2. 關(guān)于“exam”
take/have one's/an exam 進(jìn)行考試 hold an exam 舉行考試
pass an exam 通過(guò)考試 fail (in) the exam 考試失敗,沒(méi)通過(guò)考試
take part in an exam 參加考試 give (students ) an exam 考學(xué)生
3. more or less
a. 大約 It's an hour's journey, more or less
b.或多或少 Written English is more or less the same in both Britain and America.
4. 與 difficulty 相關(guān)的結(jié)構(gòu)
① have some ( much, little, no...) difficulty/ trouble ( in ) doing sth.
② There is/was some ( much, little, no...) difficulty /trouble ( in ) doing sth.
③ It is/ was difficult for sb. to do sth. ④ have difficulty with sth.
He said he had some difficulty/difficulties with his English pronunciation.
5. different的相關(guān)句型
be different from 與...不同 be different in 在...方面不同
tell the difference between A and B
① The weather of North China is different ______ that of South China.
② Can you tell us the difference ________ Asian elephants and African elephants?
③ They are quite different ____ character.
7. come 短語(yǔ)
come about : happen How did this accident come about?
come across: a. meet by chance 偶然遇見(jiàn)某人或某物
b. occur to 出現(xiàn)于...中 The thought came across my mind that …
come after : 跟隨,追蹤 The farmer came after the dog with a stick.
come at : 攻擊, 襲擊 If any beast comes at you, I'll stay with you.
come back: 回來(lái)come out:
a. appear; become visible The sun / stars come(s) out.
b. become known (消息)傳出, (真相) 大白 When the news came out...
c. be published 出版 When will his new book come out?
come up :
a. ( of seeds, plants, etc) show above the ground. Spring has come; everything comes up.
b. be put forward The question hasn't come up yet.
c. come up to sb. 走近某人 come to oneself :蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)
come true:實(shí)現(xiàn)come on:過(guò)來(lái)；加油come into being:出現(xiàn)；誕生
① --- When did the company_____________? --- In 1993.
②_____________; I’ll tell you about it.
③ When I looked through the paper, I ________________his name in it.
④ He ________________ smiling to me.
⑤ We have sowed seeds in the fields, but nothing has _____________yet.
⑥ When will your book_____________?
8. 數(shù)量詞的表達(dá)方式
a. a good / great many students; a good / great many of the students
many students ; many a student a great / large number of
millions of / hundreds of / thousands of dozens of / scores of
b. much; a great deal of; a large amount of
c. lots of / a lot of ; plenty of large quantities of / a large quantity of
9. bring in
bring up: a. ( educate ) b. ( raise ) c. ( throw up)
bring about: 帶來(lái) ( cause to happen ) bring on: 使...前進(jìn); 帶來(lái)
The hot weather is bringing the wheat on nicely. bring out: take out
① We have ___________ experts to advise on the project.
② This business ___________ 300 million dollars a year.
③ The war_________________ great changes in living.
④ They have ______________ their sons to stand on their own feet.
⑤ They decided to ________________ the matter at the next meeting.
11. in a few days’ time ; in a few days
His birthday is in a week's time/ in a week. His birthday is a week away.
in 與 after 的區(qū)別:
① He will be back ________ two days. ② He came back ________ two days.
③ He will be back _______ two o'clock. ④ He came back ________ two o'clock.
12. during / in / within
① In 和 during 都可以表示一段時(shí)間，在可以用 in 的地方，一般也可以用 during。但 during 更強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)性，在表示事態(tài)要延續(xù)一段時(shí)間的名詞前，一般要用 during。如：during the meal。
② In 和 within 在表示時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)度時(shí)，都有“不少于” “不超過(guò)”的意思，只是 within 顯得更正式一些。
1. My uncle lives _______ ten minutes’ walk. The president will arrive ______ ten minutes.
2. We’ll be on holiday ___________ July. He was killed ___________ the war.
3. We made a lot of friends _________ our stay in Beijing.
14. Take 短語(yǔ)
take off 起跳; 起飛;除去,脫掉take away 拿去,移動(dòng)take back
a. 撤銷(xiāo);收回(所說(shuō)的話(huà),以承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤或道歉) I took back what I had said.
b. 同意拿回;取回 take down : a. write down寫(xiě)下,記b. 取下 c. 拆除,拆毀
take out: bring outtake on a. 開(kāi)始從事 He took on a part-time teaching job in a
middle school. b. 雇用、招收 The factory is taking on more men.
c. 具有（呈現(xiàn)）新的面貌 The land around the lake took on a
different looktake over 接替、接管、繼承
take up a. 提起、拿起 This old tree will have to be taken up by its roots.
b. 占去（時(shí)間、空間） That big clock will have to go; it takes up
too much room in the small hall. It can take up a whole afternoon to prepare a meal.
c. 開(kāi)始從事（某項(xiàng)工作） I hope to take up my new duties as your
chairman at the next meeting.
d. 開(kāi)始熱衷于（某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)） When did Jane first take up music?
e. 接受、采納 I’d like to take up your offer of a ride into town.
take sb. / sth. by surprise 突然襲擊、強(qiáng)攻take care 注意、當(dāng)心
take care of 照顧、負(fù)責(zé)take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)take sth. for granted 視為當(dāng)然
take it easy 放開(kāi)些、別緊張take place 發(fā)生、舉行take the place of 代替
take turns 輪流
19. 并列詞 when 的用法
① be about to do … when... 正準(zhǔn)備... 這時(shí)(突然)
② be doing … when... 正在做...這 時(shí)(突然)
③ be on the point of doing… when…④ had just done … when … 剛剛做
完…就…
I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.
I was about to go shopping when some friends dropped in on me.
I was going out when it began to rain.
I was walking in the street when I heard my name called.
14. bank / shore / coast / seaside / beach
bank 指河流或小溪邊沿的陸地；shore指海邊或湖邊靠水的一窄條陸地；coast 指陸地與海面的交接地帶；seaside指近海地區(qū)；beach指海灘。
1. We’re spending August at the __________.
2. My house is on the southern _________ of the river.
3. There are a lot of islands off the ________.4. The _______ was crowded with sunbathers.
5. The sailors were warned not to get into trouble while they were on _________.
23. say … to sb. say " Hi" /"Hello" to sb. (give one's regards to sb)
(remember sb. to sb.) say " Good-bye" to sb. say sorry to sb.
say yes to sb. say no to sb. 25.be made from / of / in; be made up of;
be made into; make...out of ; make up for
j The table ________________ wood. k Paper is made _____ wood; that is to
say, wood can be made _____ paper.
l A TV set ____________ hundreds of different parts.
m The machine _______________ this factory works well.
n We should do our best to _________ our lost time.
另外注意以下短語(yǔ):
make ( good/full) use of; make the best / most of; ( = take advantage of )
make up one's mind
26. through / across
1. 從……通過(guò)、穿過(guò) The sunlight was coming through the window.
2. 一直到 I go to work morning through night.
3. 經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)受 He has been through a long illness.
4. 從一邊到一邊 We plan to travel through Europe this summer.
5. （進(jìn)行到底） I’m counting on you to help me through.
1. Look around when you walk _______ the street. She drove straight ________ the town.
2. There is no bridge ________ the river. Water flows ____________ this pipe.
3. The river is 10 metres ___________1. 我們的工作條件多少有些改善。
2. 我們學(xué)校下學(xué)期將從外省引進(jìn)一些新教師。3. 你找到那所房子有沒(méi)有困難?
4. 通常對(duì)于一個(gè)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)判斷正誤有些困難。5. 有時(shí)候很難說(shuō)清爭(zhēng)吵是怎樣發(fā)生的。
6. 對(duì)不起,我不明白你的意思,請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍好嗎? 7. 當(dāng)你在倫敦見(jiàn)到約翰時(shí),請(qǐng)代我向他問(wèn)好. 8. 因?yàn)閻毫犹鞖獾木壒?飛機(jī)沒(méi)能按時(shí)起飛. 9. 我的一個(gè)朋友要出發(fā)去上海,明天我將去
車(chē)站送他。10. 我正準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi),這時(shí)他來(lái)敲門(mén)了。11. 當(dāng)他打開(kāi)盒子時(shí),除了一張紙外他什么也 沒(méi)看見(jiàn). 12. 臺(tái)灣與大陸 ( the main land) 被臺(tái)灣海峽 ( the Taiwan Straits) 隔開(kāi)。