教學(xué)目的和建議(Teaching aid and demands)
1. Words and Expressions
類別 課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目
話題 1. talking about nature, ecology and the environment
2. talking about how to save the earth.
詞匯
ecology coal summary content representative killer access premier stress
equality fairness responsibility willingness harmony wipe per alternative
defend incorrect affect advise
The united nations take part in take action air conditioner in harmony with put an end to wipe out advise sb to do sth
功能 表示某種意見（supporting an opinion）
we must make sure that……..
it’s clear that…….
I believe that we must …….
I’m all fo r…..
If nothing is done …,then …..
I can’t imagine that…..
Sure/ certainly/ absolutely
Is there a better way to ……
語法 常見的倒裝句式
1.there exist serious problem and there is still time to take action
2 Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation
3. Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.
4. had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution , I would never have bought one
5. a better understanding of the environment is necessary ,as is the willingness to act.
2. Teaching periods.
4 periods
Period One: Practice speaking and listening.
Period Two: Reading Comprehension.
Period Three: The study of language points.
Period Four: The Study of Grammar and writing.
Teaching Steps for SEFC Book 2A unit9
Period 1 Warming up, listening and Speaking
I. Goals:
1. To make Ss know pollution and present situation throughout the
world and encourage them to find solutions to this problem.
2. To encourage Ss to activate the relevant vocabulary.
3. To develop Ss' speaking by practicing supporting an opinion.
II. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Warming up
1. Greetings
2. Talk about the pictures
Present the students a series of pictures to assure them how serious the pollution is
and ask them some questions about these pictures.
⑴ ⑵ ⑶
⑷ ⑸ ⑹
Q1: What can you see in these pictures? How does it happen?
Q2: What causes the problem?
Q3: What are the biggest problems facing the earth? Why do you think so?
Q4: Have you ever done something bad to the environment?
Q5: Can you give me more examples that happened in people's daily life and is bad
for the environment?
Step 2 Listening
1. Lead in
More and more people are realizing the damage that is being done the environment and learning more and more harm that the environment is doing to our human inhabit. People are celebrating International Earth Day, when varieties of activities are held so that more people will be involved in environment protection.
2. While-listening
Listen to Part 1 and answer the questions.
1) Why is she giving this speech?
2) What does she think the most serious problem is?
3) What does she say that we should do about it?
4) What do you think she will say next?
Listen to Part 2 and fill in the blanks with what Ss hear.
Argument 1: We should _____________.
We must _________________________.
We should _______________________.
If we _______, we ________________. Argument 2; _______________________
Problem: _______________________
Solutions: _______________________
3. Post-listening
Pair work: Infer what the speaker will say next, list like the above one and share the speech with the partner and the class.
Group work: Discuss with group members about the measures that we may take to protect air, forest; animals; grassland.
Ask Ss to deliver their speech on environment protection.
Step 3 Speaking
1. Talking about what Ss can see in the picture.
(1) (2)
Q1: What is being piled in the picture 1?
Q2: What can coal be used for?
Q3: What is being giving off from the workshop?
Q4: What is being polluted?
Every coin has two sides. It is true with coal, which is a valuable resource that can be used to produce energy, but it can also cause serious pollution.
2. Group work: A debate Coal is/isn’t a valuable resource.
pros cons
A businessman An environmentalist
A scientist A local citizen
A local leader
… …
Period 2 Reading Welcome to the Earth Summit
I. Goals:
1.To promote the students' understanding of the text
2. To get the students to grasp the detailed information of the text
3. To enable the students to master some words and expressions
4. To improve the students' reading ability
II. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Warming up
Ask the students some questions connected with pollution
Q1: Did you use to go swimming in a river when you were young?
What about the children today? Why not?
Q2: Do you use one-off chopsticks while having fast food?
Q3: How do you deal with the plastic bags?
Q4: What do you think of the air today?
Q5: What do you think of the relationship between economy development and
pollution?
Step 2 Pre-reading
1. Discussion
Read the title and discuss in pairs what problems will be discussed at the summit.
(As the title states, problems related to the earth will be discussed at the summit, like air, water, forest, desert, grassland, etc)
2. Prediction
Group work: Fill in the chart with what Ss predict about what each part of the text will be about.
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
3. Problem-solving
Go through the whole passage and compare whose guess is the closest to the content of the passage.
4. Find the answers to these two questions.
Q1: When and where was the Earth Summit held?
(In 2002 in Johannesburg in South Africa.)
Q2: Which Chinese officer attended the meeting? What did he say?
(Premier Zhu Rongji; Stressed the need for quality and fairness in the world. )
Step 3 While-reading
1. Individual work
Get the students to read the text carefully and ask some students to answer the following questions in their own words.
Q1: What was the meeting held in 1972 about ?
Q2: What's the main theme of the Earth Summit?
Q3: Do you know the 'big three’? What are they?
Q4: Where do you think usually has 'the big three'? Why?
Q5: What does global development mean nowadays? What should developed
countries actually do?
Q6: What's the use of conferences like the Earth Summit?
Q7: What's the key to the future? As a student, what should you do?
2. Reading for information
Introduction Name The Earth Summit
When In 2002
Where Johannesburg, south Africa
Theme Sustainable development
How to continue developing the world without damaging the environment
Body
The “big three” Contaminated drinking water; 20%
Poor sanitation:
Air pollution: three million deaths; in rural areas in developing countries
Global development Equality Each country takes part in
Fairness
International cooperation Rich counties help poor countries; Prosperity of developing countries; Possible sustainable development
Conclusion
Impact 1. help to understand the existing serious problems
2. there’s still time to take action
3. change the way we live to save the earth
4. Ss are learning “earth issues”
5. a place to find solutions for the future
Step 4 Post-reading
1. Retelling
Suppose you were the Chinese girl who attended the Earth Summit, tell what she heard and saw at the Summit. Begin with “Hello, everyone. I’m the luckiest girl to attend the 2002 Earth Summit in Johannesburg. Now let me tell you about the summit. …”
2. Interview
Ss work in pairs, playing the role of a newspaper reporter, attendants from different continents attending the Earth Summit. Finally the teacher invites some pairs to act out their interview
2. Design the coming Earth Summit
Group work:
Task: Prepare the coming Earth Summit
Arrangement: S1: organization
S2: Prepare necessities for the Summit
S3: Mess media
S4: Attendants invited
S5: budget
S6: Transportation & accommodation
Have Ss present the preparations for the Summit in groups.
Period 3Language Study & Grammar
I. Goals:
1. To get Ss to learn and master the usages of the new words and the useful expressions in this unit.
2. To enable Ss to grasp the grammar: Inversion.
II. Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Warming up
1. Greetings
2. Play a guessing game: first some items are shown on the screen, and each item is the paraphrase of one new word. Divide the class into four groups. Ss are encouraged to guess the word as quickly as possible. This game is to enlarge Ss’ vocabulary.
(1) To make a place or substance dirty and dangerous by adding sth to it.
(2) To make a short statement giving only the main information and not the details of a plan, report etc.
(3) The situation or experience of being poor.
(4) A position or situation in which people have the same rights, advantages.
(5) To do sth in order to protect someone or sth from being attacked
(6) To do sth that produces an effect or change in someone or sth
(7) .Behavior that is intended to hurt other people physically
(8).Not right or fair
(9).Sth that you can choose to do or use instead of sth else
contaminate, summarize, poverty, equality, defend, affect;
violence, unfair, alternative )
Complete the following sentences with the words from the bracket, using the correct form.
1. According to the report, the environment has become a major _______ worldwide.
One in five children before age five die from diseases caused by environmental
problems. ( kill )
2. Internet use has been spreading at a(n) _________ speed in China. “Have you surfed the net?’’ has become a more common greeting than the traditional “ Have you eaten?’’ ( alarm )
3. The word “netizen”, which means a person who uses the Internet, comes from “net” and “________”. ( city )
4. During the interview, the young man asked about the job ____________ as a sales manager. ( responsible)
5. How many Chinese ______________ will be sent to the international meeting in Stockholm, Sweden? ( represent )
6. The people who listened to the report were shocked by the ________ of the villagers. ( suffer )
7. It was there people’s __________ to work hard and well that impressed me most. ( willing )
( possible answers: killer, alarming, citizen, responsibility, representatives, suffering, willingness )
Step 3 language points and useful expressions
1. Attend: 出席，上（大學(xué)等），照料
To go to an event such as a meeting
eg: Only 7 people attended the meeting.
To go regularly to a school, church etc
eg: All children between the ages of 5 and 16 must attend school.
To look after someone, especially because they are ill
eg: The nurse attended the patient daily.attend to sb/sth 處理，照應(yīng)
eg: I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.
Are you being attended to in a shop?
Then do some exercises to enable Ss to distinguish the following words:
attend / join / join in / take part in / join sb in sth Ex: Fill in the blanks with the expressions given.
1. He’ll _________ an important meeting tomorrow.
2. Almost all the teams in our school __________ the basketball match.
3. My wish is to ________ the army after graduation.
4. We’ll _______________ social activities during the summer vacation.
5. They didn’t ___________ the wedding.
6. I ________ the party last year.
7. Our headmaster will _______ us ____ the discussion this afternoon.
( possible answers: attend, join in, join, take part in, attend, joined, join in )
2. take notes: 作筆記，記錄
take action: 采取行動
Eg: Do you takes notes of the lectures?
He sat quietly in the corner taking notes carefully.
They took action to stop him.
The police took action to deal with this thing immediately.
The medicine will not take action for several hours.
開始起作用，見效，生效
The pill takes effect as soon as you swallow it.
take turns
take measures/steps
take place
take care
take medicine
take time
take cold
take notice
take sides
Eg: You always takes sides with him without even listening to me.
3. content:
1). n. 內(nèi)容，目錄 (常作 ~ s ) ; 容量，容積
Eg: the contents of a book
a table of contents
Look up the contents at the beginning of the book.
a bucket of more than usual content
2). Adj. 滿足的，滿意的
be content to do sth
be content with sth
content oneself with sth
He is quite content to watch TV for hours.
I’m very content with my life at present.
As there’s no butter we must content ourselves with dry bread.
access: 進(jìn)入，接近
Eg: The dead-end street was the only access to her home.
Access to the mountain-town is often difficult because of the bad roads.
have access to :
Eg: Twenty percent of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water.
have sth that you can use
Eg: The public don’t have access to the site.
the right to enter a place
Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation.
Until 的三種句式
I didn’t go to bed until my mother came back. （ 陳述句 ） v
Not until my mother came back did I go to bed. （ 倒裝句 ）
It was not until my mother came back that I went to bed. （ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句 ）直到她母親把一切對杰克和盤托出，杰克才明白她為什么跟自己生氣。
1).Jack didn’t understand why she was angry with him until her mother told him everything.
2).Not until her mother told him everything did Jack understand why she was angry with him.
3).It was not until her mother told him everything that Jack understood why she was angry with him.
A better understanding of the environment is necessary, as is the willingness to act.
As 此處的用法與so相同。
Eg: He is a patriot, as are his bothers.
David works hard, as do his classmates.
Harry is unusually tall, as are his sisters.
He believed, as did his family, that you were telling the truth.
With better education, people will be able to build a better society in harmony with
nature.
in harmony with 與---- 協(xié)調(diào) ,和諧
Eg: The color of the sofa is in harmony with the sitting room.
He soon found himself in harmony with his new co-workers.
Your suggestions are not in harmony with the aims of this project.
…perhaps put an end to the death and suffering caused by the big three.
put an end to 結(jié)束，毀掉
Eg: Winning the competition put an end to his financial problems.
The discussion was put an end to by his sudden arrival.
The wind put an end to the pier.
wipe out : 擦洗---- 的內(nèi)部，去除，消滅To make sth inside clean
Eg: wipe out the coffee pot
To destroy, remove, or get rid of sth completely
Eg: wipe out the enemy’s major military targets
Half the population was wiped out by this disease.
informal ) to make you feel extremely tired
Eg: The heat had wiped us out.
And if poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated, there is a good chance that we will see -------
there is a good chance ( that ) ----
“有 可能發(fā)生某事 ”Eg: There is a good chance that I’ll finish the work tomorrow.
There is a good chance ( that ) he will be gone by then.
affect: vt.影響，感動，（疾病）侵襲
effect：n. 影響，效果，作用
Eg: This country was affected by draught.
The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.
The sight affected her to tears.
It may be the effect of the illness.
This accident had an effect on the future of both mother and son.
Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation.
Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.
Had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.
There exist serious problems and there is still time to take action.
Among the speakers was China’s then Premier Zhu Rongji.
A better understanding of the environment is necessary, as is the willingness to act.
Without international cooperation, developing countries cannot prosper, nor will sustainable development be possible.
Study the structures of inverted sentences and g
A. Here comes the bus.
There goes the bell.
Down he went.
On the wall hangs a picture.
B. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
Never have I seen such a wonderful film.
Step 6 Practice
So neither nor as
1. Richer countries have a responsibility to protect the environment, ___________ the
poor countries.
2. We shouldn’t waste so much water,________ we use things that are harmful to the environment.
3. Air conditioners cause much pollution,________ cars.
4. Many people are determined to change the way they live.___________ I.
5. I don’t buy products that cause pollution, ________ most people I know.
6. She is interested in environmental protection,________________ her mother.
7. If you don’t stay at the party,_____________ will I.
8. I can’t attend the meeting and _______________ you; we have some other work to do.
9. A: How old are you?
B: Can you keep a secret?
A: Sure.
B: ______________ I.
Possible answers: (so/as do, neither/nor should, so/as do, so/as am, neither/nor do, so/as is, neither/nor, neither/nor can, so/as am )
II. Rewrite the following sentences, beginning with the underlined part.
1. We will not have enough drinking water until we stop polluting our lakes and rivers.
Not until_______________________________________________
2. We can save the earth only by learning to live in harmony with nature.
Only __________________________________________________.
3. I knew that air pollution causes almost three million deaths every year only after the meeting.
Only___________________________________________________
4. Sustainable development can only be possible with international cooperation.
Only__________________________________________________.
5. The Earth Summit is not only a place to talk about problems, but also a place to
find solutions for the future.
Not only___________________________________________________.
6. People will be able to build a better society in harmony with nature only with better education.
Only______________________________________________________.
7. We seldom think of the small changes that we can do to make a big difference.
Seldom___________________________________________________.
8. I have never realized that water is so precious.
Never ____________________________________________________.Try to be clean in our daily activities;
c. Use environmentally safe products Dispose of trash properly Recycle household waste, yard waste, and hazardous chemicalsDon’t pour waste water into rivers and lakes without being cleaned.Recycle the used battery.Use paper bags instead of plastic bags. 2. Report the ways to stop pollution in class.
II. 補(bǔ)充語法
倒裝語序分為“全部倒裝”和“部分倒裝”。在全部倒裝的句子中，整個謂語都放在主語的前面；在部分倒裝的句子中，只是謂語中的一部分（如助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be等）放在主語前面，其余部分仍放在主語后面。一、由there, here 或now 等引起，謂語為come（或go）的句子，例如：
There comes the bus! There goes the bell!
Here comes Mary! Now comes your turn.
注：如果主語為人稱代詞，仍用自然語序，例如：
There he comes! Here she comes!
二、由then 引起，謂語為come（或 follow）的句子，
Then came a new difficulty.
Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.
三、由here（或there）引導(dǎo)，謂語為be的句子
Here is China’s largest tropical forest.
Here are some picture-books.
注：如果主語為人稱代詞，仍用自然語序，
Here you are. / Here we are. / Here it is
四、由so引起的，表示前面所說的情況也適用于另一個人（或物）的句子，如：
Society has changed and so have the people in it.
He plays the violin quite well. So does my sister.
如果一個句子只是重復(fù)前面一句話的意思，盡管so用開頭，語序也不要倒裝
--It was cold yesterday.–-So it was!
五、由neither或nor引起的，表示前面所說 的情況也適用于另一個人（或物）的句子，
-- I won’t do such a thing.
–-Neither / Nor will I.
-- I haven’t done my homework.
–- Neither / Nor have I.
If you don’t go, neither will I.
I didn’t read the notice, nor did he.
六、在if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句中，如有助動詞had, should或were時，可以省略if，進(jìn)行倒裝，
Had I come five minutes earlier, I would have met the famous scientist.
(If I had come five minutes …)
Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here.
Were I ten years younger, I would with you.
Should you change your mind, let us know.
七、out, in, up, down, away等副詞放在主語前,主謂倒裝
Up flew the red balloon.
Out rushed a policeman from among the crowd.
注：如果主語是一個人稱代詞，謂語仍放在后面，如：
Away they went./ Down it flew. / Up it went.八、當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，把表語提到前面來, 用“形容詞（或副詞、名詞+ as +主語+謂語”這種形式
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Tired as he was, he continued to work.
Hard as I work, I can’t catch up with you.
Much as we like the place, we can’t stay here.
九、當(dāng)always, often, many a time等詞放在句首時，后面常用倒裝語序，如：
Always did he come to help us.
Often did we warn them not to do so.
Many a time did he go swimming in the river.
注：上述所說的詞不放在句首，不用倒裝語序。
十、only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句放在句首時，其后面的主語部分要進(jìn)行倒裝，如：
Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there.
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
Only once did his father discuss his future with him.
Only yesterday did I realize what was going on.
Only after he came back was I able to see him.
注：only修飾主語，仍用自然語序，如：
Only socialism can save China. 十一、含有否定意義的副詞、連詞或短語構(gòu)成的狀語放在句首時，常用倒裝語序
not, never, hardly, seldom, little, rarely,
scarcely, not until, not only…but also…,
neither…nor… no sooner…than…,
hardly…when …, scarcely…when
Never shall I forget the day.
Not until I began to work did I realize Ihad wasted much time.
Not only did he read the book, but also he remembered what he had read.
No sooner had he arrived than he fell ill.
Hardly / Scarcely had he arrived when he fell ill.
注：上面所說的詞和詞組如果不在句首，句子不必用倒裝語序。
另外，not only…but also連接兩個主語時, 不用倒裝，如：
Not only the students, but also the teacher wishes for a holiday.
十二、當(dāng)so（或such）…that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such用于句首時，要采取倒裝語序，如：
So loudly did he speak that he was heard upstairs.
So angry was he that he couldn’t speak.
So hard does he study that he is the best in the class.
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.
Such was his strength that he could bend iron bars.
注：such和be連用作表語時，也常用倒裝語序，
Such was the result.
Such were her words.
Such was the story he told.十三、在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中也常用倒裝語序：
In front of them stood a great castle.
On the bed lay a sick old man.
Under the tree sat an old man.
Seated on the ground are some young men.
Lying on the floor was a boy.
典型例題：
1. Not until I began to work ______ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize B. did I realize
C. I didn't realize D. I realize
2. - Do you know Tom bought a new car?
- I don't know, _______.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
答案為B。 Not until 引導(dǎo)從句位于句首，后面的主句要倒裝。
答案為B。句中的nor引出部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引導(dǎo)的倒裝句，表示前一情況的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。 典型例題
- Why can't I smoke here?
- At no time _______ in the meeting-room.
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
答案A. 這是一個倒裝問題。當(dāng)否定詞語置于句首以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時，其句中的主謂須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這些否定詞包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本題的正常語序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.
Not until the early years of the 19th century _______ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know
C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我們知道為一倒裝句，答案在C，D 中選一個。改寫為正常語序?yàn)�，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 現(xiàn)在將not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就變了。 典型例題
No sooner _______ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun答案D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時，一般采用倒裝句(謂語前置)。這類表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when等等。
注意：只有當(dāng)Not only… but also連接兩個分句時，才在第一個分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果置于句首的Not only… but also僅連接兩個并列詞語，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
summary
本單元的中心話題是拯救地球，包括地球所面臨的問題，造成這些問題的原因和解決問題的方法等。我根據(jù)本單元的特點(diǎn)所需搜尋了許多有關(guān)地球問題的圖片，內(nèi)容涉及水污染，垃圾污染，空氣污染，過渡砍伐，沙漠化，饑餓等幾個問題，讓學(xué)生直觀的感受地球所面臨的一些重大問題，學(xué)生們相當(dāng)觀注地球問題，討論激烈，既鍛煉了表達(dá)能力，又進(jìn)一步幫助學(xué)生提高對拯救地球的認(rèn)識。一石雙鳥，效果很好。
本單元的語法是倒裝，通過系統(tǒng)的整理，學(xué)生們掌握了常見的幾種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，并通過練習(xí)加以鞏固。
本單元教學(xué)體會最深的是：我從網(wǎng)上下載了兩個flash 一個是我是一只小小鳥，一個是攝影師的一天，通過欣賞讓學(xué)生們討論未來的地球以及怎樣拯救地球，學(xué)生們感受很深，談到很多。
不足之處：reading 部分較枯燥，課件效果不太好。，
單元知識過關(guān)練習(xí)
一. Multiple Choice:
1. Not only _____ about the food, he also refused to pay for it.
A. the customer complained B. did the customer complain
C. when the customer complained D. the customer did complain
2. ---- I don’t think I can walk any further.
----____, let’s stop here for a rest.
A. Neither and I B. Neither can I C. I don’t think so D. I think so
3. ----Operator, I’d like to have a word with Mr Henry.
----Hold on. I’ll just ____ you ____ her.
A. get; to B. join; in C. get; through D. connect; with
4. These flowers are so special I would do ____ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that C. if D. so long as
5. Only by practicing a few hours every day _____ be able to master the language.
A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you
6. My teacher suggested that I ____ to English teaching program on the radio everyday.
A. listen B. listened C. listening D. should have listened
7. I wonder if he will ____ the concert this evening.
A. join B. join in C. take part in D. attend
8. She ____ everything that’s said at the meeting.
A. takes good notes of B. takes notes for C. does good notes of
D. does good notes for
9. He told me that he did not know the contents ____ the will.
A. with B. for C. of D. to
10. Well, What action are you going _____?
A. to do B. to take C. to make D. to give
11. His tastes are _____ mine.
A. in harmony to B. harmony with C. with harmony to D. in harmony with
12. Dark glasses are sometimes worn to ____ the strong sunlight.
A. prevent B. care C. defend D. protect
13. All the people in the room were affected ____ tears.
A. to B. with C. for D. by
14. ____ mountain towns is often difficult because of bad roads.
A. Access B. Access for C. Access to D. Access along
15. Not only you but also he ____ good care of.
A. have been taken B. has taken C. is taken D. are taken
16. He is used to ____. Though he is _____, he is not _____.
A. live alone; alone; lonely B. living alone; alone; lonely
C. living alone; lonely; alone D. live lonely; lonely; alone
17. I’m free to spend the money ____ my own judgement.
A. according B. according with C. according as D. according to
18. ____ sat down for a rest _____ the door bell rang.
A. Hardly had I; when B. Hardly had I; than
C. Hardly I had; when D. Hardly I had; than
19. ____ come, please tell him to wait for me at the gate.
A. He should B. should he C. If he D. If he would have
20. He smiled, which suggested he ____ it.
A. should understand B. would understand
C. had understood D. has understood
二. Cloze
It is interesting how NASA（美國航空航天管理局）chose their astronauts for landing them on the moon. They chose men __ 21 __ the age of twenty and thirty-five. There were about fifty of them. Many were __ 22 __ air pilots. __ 23__ were scientists with two or three degrees. NASA telephoned each man they were going to choose; told him the plans and the _ 24 __ they might get in. They then asked him if he was willing to be trained as an astronaut. “How could any man __25__ such an exciting job?” One of them said, “Dangerous? Of course, it’s dangerous, __26__ most exciting!”
The health and physical condition of __ 27 _ was, of course, very necessary. _ 28 _ those in very good health and physical condition were chosen.
While being trained to be astronauts, they went through many _ 29__ . They studied the stars and the moon, and they also studied geology, the science of rocks. This was necessary __ 30__ astronauts would have to look for rocks on the moon. They would try to find rocks which might help to tell the __ 31 __ of the moon. They were all __ 32 __ to fly in helicopters(直升飛機(jī)). These helicopters landed __ 33__ down to give them some experience of the way the spaceship would __ 34 __ land on the moon. They were also taught all the __ 35__ facts about the conditions in space. They learnt all the technical details of the spaceships and rockets. They visited the scientists and engineers who __ 36__ them. They visited the factories where they were __ 37_ . They learnt how every __ 38 __ of a spaceship and its instruments work. They also learnt every detail of ground-control __ 39__.
In a word, to be chosen as an astronaut, one must be in good health, __ 40 _ in science and good at piloting.
21.A.at B. between C. of D. on
22.A.experienced B. old C. trained D. young
23.A.None B. Few C. Others D. They
24.A. dangers B. sadness C. hardship D. troubles
25.A. accept B. receive C. offer D. refuse
26.A. but B. if C. though D. however
27.A. the scientists B. men C. pilots D. young people
28.A. As B. Only C. If D. Or
29.A. jobs B. places C. courses D. ways
30.A. for B. because C. since D. so that
31.A. story B. background C. age D. name
32.A. shown B. trained C. told D. let
33.A. straight B. straightly C. indirectly D. directly
34.A. possibly B. likely C. actually D. really
35.A. not known B. well-known C. unknown D. known
36.A. drew B. produced C. designed D. made
37.A. repaired B. built C. developed D. fixed
38.A. part B. movement C. machine D. body
39.A. house B. stop C. system D. station
40.A. well-done B. well-fed C. well kept D. well-informed
三. Reading
A
Celebrities (Famous people) have joined college students around China in the latest government initiative (倡導(dǎo)) to protect the environment. The Great Wall was the focus of attention, with a clean-up of the surrounding area, and tree planting. The volunteers hope their actions can raise public awareness about environmental protection.
Familiar faces including film star Jackie Chan and TV host Yang Lan from Hong Kong were at the Great Wall. Over 200 college students joined them. They’re all volunteers for a government sponsored (主辦) environmental protection program.
A latest government report warns, china’s fragile (易脆的) environment and limited resources could hardly support economic development in the next five to ten years. However, Chinese citizens have long neglected environmental protection. Organizers hope these young people will influence people around.
Pan Yue, vice minister of State Environmental Protection Administration (環(huán)保局)，said, “The government can only make policy. But environmental protection also depends on public participation (參與). Public figures, ordinary people and the government should all join hands.”
Around the country, over 10,000 college students joined their peers in Beijing ---- planting trees, raising awareness about water conservation and cleaning rubbish from rivers.
From CCTV. com 13-28-2004 09:41
41.The underlined word “focus” in the first paragraph means ______.
A. the places of interesting B. old wall C. activity D. focal point
42. Jackie Chan and Yan Lan ______.
A. are both college students B. are both celebrities
C. enjoy planting trees D. work on TV stations
43. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Recycling B. Water conservation C. Planting trees D. Government officers
44. Which of the following statements is right?
A. College students get paid in planting trees.
B. China’s environment is in good condition.
C. Chinese citizens pay much attention to environmental protection.
D. Environmental protection depends on public participation.
45. Which is the best title of the passage?
A. How to plant trees
B. College students work at the Great Wall
C. Environmental protection
D. Volunteers protect environment
B
As a result of pollution, Lake Eric, on the borders of the U.S.A. and Canada, is now without many living things.
Pollution in water is not simply a matter of “poisons” killing large numbers of fish overnight. Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first organisms（生物體）to be affected are either plants or plankton(浮游生物). These organisms are the food of fish, birds, and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and the birds die too. In this way a whole food chain can be wiped out, and it is not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river’s edge or on the sea shore that people realize what is happening.
Where do the substances which pollute the water come from? There are two main sources, swage(污水) and industrial waste. As more detergent(洗滌劑) is used in the homes, so more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas. Detergents harm water birds, breaking down the natural substances which keep their feathers waterproof. Sewage itself, if not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful since there are many highly poisonous materials in it, such as copper and lead.
So, if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple. Sewage and industrial waste must be made clean before flowing into the water reservoirs. It may already be too late to save some rivers and lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.
46. Pollution in water is noticed________.
A. when the first organisms are affected
B. when a great many fish and birds die
C when poisons are poured into water
D. as soon as the balance of nature is destroyed
47. The living things die because there is no ______ in the lake or river.
A. oxygen B. poison C. water D. fish
48. What is the meaning of “waterproof”, the underlined word in the third paragraph?
A. full of water B. covered with water
C. not allowing water to go through D. cleaned by water
49. The way to stop water pollution is _____.
A. to put oxygen into the river
B. to realize the serious situation clearly
C. to make special room in the sea for our waste
D. to make the waste materials harmless
50. Which of the following statements is right?
A. There are many poisonous materials in industrial waste.
B. Sewage is good to fish.
C. Pollution in water does no harm to fish.
D. Birds don’t eat organisms.
四. Proof reading
To everyone in the world, money was a sensitive(敏感的) topic. 51. __________
No one can live without money in modern society. People 52. __________
have different opinions on them. Some people think one should 53. __________
live to make money, and others make money to live. 54. __________
On my opinion, the latter will be reasonable. 55. __________
We should not be the slave of money. Although money 56. __________
means a lot in our life, but it does not mean everything. 57. __________
We cannot exchange it with friendship or love. Money indeed can 58. __________
make a person enjoy his life for a while but not all a life. 59. __________
In a word, money is something but not anything. 60. _________
五. Writing
假如你在英國某語言學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)， 你的英語老師要你準(zhǔn)備一篇發(fā)言稿， 就污染問題談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?要點(diǎn)如下：
1． 工業(yè)污染的影響到處存在（空氣、水、土壤……）。
2． 人口的繼續(xù)增長，煙塵、化學(xué)廢料產(chǎn)生的后果（資源枯竭、 污染環(huán)境）。
3． 人們需要的是新鮮的空氣、 干凈的飲用水、 孩子們的健康。
4． 解決環(huán)境污染問題，不能只靠政府。
5． 保護(hù)環(huán)境應(yīng)從我做起。
注意： 1. 開頭部分已寫好， 只需接著寫。
2．除所給要點(diǎn)外， 可適當(dāng)增加某些細(xì)節(jié)， 力求行文流暢。
3．詞數(shù)：100 個左右。
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Yesterday our teacher of English asked me to say something about pollution. Now I give you my views on this vital question…
答題卷
一． 選擇
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
B B C A D A D A C B
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
D A A C C B D A B C
二． 完形填空
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A A C A D A C B C B
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
C B D D C C B A C D
三． 閱讀理解
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
D B A D D B A C D A
四．改錯：
1. was → is 2. √ 3. them → it
4. and → while 5. On→In 6. slave → slaves
7. 去掉but 8. with → for 9. 第三個a → his
10. anything → everything
五．寫作：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Yesterday our teacher of English asked me to say something about pollution. Now I give you my views on this vital question.
As a matter of fact, the effects of industrial pollution are well known to everyone: polluted water, polluted earth. Though a great deal is already being done to control these effects, the problem of pollution is still serious. Continued population increase, smog and chemical waste produced by factories and cars, not only threatens to exhaust our resources, but also pollutes our environment. We do need fresh air, clean water and our children’s health.
In my opinion, to solve the problem of pollution, everyone must refrain from polluting our environment. We should know that of this is the duty of every individual, not that of the government alone.