Unit 12 Art and Literature
Comprehension exercises:
1 From the text we know Rowling is a
A. place B. writer C. director D. book
2 What's Harry's life like before he goes to Hogwarts?
A. Adventurous. B. Happy.
C. Unhappy. D. Interesting.
3 What is taught in Hogwarts?
A. Art and music. B. History and sports.
C. Language and science. D. Witchcraft and wizardry.
4 Where did the noise come from?
A. From behind the picture in the wall.
B. From the woman in the picture.
C. From a room upstairs.
D. From a secret chamber under the floor.
5 Why did Harry suddenly feel cold?
A. He realized they might be in danger now.
B. It became cold in the room.
C. Helen was angry with him.
D. The lady in the picture moved.
6 What was the password?
A. Open Sesame. B. Oobaapalooka.
C. Orange. D. Banana.
7 What type of writing is Passage I?
A. Diary. B. Biography. C. Novel. D. Book review.
8 Passage 2 mainly tells about ____.
A. the lady in a picture '
B. how Harry and Helen got the password
C. the strange noise from behind the picture
D. the relationship between Harry and Helen
9 Which of the following is the most important for a person to succeed according to Harry Potter?
A. His or her family.
C. His or her own character.
B. His or her appearance.
D. His or her friends.
10 How did Harry find out the password?
A. His teacher had told him long ago.
B. He did it with Helen's help.
C. He got it by accident.
D. He got it by thinking hard.
Language points
1.a series of 表示“一系列的，一連串的；一套（叢書(shū)，郵票等）”。如：
a series of meetings 一系列的會(huì)議
television series 電視連續(xù)劇
a series of exams 一連串的考試
a series of school textbook 一套教科書(shū)
*series 是一個(gè)單復(fù)數(shù)相同的名詞, “a series of +名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式，若“two series of+名詞”做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
2 Harry is very unhappy and does not know what to do about his life.
哈利很不快樂(lè)，對(duì)他這種生活不知如何是好。
do about 意為“對(duì)。。。想某種辦法或采取某種行動(dòng)”，其中do是及物動(dòng)詞，后面常用something，everything, all, nothing, little, much等作賓語(yǔ)，與疑問(wèn)詞連用時(shí)，需用what.
You ought to do something about that cough.對(duì)你的咳嗽你該想想辦法。
What will we do about lunch: go to a restaurant, or have it at home?午飯?jiān)趺闯裕咳ゲ宛^還是在家吃？
3.At Hogwarts, Harry also learns about the power of love.
Power 在此表示力量，它還可以表示“能力，電力，動(dòng)力，權(quán)力，”等。
Knowledge is power.知識(shí)就是力量。
She said that she had the power to see the future.她說(shuō)她有預(yù)知未來(lái)的能力。
A new power station has been built here.這兒新建了一座發(fā)電站。
They are trying to do everything in their power any longer.他們?cè)谂ΡM一切力量為我們提供服務(wù)。
Most people didn’t want him to be in power any longer.大多數(shù)人不愿他再當(dāng)權(quán)。
Take power/come into power 上臺(tái)�。_(kāi)始執(zhí)政
４The magic ,many strange creatures and the adventures Harry comes across at Hogwarts him understand the real world.
Harry comes across at Hogwarts 為定語(yǔ)從局修飾前面并列的三個(gè)主語(yǔ)。come across 意為“（尤指偶然）遇到、發(fā)現(xiàn)”，為及物動(dòng)詞詞組，而且不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：
I came across him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上碰見(jiàn)他。
[聯(lián)想]表示“（偶然）遇見(jiàn)”還可以用以下形式表達(dá)：
run across meet with happen to meet
run into meet…by chance chance to meet
It was really unlucky that he met with an accident again.真倒霉他又出了一次事故。
[拓展]come across 還可以表示“想到，越過(guò)”等意。如：
He came suddenly across an idea.他突然有了主意。
5 You must believe in what you do and who you are if you wang to succeed in the world _----the magical world of Hogwarts or the real one.
如果你想在世界上成功，不管是毫格沃茨的夢(mèng)幻世界還是現(xiàn)實(shí)世界，你都必須信奉你所做的事情并且相信自己。
Believe in 常有以下含義：
⑴信任
You can believe in him; he’ll never let you down.
你盡可以信任他，他決不會(huì)讓你失望的。
[比較] believe sb. 相信某人的話(huà)
I believe him, but I don’t believe in him .
我相信他的話(huà)，但不信賴(lài)他的人格。
believe+n.+(to be)+n./adj.
I believe him to be an honest man.=I believe that he is an honest man.
Believe+n.+to do sth.
I believe him to have passed the exam.
我相信他已經(jīng)通過(guò)考試了。
⑵信仰，信奉
We believe in Marxism.我們信仰馬克思主義。
⑶贊成，認(rèn)為… …是好的；認(rèn)為有… …
They don’t believe in kindness to criminals.他們不贊成對(duì)罪犯仁慈。
I believe in plenty of fresh air and exercise.
我認(rèn)為充足的新鮮空氣對(duì)鍛煉身體有好處。
I believe in keeping early hours. 我贊成早睡早起。
6 Two people may speak different languages, have different habits of even come from two different worlds, buy they can still be friends if they share the same goals, hopes and dreams.
兩個(gè)人可能語(yǔ)言不同、習(xí)慣各異、來(lái)自不同的世界，但是如果他們有著共同的目標(biāo)、希望和夢(mèng)想就能成為朋友。
Habit n. 習(xí)慣，習(xí)性，他�？梢詷�(gòu)成以下短語(yǔ)：
have a habit of doing … 有做… …的習(xí)慣
form (develop) the habit of 養(yǎng)成… …的習(xí)慣
be in the habit of 有… …的習(xí)慣
get (fall) into the habit of 染上… …的習(xí)慣
get sb. into the habit of 使某人染上… …的習(xí)慣
out of habit 出于習(xí)慣
辨析: habit 與 custom
habit 指?jìng)�(gè)體的習(xí)慣、習(xí)性；custom則多指國(guó)家、民族或集體的“風(fēng)俗，習(xí)慣”。
It has become the custom for English families to go to the seaside in summer.
英國(guó)人在夏季全家到海邊度假已蔚然成風(fēng)。
I just can’t give up the habit of smoking. 我就是戒不掉吸煙的習(xí)慣。
7 It is not enough to be strong in heart and mind; we must also believe in ourselves and help others if we wand to be happy and live a good life.
僅意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)事不夠的，如果我們想心情愉快、生活幸福還必須相信自己、幫助他人。
In heart and mind 表示“在心理上”，其中介詞in表示在某一方面。又如：
He is nearly two meters in height.他身高接近二米。
8 The noise seemed to be coming from the room behind the statue.
那聲音似乎是從雕像后面的房間里傳出來(lái)的。
From behind the statue 從雕像后面，介詞短語(yǔ)behind the statue 在此做介詞from 的賓語(yǔ)。又如：
from under the bed 從床底下
from among the workers 從工人手中
from above the shelf 從架子上面
9 If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall.
要是他們能找到辦法達(dá)到墻后面的房間，或不管它是什么地方，那就好了。
If only 雖然是從屬連詞，但它引導(dǎo)的從句卻能單獨(dú)成句，而且表達(dá)完整的意思：要是… …該多好--一種不能實(shí)現(xiàn)或難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。它相當(dāng)于 wish ，但語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)。句后用句號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)皆可。
⑴表示已經(jīng)過(guò)去的不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，常含有后悔、惋惜之意。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用had done形式。
If only I had taken his advice! 要是我聽(tīng)從了他的建議就好了！
⑵表達(dá)現(xiàn)在不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
If only I could swim! 我要是會(huì)游泳該多好啊！
⑶表達(dá)將來(lái)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would/could+動(dòng)詞原形或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
If only she would help me! 要是他能幫我就好了！
[注]if only除以上用法外，它還相當(dāng)于if,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
If only he gets the job, it will make a great deal of difference.
辨析：if only 與 only if
if only多用語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣;only if 多用語(yǔ)稱(chēng)述語(yǔ)氣，only修飾if, 表示唯一的條件。
10 The statue moved to the side and the door opened up. 雕像一到一旁，門(mén)開(kāi)了。
open up 意為“完全打開(kāi)”，其中up表示動(dòng)作行為的完全結(jié)束、徹底完成。再如：
use up 用完 eat up 吃光
burn up 燒光 end up 結(jié)束
11 It is not always easy to do …,句中it 形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式。
It is important to keep healthy. 保持健康是很重要的。
it is + adj. +for sb. to do 側(cè)重說(shuō)明某人做某事的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的性質(zhì)、情況不涉及人的品質(zhì)。
it is +adj. +of sb. to do sth. 側(cè)重表明對(duì)某人做某時(shí)的評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)價(jià)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)是人，描述不定式的行為者的性格品質(zhì)。如：kind, good, nice, wise, clever, silly, wrong, right, careless, impolite, rude, naughty 等。
It is kind of you to think so much of us.
=You are kind to think so much of us.
難為你這樣替我們著想。
It is very necessary for the students to clean the classroom every day.
不可換成The students are necessary to clean the classroom every day.