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      2. 新目標英語教學筆記七年級下unit 12期末復習(4)

        發(fā)布時間:2016-4-18 編輯:互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 手機版

         

        Unit 12 Don't eat in class.

        單元目標:

        1. 學會用英文表達一些標志的含義。

        2. 能熟練使用目標語言談論對某些規(guī)章制度(校規(guī)、家規(guī)等)的看法。

        3. 祈使句

        單詞:

        in class 在課上;上課時rule n. 規(guī)章;規(guī)定hallway n. 門廳;走廊classroom n. 教室

        Ms n. (用于姓氏前)女士fight v. 打架;打仗outside adv. 在外面;向外面cafeteria n. 自助食堂have to 不得不;必須sneakers n. (pl.)膠底運動鞋gym abbr. (gymnasium)體育館;(gymnastics)體育;體操Dr abbr. (doctor, 用于姓氏前)博士;醫(yī)生by prep. (表時間)在......以前;不晚于wash v. 洗;洗滌;清洗No talking! 禁止談話!

        重點短語:

        1. in class 在課上2. on school nights 在上學的晚上3. school rules 校規(guī)

        4. no talking 禁止交談5. listen to music 聽音樂6. have to 不得不

        7. take my dog for a walk 帶狗去散步8. eat outside 在外面吃飯9. in the hallway 在走廊上10. wear a uniform 穿制服11. arrive late for class 上學遲到

        12. after school 放學后13. practice the guitar 練習彈吉它14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里15. meet my friends 和我朋友見面16. by ten o'clock.十點之前17. be in bed 在床上18. the Children's Palace 少年宮19. help my mom make dinner 幫助我媽做飯

        重點句子:

        1. What are the rules at your school? 你們學校有什么規(guī)定?

        Don't run in the hallways and don't arrive late for class. 不要在走廊上跑,不要遲到。

        2. Can we eat in school? 我們能在學校吃東西嗎?We can eat in the cafeteria, but we can't eat in the classroom. 我們可以在自助餐廳吃東西,但是我們不能在教室吃東西。

        3. Can you wear hats in school? 你們在學?梢源髅弊訂幔縔es, we can. / No, we can't. 是的,我們可以。/不,我們不可以。

        4. Do you have to wear a uniform at school? 你們在學校不得不穿校服嗎?Yes, we do. / No, we don't. 是的,我們要穿。/不,我們不穿。

        5. What else do you have to do? 你還有別的不得不做嗎?We have to clean the classrooms.

        我們不得不打掃教室。

        重、難點解析:

        1. 情態(tài)動詞have to 的用法,意思是"必須、不得不",它側(cè)重于客觀上的必要和外界的權(quán)威。(1)結(jié)構(gòu):主語+have to+動詞原形+其他

        (一般現(xiàn)在時,主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,用has to;句子是過去時,用had to.)如:We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在體育課上,我們必須穿運動鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 湯姆每天必須練習彈吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一,我不得不早上5點起床。

        (2)否定形式:主語+don't have to+動詞原形+其他

        (一般現(xiàn)在時,主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,用doesn't have to. 句子是過去時,用didn't have to)

        如:Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我們不必馬上完成作業(yè)。

        (3)疑問句:Do (Does或Did)+主語+have to +動詞原形+其他

        如:Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必須呆在家里嗎?Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

        是的,我必須。不,我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚,他不得不11點前上床睡覺嗎?

        2. 情態(tài)動詞can的用法

        (1)表示能力,"會""能"(在第一冊中已經(jīng)學習這種用法)

        Can you play the guitar? 你會彈吉它嗎?Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂會說一點中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。

        (2)表示允許、許可,"可以"、"能"(在這一課中新學的詞義)

        Can the students run in the hallways? 學生們可以在走廊上跑嗎?We can eat outside. 我們可以在外面吃東西。Can I come in? 我能進來嗎?

        注意 同樣是情態(tài)動詞,can 和have to 的用法是有區(qū)別的,和大部分情態(tài)動詞一樣,can在否定句中,直接在can后加上not,在疑問句中,把can放到主語前面,并且沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。

        3. hear,listen和sound都有"聽"的意思,但三者是有區(qū)別的。

        (1)hear"聽說",側(cè)重于"聽"的內(nèi)容

        I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 聽說你生病了,我很難過。

        I never heard such an interesting story. 我從來沒聽過這么有趣的一個故事。

        (2)listen"聽"側(cè)重于"聽"這一動作。Listen to me carefully. 認真聽我說。

        The children like to listen to music. 孩子們喜歡聽音樂。

        (3)sound"聽起來",它是系動詞,后面接形容詞等。That sounds great. 那聽起來真不錯。

        It sounds like fun. 聽起來挺有趣。

        4. be in bed "在床上、臥床"in 和bed之間不能用冠詞,bed也不用復數(shù)。

        He is in bed for 10 years. 他臥床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大衛(wèi)每晚必須很早睡覺。

        5. arrive late for 與be late for 意思相近,"遲到"Don't arrive (be)late for school. 上學別遲到。I arrived (was)late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天開會遲到了。

        6. No talking ! "禁止交談!"no后面加上名詞或動名詞(doing)也表示不要做某事。與don't +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放濕雨傘!

        No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物!No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸煙!

        語法(祈使句)

        祈使句是用來表示請求、命令、叮囑、號召或者勸告等的句子,這類句子的主語常是第二人稱you,也就是聽話者,因而you常省去了。祈使句的開頭是動詞原形。

        如:Look out! 小心!Wait here for me! 在這等我!

        Be sure to come here on time! 務必準時來到這里!

        祈使句的否定形式多以do not(?s寫成don't)開頭,再加上動詞原形。

        Don't arrive late for school. 上學別遲到。

        Don't fight! 別打架!

        Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。

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