江蘇省黃橋中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)備課組
1. Firs let’s translate some phrases:
1)推選他做班長(zhǎng)(隊(duì)長(zhǎng),主席,總統(tǒng),國(guó)王)make(elect ,choose )him monitor(captain,chairman, president, King)
2）把每天鍛煉作為一個(gè)規(guī)定 make it a rule to exercise every day
3）稱這個(gè)地方為金三角call the place the GoldenTriangle
4）稱它為古英語(yǔ)/不明飛行物call it Old English/ a UFO
5）覺(jué)得做某事是快樂(lè)的事feel / find / think it a pleasure/ fun to do sth
6）認(rèn)為幫助別人是我的職責(zé)think it my duty to help others
7）認(rèn)為撒謊是一種恥辱think it a shame to tell lies
8）把門漆成更鮮艷的顏色paint the door a brighter color
Summary: 名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)， 即： 主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)（名詞），賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有一種邏輯上的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系。能接這種賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：
call / name / consider / believe / think / find / feel / imagine/ elect / make / choose etc.
Attention:
1) 當(dāng)名詞表示某人的職務(wù)、頭銜時(shí)，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的名詞前面通常不用冠詞，如：
appoint him minister to a foreign country
2) 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的名詞通常與賓語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。如：
make Joe his assistant / make Joe and Sue his assistants
3) 可用it作形式賓語(yǔ)
find / feel / think it +n find it my duty / fun / a pleasure to do sth.
2. Second , introduce other patterns.
S+ V+ O+ Object complement.(adj/ adv.)，其中的形容詞可分為兩類。一類形容詞表示賓語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)，如find sb open/ find sth rough; 還有一類形容詞表示賓語(yǔ)的特征或心理狀態(tài)，如：find sb disappointing, find sb interested in sth, find sb deeply moved
1） 證明他是錯(cuò)的 prove him (to be ) wrong 使我們保持暖和 keep us warm
2） 把衣服弄臟 get the clothes dirty 讓門開(kāi)著 keep / leave the door open
3） 認(rèn)為最好你和我們?cè)谝黄餿hink it best for you to stay with us
4） 使某人不安 make sb uneasy 發(fā)現(xiàn)盒子是空的find the box empty
5） 覺(jué)得有必要說(shuō)出真相feel / find it necessary to tell the truth
6） 使人發(fā)瘋 drive sb mad/ crazy 祝愿人人無(wú)災(zāi)無(wú)難wish nobody ill
7） 發(fā)現(xiàn)她不在家find her out / not in 把某人留下leave sb behind
8） 發(fā)現(xiàn)新工作乏味find the new job boring 覺(jué)得這本書值得一讀think the book worth reading
9） 把門漆成黃色paint the door yellow 發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個(gè)令人失望的人find him disappointing
10） 覺(jué)得他對(duì)我的工作滿意find him pleased with my work
Attention :
1).常接形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：
find/ feel / think / make / get / keep / consider / drive / prove / wish / paint etc.
有時(shí)副詞也可作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：
find him away from home / find him out / find him in / find him abroad
2).可用it 形式賓語(yǔ)
feel it necessary to make everything clear
3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ) S + V + O + Object complement ( to do / doing / done )
A.不定式作賓補(bǔ)
常接帶to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：
ask/ advise / allow / permit/ forbid/ force / expect / want / wish / cause / warn / tell / order / would like / remind /like sb (not )to do
1) 請(qǐng)他們來(lái)幫你ask them to help you 想要我早點(diǎn)兒到want me to come early
2) 盼望我們贏 expect us to win 吩咐仆人們打開(kāi)窗子order his servants to open the windows
3) 喜歡他的太太穿著漂亮like his wife to dress well 告訴他不要遲到tell him not to come late
注意不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有：
hear/ listen to / let / make / have / see / notice / watch / look at / catch sight of / observe ect.
讓他寫文章 have him write the article 注意到他進(jìn)來(lái)并上了樓梯notice him come in and go upstairs
聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他播放CD hear him put on his CD 覺(jué)得房子晃動(dòng)過(guò) feel the house shake
Attention :
1) 動(dòng)詞原形作賓補(bǔ)，改為被動(dòng)時(shí)，要加to，let 和have不用被動(dòng)。be made to do / be listened to to do
2）注意一些固定句式中的不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)形式。
He is said to study abroad soon.
He is said to have studied abroad, but I can’t remember which country he studied in .
He is said to be studying abroad, but I don’t know which country he is studying in .
Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer .
A .to have invented B .inventing C .to invent D .having invented
B．現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)）
1）看見(jiàn)飛船在窗外飛 see a spaceship flying out of the window
2）讓我等了很久keep me waiting for long 3）發(fā)現(xiàn)他在桌旁工作find him working at the desk
4）聞到某物燒焦了smell sth burning 5）留下我在外面等著leave me waiting outside
6）看見(jiàn)銀行在被搶see a bank being robbed
7. 看見(jiàn)雨披掛在門后面see the raincoat hanging behind the door
Summary :
1) 這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：keep / find / leave / hear / see / smell / watch / get / send etc.
2) 有些感官動(dòng)詞(see, hear, feel , watch )用動(dòng)原作賓補(bǔ)表動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程，用現(xiàn)分表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。
注意：有些動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)形式不同，意義不同。如：
get sb to do sth. 讓某人去做 get sb laughing/ talking / get the clock going 讓某人------起來(lái)
(sb)send sb to do sth 派某人去做 (sth ) send sb doing 使某人------
The question sent me thinking deeply. The telephone sent him hurrying home.
C.過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)
過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系，能接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：get/ have / make / hear / see / watch / notice etc.其中感官動(dòng)詞表示賓語(yǔ)被動(dòng)接受某動(dòng)作，如：get her three sons killed ,notice him knocked down by a car---而使役動(dòng)詞表示使或讓某人做某事。如：get the car repaired / have the luggage weighed ---.注意不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，只表示動(dòng)作已完成，不表示被動(dòng)的意思。如：She found her wallet gone.
1.) He saw many trees cut (cut )down . They got their village surrounded (surround)with trees.
2.) He left the door unlocked (unlock)when he was away.
3.) They foreigner had to make himself understood (understand) by gestures.
4.) He often kept the door closed (close) when she left the room.
5.) Nobody noticed her wallet cut (cut) open. Don’t let the source of water polluted (polluted).
6.) Just now they saw the old houses pulled (pull) down.
1. 請(qǐng)人理發(fā)have one’s hair cut 2. 聽(tīng)人說(shuō)意大利語(yǔ) hear Italian spoken
3. 讓眼睛閉著keep one’s eyes shut 4. 留下作品未完成 leave one’s works unfinished
5. 讓我們得到水的供應(yīng) keep us supplied with water 6. 看到計(jì)劃被執(zhí)行see the plan carried out
7. 發(fā)現(xiàn)他坐在后面/ 他失蹤了find him seated at the back / find him lost / missing
8. 使自己被明白 make oneself understood 讓這個(gè)案件得到調(diào)查have the case looked into
9. 盡快把信寄出去have the letter posted as soon as possible
4.介詞作賓補(bǔ)，如：
find sb in the hospital/ put one’s books in good order
find the trees in place / place her in a difficult situation / allow her into the room
bring sth under control
5.有時(shí)as引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)也作賓補(bǔ)
regard him as our best friend / recognize him as the best leader
6.注意介詞with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（即介詞with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）
with the boy leading the way / with the water covering the surface of the earth
with the surface covered with water / with his son disappointing
with everything he needed bought / with two exams to worry about
with many problems to settle / with time going by
with the production up by 10%
1. The salesman scolded the girl caught ___________(steal) and let her off.
A .to have stolen B .to be stealing C .to steal D .stealing
2. Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______ went wrong again.
A .it B .it repaired C .repaired D .to be repaired
3.The chairman thought _____ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A .that B .it C .this D .him
4.With more forests _____________, huge quantities of good soil are being washed away.
A .is being destroyed B .is destroying C .are being destroyed D .being destroyed
5.You should understand the traffic by now. I have had it _______________ often enough.
A .explaining B .to explain C .explain D .explained
6.The flu is believed__________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A .causing B .being caused C .to be caused D .be have caused
7.The students expected ______ to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.
A .there B .it C .that D .one
8. When he returned years later, he found his hometown _____________completely.
A .to change B .change C .changing D .change
9.Peter wanted his TV ____ , but his wife would rather have it ____________.
A .fixed, thrown B .to be fixed, be thrown C .fixed, throwing D .fixing, throwing
10.With ______leaves ______ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.
A .falling, burying B .fallen, buried C .fallen, burying D falling, buried