詞匯導(dǎo)練
1．Now that he a____________ that he had stolen the money，you should forgive him.
2．Sometimes we can see a beautiful r____________ in the sky after a shower in summer.
3．In the lab you must follow your teacher’s i____________ before doing your experiment.
4. After g____________from a university，he has worked as a middle school teacher.
5．Someone who catches fish either as a sport or as a job is called a f____________ .
6．She said that she had plenty of films to____________(沖洗)．
7．Five students from this school were awarded____________(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)．
8．One of the rooms has been made into a small modern art____________(美術(shù)館)．
9．Tom，please go to the ____________ (雜貨店)and buy two pieces of soap for me.
10．It is said that his son is studying____________(建筑學(xué))at university.
11．He is a ____________(talent) director.
12．Only in a____________(peace)environment can we develop smoothly.
1.admitted 2.rainbow 3.instructions 4.graduating 5.fisherman 6.develop 7.scholarships8.gallery9.grocery 10.architecture 11.talented 12.peaceful
短語(yǔ)匯集
1．________________ 有許多科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)
2．________________ 一個(gè)有天賦的藝術(shù)家
3．________________ 預(yù)訂；預(yù)約
4．________________ 獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入……；被……錄取
5．________________ 在……和……之間
6．________________ 在20世紀(jì)90年代
7．________________ 形成不同的風(fēng)格
8．________________ 在……的幫助下
9．________________ 做實(shí)驗(yàn)
10．________________ 就某事和某人討價(jià)還價(jià)
11．________________ 輪流干某事
12．________________ 給過(guò)路人分發(fā)傳單
13．________________ 以獨(dú)特的方式呈現(xiàn)某物
1.make many scientific discoveries 2.a gifted artist,3.make a reservation 4.be admitted to/into 5.range from...to... 6.in the 1990s 7.develop different styles of 8.with the assistance/help of 9.do/make/carry out/perform/conduct an experiment 10.bargain with sb.about/over sth. 11.take turns to do sth. 12.distribute leaflets to passersby 13.present sth.in a unique way
語(yǔ)句試譯
1．(回歸課本P40)Out________the children.
孩子們呼啦一下沖了出去。
2．(回歸課本P41)Hardly________we left the dormitory the next morning________we realized we had left our map in the room.
第二天早晨我們剛離開(kāi)宿舍，就意識(shí)到我們把地圖遺忘在房間里了。
3．(回歸課本P43)________ ______while at the New York School of Art________he experimented with different materials such as cloth and plastic in his paintings.
就是在紐約藝術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)期間，他嘗試著用諸如布料、塑料這些不同的材料來(lái)畫(huà)畫(huà)。
核心知識(shí)
1.rushed 2.had；when 3.It was；that
1range vi. (在一定范圍或幅度內(nèi))變動(dòng)，變化
vt. 排列，歸類(lèi)
n． 變動(dòng)范圍；(權(quán)力、責(zé)任)范圍
(回歸課本P34)Besides the works of da Vinci，the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings，ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century.
除了達(dá)芬奇的作品，盧浮宮里還藏有其他歐洲畫(huà)家從13世紀(jì)到19世紀(jì)創(chuàng)作的6000余件作品。
12
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P1637)Estimates of the damage range between $1 million and $ 5 million.
估計(jì)損失在100萬(wàn)到500萬(wàn)元之間。
②The five men are serving prison sentences ranging from 35 to 105 years.
這五個(gè)人的服刑期從35年到105年不等。
③We just want to get within range to use our binoculars.
我們只是想進(jìn)入能使用我們的雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡的觀察范圍。
1．完成句子
(1)價(jià)格自五美元至十美元不等。
Prices________from 5 dollars________10 dollars.
答案：ranged；to
(2)我給了她很大的選擇范圍。
I offered her________ ________ ________options.
答案：a range of
2.They wrote on subjects________from child labor to the use of state troops to break strikes.
A．ranged B．ranging
C．to range D．being ranged
解析：選B。句意：“他們寫(xiě)的話題從童工到為鎮(zhèn)壓罷工而使用國(guó)家軍隊(duì)�！眗anging from作定語(yǔ)，修飾subjects。
3.-What is the cost of your shirts here，sir?
-It depends on which fashion you want to buy，and the prices ________from 100 dollars to 500 dollars.
A．increases B．ranges
C．reaches D．differs
解析：選B。range from...to...是常見(jiàn)搭配，在句中表示從100美元到500美元不等。
2distribute vt. 分發(fā)；分配
(回歸課本P35)His younger brother，Theo，tried hard to sell and distribute Van Gogh’s paintings to buyers，but he was never able to negotiate a successful sale.
他的弟弟西奧非常努力地向買(mǎi)主兜售和推銷(xiāo)凡高的畫(huà)，但從來(lái)沒(méi)有做成一筆成功的買(mǎi)賣(mài)。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P589)The Red Cross is distributing food and clothing to the refugees.
紅十字會(huì)正向難民分發(fā)食品和衣物。
②(牛津P581)The money was distributed among schools in the area.
這筆款項(xiàng)是在本地區(qū)的學(xué)校中分配的。
③Make sure that your weight is evenly distributed.
注意讓你的體重分布均勻。
4．完成句子
(1)老師把新書(shū)發(fā)給小學(xué)生們。
The teacher______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
答案：distributed the new books to the pupils
(2)他們將利潤(rùn)平分了。
They distributed the profit equally________themselves.
答案：among
5. (2011年廣東汕頭調(diào)研考試) The work was________well among the students and was completed to everyone’s satisfaction.
A．distributed B．contributed
C．spread D．decorated
解析：選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。此處表示“分配”工作，因此用distribute。句意：工作在學(xué)生中分配得很好，完成的狀況令每個(gè)人都滿(mǎn)意。contribute“貢獻(xiàn)”；spread“展開(kāi)，伸展”；decorate“裝飾”。
6.It was too dark to________anything more than their vague shapes.
A．distribute B．dismiss
C．discount D．distinguish
解析：選D�？疾閯�(dòng)詞辨析。句意：太暗了，只能辨別出他們模糊的身影。distinguish“辨別出”；dismiss“解雇，解散”；distribute“分配”；discount“打折扣，不重視”。
3abandon vt. 放棄，丟棄，遺棄
n． 放任，放縱，狂放；無(wú)拘無(wú)束
(回歸課本P37)In fact，he abandoned them and starting from scratch，created a style of art known as cubism，which is a type of abstract painting.實(shí)際上，他放棄了它們并且從頭開(kāi)始創(chuàng)造了一種藝術(shù)風(fēng)格，稱(chēng)之為立體主義，是一種類(lèi)型的抽象畫(huà)。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P1)The baby had been abandoned by its mother.
這個(gè)嬰兒被母親遺棄了。
②(朗文P2)The suspect abandoned the car at Llewellyn and Hamilton Avenues.該嫌疑犯將小汽車(chē)丟棄在盧埃林大街和漢米而頓大街交匯處。
③They abandoned all hope of capturing the castle.
他們放棄了奪取這座城市的一切希望。
④He abandoned himself to feelings.他陷入了情感之中。
易混辨析
abandon，desert，quit，resign，give up
abandon強(qiáng)調(diào)“完全、永遠(yuǎn)的遺棄”，尤其指遺棄以前感興趣或負(fù)責(zé)任的人或物。
give up最為普通，可代替其它的近義詞。
desert強(qiáng)調(diào)“違背誓言、命令、責(zé)任、義務(wù)等”。
quit強(qiáng)調(diào)“突然或無(wú)意地棄去”，常指“停止”。
resign意為“辭去，放棄”，指辭去某一職位，尤其指通過(guò)正式通知，放棄某一特權(quán)、權(quán)利、要求、希望等。
表示“拋棄，離開(kāi)”abandon與desert同義，abandon可接動(dòng)名詞或名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不接不定式。表示“放棄，停止做某事”時(shí)，abandon與give up同義。
①She abandoned her child.
②He was forced by the scandal to resign the office to which he had been elected.
③She quitted her job.
④He gave_up smoking last year.
7．完成句子
(1)他拋棄了妻子還帶走了兩人所有的錢(qián)。
He________ ________ ________and went away with all their money.
答案：abandoned his wife
(2)人們發(fā)現(xiàn)那輛破損的自行車(chē)被扔在河邊。
The broken bike________ ________ ________by the riverside.
答案：was found abandoned
(3)他自暴自棄。
He________ ________ ________despair.
答案：abandoned himself to
4bargain n． 便宜貨；劃算的買(mǎi)賣(mài)
vi. 講價(jià)，討價(jià)還價(jià)；講條件，談判
(回歸課本P43)Tourists paid him small fees for these early works，and considering his later fame，they got a real bargain.
游客們買(mǎi)這些早期作品付給他極少的錢(qián)，想想他后來(lái)的名氣，他們真的非常劃算。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P137)The family refused to bargain with the kidnappers.這家人拒絕和綁架者談條件。
②(牛津P143)In the market dealers were bargaining with growers over the price of coffee.
在市場(chǎng)上經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商正和種植者就咖啡的價(jià)格進(jìn)行商談。
③Finally the two sides struck a bargain.
雙方最終達(dá)成了協(xié)議。
④The car was a bargain at that price.
那輛車(chē)的價(jià)格真便宜。
8．完成句子
(1)這件夾克衫這么便宜，真劃得來(lái)。
This jacket is________ ________ ________ at such a low price.
答案：a real bargain
(2)他和賣(mài)水果的人討價(jià)還價(jià)，直到他把水果便宜地賣(mài)給他。
He ________ ________the trader________the price till he sold him the fruit cheaply.
答案：bargained with；over
(3)他跟妻子講條件說(shuō)“你看好孩子，我做飯”。
He ________ ________ ________with his wife that“You take care of the children and I’ll cook”．
答案：made a bargain
5stick vt.& vi. 粘貼；張貼；阻塞，卡住，陷在……里
(回歸課本P47)Choose small shells so they will not be very heavy when they are stuck onto the card.
挑選一些小的貝殼，這樣當(dāng)把它們粘貼到卡片上時(shí)它們就不會(huì)很重。
歸納拓展
stick a stamp on a letter在信封上粘貼郵票
stick sth.into...把……插入/刺入……
stick to堅(jiān)持；粘貼
stick in卡在……中，陷入……中
get/be stuck in陷入……中
例句探源
①(牛津P1980)She finds it impossible to stick to a diet.
飲食老受限制，她覺(jué)得受不了。
②(朗文P2021)It was so hot his shirt was sticking to his back.
天太熱，他的襯衫都貼在背上了。
③The key has stuck in the lock.
鑰匙卡在鎖里了。
④Don’t stick your arm out of the car window.
不要把胳膊伸出車(chē)窗。
9．Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact，he________his opinion.
A．struck at B．strove for
C．stuck to D．stood
解析：選C。句意：因?yàn)榘赂缦嘈胚@個(gè)事實(shí)的準(zhǔn)確性，所以他堅(jiān)持自己的看法。stick to“堅(jiān)持”。
10．How unfortunate！We were________in a storm and our car was________in the mud yesterday.
A．set；struck B．caught；set
C．caught；stuck D．lost；caugtht
解析：選C。句意：多倒霉��！我們昨天被困在了暴風(fēng)雨中，我們的車(chē)陷在泥中了。be caught in“被困在……”，stick in“陷在……之中”。
6have an appetite for... 喜愛(ài)，渴望
(回歸課本P37)He had an appetite for life and enjoyed exploring the workings of objects and animals.
他熱愛(ài)生活并且喜歡對(duì)客觀物體和動(dòng)物進(jìn)行探索的工作過(guò)程。
歸納拓展
have a good appetite胃口好
have an appetite for...愛(ài)好……
have a poor appetite胃口不好
improve the appetite食欲大增
lose one’s appetite食欲不振
to one’s appetite合某人的胃口
satisfy sb.’s appetite滿(mǎn)足某人的食欲(或欲望
例句探源
①(朗文P81)Both of my kids have a healthy appetite.
我的兩個(gè)孩子胃口都很好。
②(牛津P80)The public have an insatiable appetital for scandal.公眾對(duì)丑事總是喜聞樂(lè)道。
③Walking all day，you can work up an appetite.
如果走一天的路，你的胃口就會(huì)很好。
11．完成句子
(1)作為一名高三學(xué)生，他喜歡學(xué)習(xí)。
As a senior 3 student，________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：he has a good appetite for study
(2)When I was ill I completely________(食欲不振)my appetite.
答案：lost
(3)他有強(qiáng)烈的好奇心。
He ________ ________ ________ ________the curiosities.
答案：has an appetite for
(4)He has________ ________(毫無(wú)斗志)for the fight.
答案：no appetite
7be admitted to/into 獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入；被……錄取
(回歸課本P43)In 1983，he was admitted to the Beijing School of Art.
1983年，他被北京藝術(shù)學(xué)校錄取。
歸納拓展
admit(to)sth./doing sth.承認(rèn)/供認(rèn)/招認(rèn)(做過(guò))某事
admit sb.into/to接納某人進(jìn)入；吸收某人參加
admit of容許有；有……的可能
admit that...承認(rèn)……
例句探源
①(朗文P27)Only members will be admitted to the club for tonight’s performance.
只有會(huì)員才允許進(jìn)入俱樂(lè)部觀看今晚的表演。
②(牛津P26)She admitted to having stolen the car.
她供認(rèn)偷了那輛轎車(chē)。
③It was generally admitted that the government had acted too quickly.
普遍認(rèn)為，政府行動(dòng)過(guò)急。
12.(2009年高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)If you leave the club，you will not be________back in.
A．received B．a(chǎn)dmitted
C．turned D．moved
解析：選B�？疾閯�(dòng)詞辨析。句意：如果你退出該俱樂(lè)部，人家就不會(huì)重新接受你。短語(yǔ)be admitted in/into表示“被錄取，被接受”，符合語(yǔ)意。
13．You may not like the new comer，but you have to ________that she is good at her job.
A．a(chǎn)dmit B．declare
C．a(chǎn)nnounce D．report
解析：選A。句意：你或許不喜歡這位新手，但你得承認(rèn)她擅長(zhǎng)她的工作。此句要用admit表示“承認(rèn)”。declare和announce都表示“宣布”；report“報(bào)道”。
14．Only ticketholders were ________ to the stadium for the concert given by Jay Chou，so many of his fans were turned away.
A．a(chǎn)llowed B．permitted
C．a(chǎn)greed D．a(chǎn)dmitted
解析：選D。be admitted to意為“獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入”。
8have a go 試一試
(回歸課本P47)There are many other things that you can use to make unusual pictures，so why not have a go at some of the ideas above and then try out some ideas of your own?
還有許多其他東西你可以利用，做出不一般的圖畫(huà)，為什么不試試上面的一些點(diǎn)子，然后試試你自己的呢？
歸納拓展
have a go at (doing)sth.試做某事
at one go一口氣
give sth.a go試做某事
have a go on sth.用一下某物
have a go at sb.抱怨某人
【溫馨提示】 go作為名詞，當(dāng)表示“嘗試”含義時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，常加不定冠詞，有時(shí)也用復(fù)數(shù)，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是goes。
She had six goes at her drivingtest before she passed.
她考了6次才通過(guò)駕駛考試。
例句探源
①He ate up all the dumplings at one go.
他一口氣吃光了所有的水餃。
②(朗文P887)Steve Martin’s going to have a go at the role Spencer Tracy made so memorable.
史蒂夫馬丁打算重新演繹斯潘塞特雷西曾扮演過(guò)的這個(gè)令人難忘的角色。
③Young children shouldn’t worry too much about spelling，but just give it a go.
小孩子不應(yīng)該太過(guò)顧慮拼寫(xiě)，只要試著寫(xiě)就行。
15．完成句子
(1)她一口氣把蠟燭全吹滅了。
She blew out the candles________ ________ ________.
答案：at one go
(2)我能用一下你的電腦嗎？
Can I________ ________ ________ ________your computer?
答案：have a go on
(3)馬克肯定會(huì)埋怨我把這筆錢(qián)都花光了。
Mark’s bound to________ ________ ________ ________me for spending all this money.
答案：have a go at
句型解析
【教材原句】 Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.(P41)
第二天早上我們剛離開(kāi)宿舍就意識(shí)到我們把地圖忘在房間里了。
【句法分析】 該句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，when引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，hardly位于句首，主句用倒裝。
hardly...when...一……就……
①Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him.
他剛開(kāi)口發(fā)言就被父親制止了。
②I had hardly sat down for a rest when the doorbell rang.
我剛坐下來(lái)休息門(mén)鈴就響了。
歸納拓展
(1)當(dāng)hardly位于句首時(shí)常使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，主句總是用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。同樣用法的還用：no sooner...than...，scarcely...when...。
③No sooner had she gone out than someone called her.
她剛一出去就有人打電話找她。
(2)表示“一……就……”的詞還有：as soon as/immediately/directly/the moment/the minute＋從句；at the thought/sight/sound of＋賓語(yǔ)；on/upon＋(doing)sth.等。
④You may leave immediately he comes.
他一來(lái)你就可以走了。
⑤I knew there was no hope the moment I saw him.
我一見(jiàn)到他就知道沒(méi)有什么希望了。
⑥The performance began on my entrance.
我一進(jìn)去演出就開(kāi)始了。
⑦At the sight of the tiger the monkeys ran away.
一看到老虎，猴子們就跑了。
16．________I had a few problems to deal with.
A．Hardly have I arrived when
B．Hardly did I arrive than
C．Hardly had I arrived when
D．Hardly had I arrived than
解析：選C�？疾樘厥饩涫�。此題為hardly...when...的倒裝句式，要注意前后時(shí)態(tài)的搭配。
17．-Have you written these letters?
-No，________ time to do any other work yet.
A．hardly I have had B．hardly have I had
C．I have had hardly D．I hardly have had
解析：選B。hardly為否定副詞，置于句首時(shí)，句子要倒裝。A項(xiàng)hardly在句首要倒裝；C、D兩項(xiàng)hardly的位置不對(duì)，應(yīng)該放在have后面。因此，答案是B。
作文指導(dǎo)
開(kāi)放式作文
【體裁導(dǎo)航】
開(kāi)放式作文一般不提供具體的情景，也沒(méi)有固定的模式限制，但其體裁和字?jǐn)?shù)仍然要受制于所提供的內(nèi)容。
做此類(lèi)題型的作文時(shí)，審題非常關(guān)鍵。還要根據(jù)所判定的體裁，打開(kāi)思路，發(fā)揮想象，不要過(guò)多地顧忌是否犯了語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，或者表述是否清楚，而要盡快找出能合理表述文章內(nèi)容的詞句，一氣呵成，完成作文。
一般說(shuō)來(lái)，開(kāi)放式作文，要求的字?jǐn)?shù)比較少，所以我們?cè)谖恼碌慕Y(jié)構(gòu)上必須注意“集中火力”，突出重點(diǎn)，直奔主題，而不要隨便發(fā)揮。
這樣，完成了表述以后，就進(jìn)入了修改階段�？凑Z(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，看語(yǔ)言表達(dá)，看單詞拼寫(xiě)，看標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，甚至看字母的大小寫(xiě)�？傊梦恼露际墙�(jīng)過(guò)反復(fù)修改而成的。
【寫(xiě)作示例】
在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的當(dāng)今社會(huì)，人們十分強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人能力，但是我們也不能忽視相互合作(cooperation)的重要性。請(qǐng)舉例說(shuō)明相互合作的重要性。
要求：詞數(shù)120左右。
【寫(xiě)作要領(lǐng)】
本題為開(kāi)放式作文，要求舉例說(shuō)明相互合作的重要性。首先應(yīng)該闡明自己贊成合作的觀點(diǎn)，然后，舉例說(shuō)明。舉例后的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該在于說(shuō)明合作的重要性上。最后一段要進(jìn)行總結(jié)，以達(dá)到前后的呼應(yīng)。
【金點(diǎn)模板】
①People’s view on________.②In my opinion，________.
③Just take________.④The success________.⑤So cooperation________.
⑥I doubt whether________.⑦No matter________.⑧At the same time，________.⑨So cooperation________.
⑩All in all，________.
【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】
My View on Cooperation
①People’s view on cooperation varies from individual to individual.In my opinion，cooperation to society is what air is to man.
②Just take the 2008 Nobel Chemistry Prize as an example.The success relies on the efforts of all the three scientists.③So cooperation plays a very important role in the fields of scientific research.
④I doubt whether personal efforts are enough to deal with the ever increasing challenges. ⑤No matter how great a person is, he or she cannot accomplish everything within his or her own strength. At the same time, everyone has their shortcomings. So cooperation is needed as far as the fact is concerned.
⑥All in all, as the saying goes “All roads lead to Rome” I think all rightful attempts to succeed lead to the improvement of men’s living and working standard.
點(diǎn)評(píng)：
①開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，點(diǎn)明主題，提出個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。
②舉例說(shuō)明合作的重要性，富有說(shuō)服力。
③據(jù)上例得出結(jié)論。
④進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明合作的重要性，闡明個(gè)人的能力再?gòu)?qiáng)大也需要合作。
⑤no matter引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句增強(qiáng)了感染力。
⑥最后給與總結(jié)，呼應(yīng)開(kāi)頭，前后得到了很好的照應(yīng)。
【類(lèi)題嘗試】
(2011年陜西寶雞教學(xué)質(zhì)檢)誠(chéng)信是處世之本。但是在中學(xué)生當(dāng)中，考試作弊、抄襲作業(yè)、欺騙家長(zhǎng)和老師等現(xiàn)象屢見(jiàn)不鮮。請(qǐng)你對(duì)以上種種現(xiàn)象作簡(jiǎn)要描述，并以“How to guarantee honesty”為題，從三個(gè)方面談?wù)勅绾伪ＷC學(xué)生做到誠(chéng)信。
注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于100；
2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
How to guarantee honesty
As we all know，honesty is always an essential principle of living.Much to our regret，however，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Honesty is the best policy，which is what we should keep in mind all the time.
One possible version：
How to guarantee honesty
As we all know, honesty is always an essential principle of living. Much to our regret, however，it is nothing new that some middle school students cheat in exams，copy others’ homework and fool their teachers and parents. Therefore，how to guarantee honesty should come to our attention.
Personally，I think honesty education is necessary. For instance，courses on honesty can be offered to students；activities like storytelling and lectures are also worth trying. With the concept of “being honest” rooted in their minds，honesty can be reflected in their daily life and study.
Besides，related rules and regulations should be laid down. Detailed criteria should be applied to evaluate students in aspects such as homework，tests，relationship with teachers and parents.
Then，strict measures should be carried out to punish those who cheat，and consequently，they must assume responsibility for their bad behavior，thus considerably reducing chances of cheating next time.
Honesty is the best policy, which is what we should keep in mind all the time.