作者：于雨
快來(lái)"詞語(yǔ)拾零"!1-3單元的重點(diǎn)單詞又與你們見(jiàn)面了!下面我們進(jìn)行精彩回放,讓你們復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)候隨 "e" 而行,隨 "e" 而動(dòng)。準(zhǔn)備好筆記本,出擊啦!
1.【原句再現(xiàn)】What makes your friend so special?
【問(wèn)題探究】make在這里是"制造"的意思嗎?
【疏疑解惑】不是!此處的make是使役動(dòng)詞,意為"使,讓......",其用法可歸納為make sb. do sth.; make sth.+adj.; make it + adj.+ to do sth.。例如:
How can I make him believe that? 我怎么才能讓他相信此事呢?
What made your Mum so angry? 是什么讓你媽媽這么生氣?
Bill Gates wanted to make it easier for people to use the computers. 比爾蓋茨想讓人們更容易地操作電腦。
還可以擴(kuò)展一下呢:make也可用動(dòng)名詞作賓補(bǔ)。例如:
Don't make your mother waiting for long. 別讓你媽媽久等了。
2.【原句再現(xiàn)】I have a most wonderful friend called Max.
【問(wèn)題探究】如何理解句中的called?
【疏疑解惑】此處的called是過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)后置定語(yǔ),其同義表達(dá)可用named, with the name, by the name of等。此句的同義句可為:I have a most wonderful friend named / with the name / by the name of Max.
3.【原句再現(xiàn)】We take the bus all the way to the Palace Museum.
【問(wèn)題探究】此處的take為何義?
【疏疑解惑】此處的take意為"乘,坐",后接交通工具如bus, car, plane等,相當(dāng)于go... by bus/car/plane。此外,take還有如下用法:
①take sb. / sth. to somewhere意為"把某人、某物帶到某地"。例如:
Can you help me take these things to the teachers' room? 你能幫我把這些東西送到老師辦公室去嗎?
②It takes / took sb. + some time + to do sth.意為"做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間"。例如:
It will take you two hours to go back to the USA. 回到美國(guó)你要花費(fèi)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。
4.【原句再現(xiàn)】Luckily, the climbers helped Simon.
【問(wèn)題探究】請(qǐng)說(shuō)說(shuō)help一詞的用法!
【疏疑解惑】help是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,其用法可歸納為三點(diǎn):
①help sb. with sth.例如:She helped me with my English. 她幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。
②help sb. do/to do sth. 上一句的同義句就是She helped me (to) learn English.
③help也可用作不可數(shù)名詞。例如: With his help I finished the work. 在他的幫助下,我完成了這項(xiàng)工作。
Go to get help from the police. 去向警察求助吧。
5.【原句再現(xiàn)】 They kept their secret to themselves.
【問(wèn)題探究】你能總結(jié)一下keep的用法嗎?
【疏疑解惑】keep可是動(dòng)詞家族中的"活躍分子",其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞等作賓語(yǔ)。例如:
Don't keep thinking about that. 別老是考慮那事了。
keep是個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。請(qǐng)看下面的情景對(duì)話:
A: Excuse me. Can I borrow this book? 打擾一下,我可以借這本書(shū)嗎?
B: Certainly. Here you are. 當(dāng)然,給你。
A: How long can I keep it? 我能借多久?
B: A week. 一周。
另外,keep可用形容詞、V-ing、動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如:
You should keep yourself busy every day. 你應(yīng)該使自己每天保持忙碌。
You kept me waiting for you for two hours. 你讓我等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。
He keeps a dairy to help him remember things. 他記日記幫助他記住一些事情。
6.【原句再現(xiàn)】You need to exercise and keep fit.
【問(wèn)題探究】此句中的need是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞嗎?
【疏疑解惑】不是!此句中的need是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,后面可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞不定式,有人稱及數(shù)的變化。例如:
You need a NO.16 bus. 你需要乘16路公交車。
She needs to cut her weight. 她需要減肥了。
need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí)常用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句,無(wú)人稱或數(shù)的變化。例如:He needn't wait for me. 他不需要等我。
同時(shí),need也可以作名詞,常作不可數(shù)名詞。例如:
We are in need of money. 我們需要錢(qián)。