), appear to be (看起來,似乎), live, stand, come, exist (存在), lie, remain (仍,還是)等。此時(shí),要注意時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用及反意疑問句的對應(yīng)規(guī)律。如:
There happened to be a bad flood that year,________? (2002河南)
A. wasn't there B. didn't there
C. was there D. hadn't there (答案為B)
There once________a poor farmer who________four sons. (2001山西)
A. lived; had B. was; has C. lay; had D. lived; has
(答案為A)
四、 考查There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中主語的定語形式。在There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中,主語后有時(shí)根據(jù)需要用定語來修飾。常見的有: V-ing形式詞組( 定語和主語是主動關(guān)系), 過去分詞詞組(主語和定語是被動關(guān)系) , 不定式詞組(主動、被動均可)。如:
Tom, there is a man________for you at the school gate. (2002湖南)
A. waited B. waiting C. is waiting D. has been waiting (答案為B)
There were ten people________in the car accident. (2004山東)
A. was killed B. killed
C. had been killed
D. were killed(答案為B)
五、考查There be 結(jié)構(gòu)的慣用句型。1. There is no doing ...該句型意為"沒法說 / 無從知道......"例如: There was no knowing how long he might stay there. 無從知道他在那里逗留多長時(shí)間。2. There is no need for sb. to do sth. 該句型意為"某人沒有必要干某事"。例如: There is no need for you to help him with it.你沒有必要幫助他干那件事。如:
There is no need for you to________there so early. (2004貴州)
A. go B. going C. went D. has gone (答案為A)