Unit 6 Enjoying Riding
Topic 1 We’re going on a spring field trip
一、重點(diǎn)詞組:
1. go on a spring field trip 去春游
2. a two-day visit to Mount Tai 為期兩天的泰山游
3. make a decision 做出決定
4. find out 查找；弄清
5. decide on sth. 對(duì)某事做出決定
6. book some tickets/rooms 預(yù)定車票/房間
7. the hard / soft sleeper 硬臥/軟臥
8. pay for 付款
9. make a room reservation 預(yù)定房間
10. a standard room with two single beds 帶有兩張單人床的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)房
11. feel comfortable 感到舒適的
12. work out the cost 估算/算出費(fèi)用
13. raise money 籌集資金
14. come up with 產(chǎn)生；想出；趕上
15. order and serve a special lunch 安排服務(wù)一頓特殊的午餐
16. sell newspapers / old books / flowers 賣報(bào)/舊書/花
17. land safely 安全著陸
18. look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事
19. at the foot of… 在…的腳下
20. count the students 點(diǎn)名
21. rent boats 租借船
22. enjoy the night scene 欣賞夜景
23. see the sunrise 看日出
24. an exciting experience 一次令人興奮的經(jīng)歷
25. places of interest 名勝古跡
二、重點(diǎn)句型及重點(diǎn)語言點(diǎn)
1. … , we will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai, …我們將去泰山進(jìn)行為期兩天的旅行。
two-day “兩天的” , 這是帶有數(shù)字的復(fù)合形容詞,復(fù)合形容詞用連字符號(hào)連接時(shí),名詞要用單數(shù)。如：
a 14-year-old boy一個(gè)十四歲的男孩 a 100-meter race一百米賽跑 a two-day visit為期兩天的旅行
2. We will make the decision together. 我們將一起作出決定。
make a decision = decide 做決定
decide (not) to do sth. 決定(不)做某事
decide on sth. 對(duì)某事做出決定
3. We have tickets at 145 for the hard sleeper and 224 for the soft sleeper.
我們的票價(jià)是硬臥票145元，軟臥票224元。
at 在句中表“以……的價(jià)格”. 如:
We have tickets at 80 for The Sound of Music.我們有80元一張的《音樂之聲》門票。
4．I want to book 10 standard rooms with two single beds … 我想訂10間有兩張單人床的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)房間…
with 結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作定語，修飾前面的名詞，表特征。如：
a girl with light hair 一個(gè)金發(fā)女郎 a boy with big eyes 一個(gè)大眼睛男孩
5. Some schools come up with great ideas such as … 一些學(xué)校想出了如…的好主意
come up with 表示“想出；產(chǎn)生； 趕上” 如：
Suddenly he came up with a strange idea. 突然間他想出了一個(gè)奇怪的主意。
We came up with the train in time. 我們及時(shí)趕上了火車。
6. It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw . 每位學(xué)生只需花一美元
此句型為“ costs sb. some money to buy sth.”花了某人多少錢買某東西。
三、重點(diǎn)語法:
動(dòng)詞不定式
1)作表語, 常用在系動(dòng)詞之后。
Your group’s task is to find out the cost to go by train. 你小組的任務(wù)是去弄清搭火車的費(fèi)用。
She seems to be happy. 她似乎很快樂。
2)作主語, 常用it（形式主語）代替, 不定式放在后面做真正主語。
It is hard to say. 很難說。
It is important to learn English well. 學(xué)好英語非常重要。
3) 作賓語, 常用在want; like; hope; begin; try; forget; learn; plan; decide; need 等及物動(dòng)詞后,構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)。
I want to buy some books. 我想去買一些書。
She likes to join the English Club. 她喜歡加入英語俱樂部。
We hope to be teachers. 我們希望成為教師。
Don’t forget to call me. 別忘了打電話給我。
4) 作賓補(bǔ),常用在tell/ask/want /would like /… sb. to do sth. 中
The policeman told the children not to play on the street.
5) 作定語，常用在被修飾的名詞/代詞之后。
I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些令人激動(dòng)的消息告訴你。
I want something to drink. 我想要些喝的東西。
四、口語應(yīng)用
預(yù)訂車票、房間：
Can I help you? / What can I do for you?
Yes. I want/ would like to book …
Which kind of ticket do you want, the hard sleeper or the soft sleeper?
What kind of room do you have?
How many … do you want?
How much does …cost?
May I have your name and your number?
Topic 2 Let’s explore the Ming Tomb.
一、重點(diǎn)詞組:
1. receive a postcard 收到一張明信片
2. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
3. be on vacation 在度假
4. look forward to (doing) sth. 期待做某事
5. make a plan to do sth. 制訂一個(gè)做某事的計(jì)劃
6. plan a trip 制訂旅行計(jì)劃
7. come along with sb. 與某人在一起
8. go camping 去野營(yíng)
9. spread over 散開
10. ask sb. for help 向某人求助
11. in the old days 在古代
12. survey the area 調(diào)查/勘探某地區(qū)
13. face south 坐北朝南
14. have mountains at the back 背靠群山
15. two and a half hours = two hours and a half 兩個(gè)半小時(shí)
16. be surprised at 對(duì)..感到驚奇
17. take out sth. 拿出某物
18. step on one’s toes 踩了某人的腳趾
19. push out 擠出;推出
20. out of sight 看不見
21. raise one’s head 抬起頭
22. as soon as 一……就……
23. be satisfied with 對(duì)…感到滿意
24. get off the horses / the bus 下馬 / 下車
25. stand for the peace of the country 象征這個(gè)國(guó)家的和平
26. take pictures / photos 拍照
27. have fun doing sth. 做某事有樂趣
28. here and there 到處
二、重點(diǎn)句型及重點(diǎn)語言點(diǎn)
1. I’m looking forward to meeting him. 我正盼望看到他。
look forward to 表 “期待, 盼望”, to是介詞,后面應(yīng)用名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，且常用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：
I’m really looking forward to summer vacation. 我真的期待著暑假的到來。
They are looking forward to solving the problem. 他們正期待著問題的解決。
2. Dingling is to the southwest of Kangling. 定陵在康陵的西南方向。
方位介詞: in; on; to
in表在范圍內(nèi); on表兩處相接; to 表在范圍外
Fujian is in the southeast of China. 福建在中國(guó)的東南部。
Jiangxi is on the west of Fujian. 江西在福建的西面。
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中國(guó)的東邊。
3. While we were having fun exploring, I found Darren was lost.
當(dāng)我們興致勃勃地考察時(shí),我發(fā)現(xiàn)達(dá)倫不見了。
have fun doing sth. 表做某事有樂趣. 如:
You’ll find you have fun learning English. 你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)英語有很大樂趣。
三、重點(diǎn)語法
(一) 時(shí)間狀語從句:
1. 引導(dǎo)詞:
a) when; while; as 當(dāng)……時(shí)候
when 既可跟短暫性動(dòng)詞也可跟延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
while 跟延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
as 多用于口語,強(qiáng)調(diào) “同一時(shí)間”或 “一前一后”
e.g: The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom, the teacher came in.
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 媽媽總是邊給我們做飯邊唱歌。
b) until; not…until
until “直到……為止”，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
not…until “直到……才” 主句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用短暫性動(dòng)詞。
e.g: I will stay here until the rain stops. = I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
c) after 在……之后; before在……之前; as soon as 一……就……
e.g: I went to sleep after I finished my homework..
= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.
2. 時(shí)態(tài):
a) 當(dāng)主句為一般過去時(shí)時(shí), 從句常為過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)
e.g: While the students were talking in the classroom, the teacher came in.
I went to sleep after I finished my homework..
b) 當(dāng)主句為一般將來時(shí)時(shí), 從句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
e.g: As soon as the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.
I will stay here until the rain stops.
(二) 不定式作目的狀語，修飾謂語動(dòng)詞，表行為的目的。
They organize a show to raise money. 為了籌錢，他們組織了一場(chǎng)展示會(huì)。
Kelly arrived at the airport early to see Maria off. 凱麗早早地來到機(jī)場(chǎng)為瑪麗亞送行。
四、交際用語
Would you like to come to China for your vacation? 你想來中國(guó)度假嗎？（表邀請(qǐng)）
Would / Will you help me plan a trip? 幫我計(jì)劃一下旅行好嗎？（表請(qǐng)求）
Could / Can you come along with us? 你能和我們?cè)谝黄鸷脝�？（表邀�?qǐng)或請(qǐng)求）
Should we take him there? 我們帶他們?nèi)ツ莾汉脝�？（表建議）
How about taking him to the Ming Tombs?帶他去十三陵怎么樣？（表建議）
Topic 3 Bicycles are popular with people.
一、重點(diǎn)詞組:
1. feel a little more confident 感覺有點(diǎn)自信
2. obey the traffic rules / laws 遵守交通規(guī)則/法規(guī)
3. save energy 節(jié)省能源
4. cause air pollution 造成空氣污染
5. need less space 需要更少的空間
6. a sharp turn to the left 向左急轉(zhuǎn)彎
7. slow down 減速
8. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
9. run into… 撞到,碰到
10. call the 122 hotline 撥打122熱線
11. send sb. to … 送某人去…
12. wear a bicycle helmet 戴著自行車頭盔
13. break the traffic rules 違反交通規(guī)則
14. get a fine 得到處罰
15. be in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)中
16. warn sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不要)做某事
warn sb about sth. 警告/提醒某人某事
17. turn left / right 向左/右轉(zhuǎn)(拐)
18. on the left-hand side of the road =on the left of the road 在路的左手邊
19. be famous for 因……而出名
20. one of the top cyclists 一流的自行車選手之一
21. his way to success 他的成功之路
22. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
23. face … head-on 迎頭面對(duì)…
24. in one’s life 在一生中
25. ride into 進(jìn)入, 躋身于
26. break the record 打破紀(jì)錄
27. go through 穿過
二、重點(diǎn)句型及重點(diǎn)語言點(diǎn)
1. It’s impossible to finish so much work in an hour. 在一個(gè)小時(shí)后完成如此多的工作是不可能的。
It’s +adj.+(for me) to do sth. 做某事是….
It’s important for us to learn English well.
2. To avoid hitting the truck., he ran into the wall. 他為了避免撞到卡車上而撞到墻上。
run into 撞到、碰到
He ran into the old man when he was running. 他在奔跑時(shí)撞到了一位老人身上。
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
We should avoid making mistakes. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)避免犯錯(cuò)誤。
3．If we break the traffic rules, we will get a fine.如果我們違反交通規(guī)則，我們就會(huì)受到處罰。
fine 既可當(dāng)名詞，也可當(dāng)動(dòng)詞。
He got a 50 fine for parking the wrong places. 他因亂停車罰款五十元。（名詞）
The policeman fined him 50 yuan. 警察罰了他五十元。（動(dòng)詞）
4． After that, he won the race once again in 2005. 那之后, 他在2005年又一次贏得比賽。
win 后面通常跟比賽、競(jìng)賽、名次或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，表“獲勝”
beat 后面通常跟人，表“戰(zhàn)勝”
e.g.: He won the first in the match. 他在比賽中獲得了第一名。
At last, he beat everyone. 最后他擊敗了每個(gè)人。
三、重點(diǎn)語法
條件狀語從句: 由if 引導(dǎo),表 “如果”
1. 時(shí)態(tài): 主句是一般將來時(shí)態(tài)或具有將來的含義, 從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
If you break the traffic rules, you will get a fine.
If it rains tomorrow, we won’t hold the sports meeting.
If you drive a car in Britain, you must be careful.
2. “祈使句 + and + 陳述句”, 常轉(zhuǎn)換成肯定條件句
“祈使句 + or + 陳述句”, 常轉(zhuǎn)換成否定條件句
Hurry up, and you will catch the bus. = If you hurry up, you will catch the bus.
Hurry up, or you won’t catch the bus. = If you don’t hurry, you won’t catch the bus.
Be careful, or a car may hit you..= If you aren’t careful, a car may hit you.