數(shù) 詞
我們學(xué)過兩類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。基數(shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少,而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中出現(xiàn)。區(qū)別:基數(shù)詞前面沒有“the”;序數(shù)詞前一定要有“the”。
1. 最基本的基數(shù)詞如下表所示:
1~10 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten
11~19 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen
20~100 20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred
*基數(shù)詞的寫法 :21~99 的兩位數(shù),十位與個(gè)位之間用連字符“-” 基數(shù)詞的寫法 。
例:21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine
百位數(shù):個(gè)位數(shù)基數(shù)詞形式加“hundred” ,表示幾百,在幾十幾與百位間加上 and。
例:101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight
2.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成 .
1)一般來說,是由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加詞尾 th 構(gòu)成。例, four+ th--- fourth six + th --- sixth seven + th --- seventh ten + th --- tenth
2)下面這些基數(shù)詞在變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí),有特殊的變化。例, one --- first two --- second three --- third five--- fifth eight --- eighth nine --- ninth twelve --- twelfth
3)十位整數(shù)序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是將基數(shù)詞的詞 y 變成 i,然后在加 eth.例, twenty --- twentieth thirty --- thirtieth forty --- fortieth ninety --- ninetieth
4) 兩位或兩位以上的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí),僅將個(gè)位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞。例, twenty –one ------ twenty- first thirty-five ------thirty-fifth a hundred and fifty-three ------- a hundred and fifty- third
*基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的口訣:
基變序,有規(guī)律;詞尾加上 th(fourth, sixth)
一、二、三,單獨(dú)記;結(jié)尾字母 t, d, d;
(first,second,third) 八去 t,九去 e,(eighth,ninth) ;
ve 要用 f 替; (fifth,twelfth)
整十基數(shù)變序數(shù),ty 將 y 變成 i ;
th 前面有個(gè) e;
要是遇到幾十幾,前用基來后用序。
3 分?jǐn)?shù)
a) 分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞表示,分母用序數(shù)詞表示,如果分子大于1,則分母用序數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示。
b) 1/2,one half, 2/3, two-thirds, 1/3, one-third, 1/4 , one fourth (one quarter), , three-fourths
注意
1、“前有,后無;前無,后有”
即 two hundred books
hundreds of books
2、分?jǐn)?shù):分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞;
分子大于一, 分母加 s
3、如 eight-year-old 的詞后面要加名詞
4、“在某人幾十歲時(shí)”用 in one’s +整十的復(fù)數(shù)
如:in her fifties, in their thirties
5、表示“ 多高、多寬、多長(zhǎng)、多深,年齡少大、
距離多遠(yuǎn)”時(shí),用“數(shù)量+單位+形容詞”
如:two months old, twenty meters deep
6. 時(shí)間的讀法:
5:10, 11:30, 8:46 (順讀法)
8:05, 10:15 11:45 (逆讀法)
7.日期的表達(dá):
先掌握12個(gè)月份,星期 的寫法與讀法 ,實(shí)記基本的幾個(gè)序數(shù)詞
3月1日 :( 讀法與寫法)
表達(dá)日期,序數(shù)詞可縮寫
1 , 2 , 3 ,4 , 20 , 21 , 22 ,23 ,24
日期的寫法:英語“月 日 年”
2011-7-19 :
練一練
練習(xí):
一、請(qǐng)翻譯下列短語。
(1)60名學(xué)生 (2)15本英語書
(3)九杯涼水 (4)4個(gè)孩子
(5)12月31 (6)6月2日
(7)第九周 (8)11+7
二、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。
one--- two--- three--- nine--- fourteen--- twenty---thirty-five--- five eight
三、根據(jù)括號(hào)中的數(shù)字填寫合適的序數(shù)詞或基數(shù)詞(寫單詞)。
1、Bill is (14)years old , he is in Class (2)Grade (6).
2、My birthday is on the (3)of March .
3、September is the (9)month in a year .
4、Which boy is thinner , the (1)one or the (2)one ?
5、There are (55)students in our class .
四 單項(xiàng)選擇
( ) 1. We’ve planted _______ trees in the center of
our city this year. (2000)
A. hundred B. two hundreds
C. hundred of D. hundreds of
( ) 2. About ______ films were shown during the
5th Shanghai International Film Festival. (2001)
A. two hundred of B. two hundreds of
C. two hundred D. two hundreds
( ) 3. We’ll have a ______ holiday. What about
going to the West Lake? (2002)
A. two days B. two-day
C. two-days D. two-days’
( ) 4. Now children, turn to page ______ and look
at the _____ picture in Lesson Two. (2003)
A. twentieth; one B. twenty; one
C. twentieth; first D. twenty; first
( ) 5. During the seven-day May Day holiday,
_____ families went sightseeing. (2004)
A. thousand B. thousands
C. thousands and thousands D. thousands of
( ) 6. During World War II, a Jewish (猶太人) lady was
protected by a local family in Shanghai in
her ________. (2005)
A. fifties B. fifty C. fiftieth D. the fiftieth
答案:DCBDD A