江蘇省黃橋中學(xué)高一英語備課組
1. Firs let’s translate some phrases:
1)推選他做班長/隊長/ 主席/ 總統(tǒng)/ 國王_________________2）把每天鍛煉作為一個規(guī)定__________
3）稱這個地方為金三角__________________________4）稱它為古英語/不明飛行物______________
5）覺得做某事是快樂的事________________________6）認(rèn)為幫助別人是我的職責(zé)________________
7）認(rèn)為撒謊是一種恥辱__________________________ 8）把門漆成更鮮艷的顏色______________
Summary: 名詞作賓語補足語， 即： 主+謂+賓+賓補（名詞），賓語和賓語補足語之間有一種邏輯上的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系。能接這種賓語補足語的動詞常見的有：
call / name / consider / believe / think / find / feel / imagine/ elect / make / choose etc.
Attention:
1) 當(dāng)名詞表示某人的職務(wù)、頭銜時，作賓語補足語的名詞前面通常不用冠詞，如：
appoint him minister to a foreign country
2) 作賓語補足語的名詞通常與賓語在數(shù)上保持一致。如：
make Joe his assistant / make Joe and Sue his assistants
3) 可用it作形式賓語
find / feel / think it +n find it my duty / fun / a pleasure to do sth.
2. Second , introduce other patterns.
S+ V+ O+ Object complement.(adj/ adv.)，其中的形容詞可分為兩類。一類形容詞表示賓語所處的狀態(tài)，如find sb open/ find sth rough; 還有一類形容詞表示賓語的特征或心理狀態(tài)，如：find sb disappointing, find sb interested in sth, find sb deeply moved
1） 證明他是錯的 _____________________ 使我們保持暖和 _____________________
2） 把衣服弄臟 _____________________ 讓門開著 ____________________
3） 認(rèn)為最好你和我們在一起_________________使某人不安 _________________
4） 發(fā)現(xiàn)盒子是空的________________________覺得有必要說出真相____________________________
5） 使人發(fā)瘋 ____________________________祝愿人人無災(zāi)無難_______________________________
6） 發(fā)現(xiàn)她不在家__________________________把某人留下_________________________________
7） 發(fā)現(xiàn)新工作乏味________________________覺得這本書值得一讀____________________________
8） 把門漆成黃色_________________________發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個令人失望的人_______________________
9） 覺得他對我的工作滿意________________________
Attention :
1).常接形容詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：
find/ feel / think / make / get / keep / consider / drive / prove / wish / paint etc.
有時副詞也可作賓語補足語。如：
find him away from home / find him out / find him in / find him abroad
2).可用it 形式賓語
feel it necessary to make everything clear
3.非謂語動詞作賓補 S + V + O + Object complement ( to do / doing / done )
A.不定式作賓補
常接帶to 的不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：
ask/ advise / allow / permit/ forbid/ force / expect / want / wish / cause / warn / tell / order / would like / remind /like sb (not )to do
1) 請他們來幫你_________________________想要我早點兒到__________________________
2) 盼望我們贏 _________________________ 吩咐仆人們打開窗子______________________
3) 喜歡他人太太穿著漂亮_________________告訴他不要遲到__________________________
注意不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語，常見的動詞有：
hear/ listen to / let / make / have / see / notice / watch / look at / catch sight of / observe ect.
1） 讓他寫文章 _____________________注意到他進來并上了樓梯________________________
2） 聽見他播放CD ___________________覺得房子晃動過 ______________________________
Attention :
1) 動詞原形作賓補，改為被動時，要加to，let 和have不用被動。be made to do / be listened to to do
2）注意一些固定句式中的不定式作主語補足語的時態(tài)形式。
He is said to study abroad soon.
He is said to have studied abroad, but I can’t remember which country he studied in .
He is said to be studying abroad, but I don’t know which country he is studying in .
Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer .
A .to have invented B .inventing C .to invent D .having invented
B．現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補（強調(diào)動作正在進行或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)）
1）看見飛船在窗外飛 _____________________ 2）讓我等了很久_________________________
3）發(fā)現(xiàn)他在桌旁工作__________________________4）聞到某物燒焦了_______________________
5）留下我在外面等著_________________________ 6）看見銀行在被搶_______________________
Summary :
1) 這類動詞常見的有：keep / find / leave / hear / see / smell / watch / get / send etc.
2) 有些感官動詞(see, hear, feel , watch )用動原作賓補表動作的全過程，用現(xiàn)分表示動作正在進行。
注意：有些動詞的賓補形式不同，意義不同。如：
get sb to do sth. 讓某人去做 get sb laughing/ talking / get the clock going 讓某人------起來
(sb)send sb to do sth 派某人去做 (sth ) send sb doing 使某人------
The question sent me thinking deeply. The telephone sent him hurrying home.
C.過去分詞作賓補
過去分詞作賓補表示賓語與賓語補足語之間存在著被動關(guān)系，能接過去分詞作賓補的動詞常見的有：get/ have / make / hear / see / watch / notice etc.其中感官動詞表示賓語被動接受某動作，如：get her three sons killed ,notice him knocked down by a car---而使役動詞表示使或讓某人做某事。如：get the car repaired / have the luggage weighed ---.注意不及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補時，只表示動作已完成，不表示被動的意思。如：She found her wallet gone.
1.) He saw many trees _______(cut )down . They got their village __________(surround)with trees.
2.) He left the door _________(unlock)when he was away.
3.) They foreigner had to make himself ________________(understand) by gestures.
4.) He often kept the door _______________(close) when she left the room.
5.) Nobody noticed her wallet ______(cut) open. Don’t let the source of water _______(polluted).
6.) Just now they saw the old houses __________(pull) down.
1) 請人理發(fā)_________________________ 聽人說意大利語 _______________________
2) 讓眼睛閉著____________________________留下作品未完成 _______________________
3) 讓我們得到水的供應(yīng) __________________看到計劃被執(zhí)行_________________________
4) 發(fā)現(xiàn)他坐在后面/ 他失蹤了_______________使自己被明白 __________________________
5) 盡快把信寄出去_________________________讓這個案件得到調(diào)查______________________
4.介詞作賓補，如：
find sb in the hospital/ put one’s books in good order
find the trees in place / place her in a difficult situation / allow her into the room
bring sth under control
5.有時as引導(dǎo)的短語也作賓補
regard him as our best friend / recognize him as the best leader
6.注意介詞with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（即介詞with+賓語+賓語補足語）
with the boy leading the way / with the water covering the surface of the earth
with the surface covered with water / with his son disappointing
with everything he needed bought / with two exams to worry about
with many problems to settle / with time going by
with the production up by 10%
1. The salesman scolded the girl caught ___________(steal) and let her off.
A .to have stolen B .to be stealing C .to steal D .stealing
2. Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______ went wrong again.
A .it B .it repaired C .repaired D .to be repaired
3.The chairman thought _____ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A .that B .it C .this D .him
4.With more forests _____________, huge quantities of good soil are being washed away.
A .is being destroyed B .is destroying C .are being destroyed D .being destroyed
5.You should understand the traffic by now. I have had it _______________ often enough.
A .explaining B .to explain C .explain D .explained
6.The flu is believed__________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A .causing B .being caused C .to be caused D .be have caused
7.The students expected ______ to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.
A .there B .it C .that D .one
8. When he returned years later, he found his hometown _____________completely.
A .to change B .change C .changing D .change
9.Peter wanted his TV ____ , but his wife would rather have it ____________.
A .fixed, thrown B .to be fixed, be thrown C .fixed, throwing D .fixing, throwing
10.With ______leaves ______ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.
A .falling, burying B .fallen, buried C .fallen, burying D falling, buried