內(nèi)容
一、教法建議
【拋磚引玉】
單元雙基學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
Ⅰ. 語音學(xué)習(xí)
1 . 連續(xù)。
2 . 句子的重音和語調(diào)。
Ⅱ. 詞匯學(xué)習(xí)
up , get up , late , early , week , weekday , breakfast , have breakfast , leave , begin , lunch , have lunch , middle , the middle of day , supper , have supper , wash , off , take off , get to , get home , then , over , be over , often , sometimes , by
Ⅲ. 語法學(xué)習(xí)
1 . 特殊疑問句。
2 . 表示時(shí)間的介詞。
Ⅳ . 交際英語
1 . It's time to get up .
2 . I'm late .
3 . It's too late .
【指點(diǎn)迷津】
單元重點(diǎn)詞匯點(diǎn)撥
1 . up 向上
Carry the bag up to my room , please . 請(qǐng)把袋子扛到我的房間來。
The house is up on the hill . 那房子在小山上。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 以前已經(jīng)學(xué)過。stand up 起立，get up 起床。
2 . late 遲的，晚的
Don't go to bed too late . 別太晚睡覺。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 be late for 干……遲到
Don't be late for school . 上學(xué)別遲到了。
3 . early 早
Come to me early tomorrow morning .
I often read English aloud early in the morning .
You must go to bed early this evening
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 反義詞 late 。
4 . weekday 周日，工作日
We are at school on weekdays . 周末以外的其他幾天，我們?cè)趯W(xué)校上課。
We can have a basketball match on one of the weekdays . 我們可以在周日里的隨便哪一天舉行籃球賽。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 weekdays 是指從星期一至星期五這段時(shí)間 , weekday 便是這些天里的任何一天。至于周末，用 weekend 。
5 . breakfast 早餐
What would you like for breakfast ? 早飯你想吃什么 ?
He drinks tea at breakfast . 他在吃早餐時(shí)飲茶。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 吃早飯 at breakfast 。
6 . lunch 中餐
I will ask him to lunch . 我要請(qǐng)他來吃中飯。
Do you have lunch at twelve ?
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 在午飯時(shí) at lunch 。
7 . supper 晚餐
They often go for a walk after supper .
Please stay here for supper . 請(qǐng)留下來吃晚飯。
When I came in , she was at supper .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 breakfast , lunch , supper 既可作可數(shù)，又可作不可數(shù)，一般說來，指抽象概念時(shí)，在固定詞組中為不可數(shù)；指某次具體的飯時(shí)，為可數(shù)。如，have a quick breakfast ( 吃一頓簡(jiǎn)便的早餐 ) ，a light lunch ( 一頓清淡的中餐 ) 等。
8 . leave 離去，出發(fā)
The bus is leaving at ten o'clock .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 leave for+地點(diǎn) “ 離開到…… ” 。
He leaves for work at 7 every morning .
9 . begin 開始
Class , let's begin our lesson .
You can begin doing your homework now .
He began to teach English at 20 .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 begin to do sth 與 begin doing sth . 在很多情況下沒有什么區(qū)別。不過，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)情況的變化時(shí)，用 to do sth . 較多，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)有意識(shí)開始某動(dòng)作時(shí)，用 doing sth . 較多。在有些詞，如 see ( 明白 ) 前面，只能用動(dòng)詞不定式，即 begin to see… ( 開始明白…… )
School begins at eight .
10 . middle 中間的，中級(jí)的；中間
I am a middle school student .
There is a big table in the middle of the room .
He came in the middle of the night .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 in the middle of the… 中間。
We sit in the middle row . 我們從而在中間這一排。
11 . wash 漱洗；洗 ( 東西 )
I don't like to wash in cold water . 我不喜歡在冷水里洗。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 do some washing 洗一洗。
12 . off 從……下來；……開，……掉
Can you jump off the horse ?
Don't take off your clothes . 別把衣服脫下來。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 take off 脫掉，飛機(jī)起飛，turn off 關(guān)掉，get off 下車。
13 . then 那么，然后
First think and then speak . 先想然后說。
14 . by 乘 ( 車、船等 )
I came back by bus . 我是坐汽車回來的。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 be + 交通工具，表示交通方式。要注意在這樣的短語中，交通工具 ( 如 bus , car 等 ) 用單數(shù)，前面沒有冠詞。
15 . over 結(jié)束，完了
Sunday is over , it's Monday today .
There goes the bell . Class is over . 鈴響了，下課下。
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 be over 結(jié)束。
16 . often 常常
Is he often late for school ?
I don't go swimming very often .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗 注意 often 的位置，在通常情況下，放在 be 動(dòng)詞后面或主要?jiǎng)釉~前面，有時(shí)放在句末，在特別強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)放在句首。
17 . sometimes 有時(shí)
Sometimes he does his homework at school .
〖 點(diǎn)撥 〗sometime某時(shí)，some times幾此 ，some time一段時(shí)間。
單元詞組思維運(yùn)用
1 . get up起床
What time do you get up in the morning ?
He gets up early on weekdays .
Get up and put on your clothes .
2 . be late 遲到，遲了
You are late for the bus .
3 . put on 穿上
He's putting on his school clothes . 他正在穿校服。
4 . school clothes 校服
he is washing his school clothes . 他正在洗校服。
5 . speak to sb . 和……說話
You mustn't speak to your uncle like that .
What are you going to speak to him about ? 你打算同他談什么呢 ?
Am I speaking to Miss Gao ? 您就是高小姐嗎 ? ( 電話中用語 )
6 . be early 早
It's too early for bed . 現(xiàn)在上床睡覺太早了。
7 . on week days 在工作日，在平常
We work on weekdays .
I have a lot of things to do on weekdays .
8 . have breakfast 吃早餐，have lunch 吃晚餐，have supper 吃晚餐
What time do you have supper ? 你在什么時(shí)候吃晚飯 ?
I often have breakfast with my mother . 我常和媽媽在一起吃早飯。
注意在這幾個(gè)短語中，breakfast , lunch , supper 前沒有冠詞；have 不再是 “ 有 ” 之意，變疑問句、否定句時(shí)必須用助詞 do 或 doesn't 。
9. begin school 上課
What time do you begin school ? 你們什么時(shí)候上課 ?
get to 可表示 “ 到達(dá) ” ，get 為不及物動(dòng)詞，表示位置的變化，to 為介詞，當(dāng)后面接副詞時(shí)，不再加 to , 如 get here ( 到達(dá)這里 ) , get home ( 到家 ) 等。
10 . by bike 騎單車
12. every day 每天，天天
不要寫成 everyday , every day 作狀語，而 everyday 為形容詞，表示 “ 每日的，日常的 ” ，如 everyday English ( 日常英語 )
二、學(xué)海導(dǎo)航
【學(xué)法指要】
單元句型思路明晰
如何詢問做某事
It's time ( for , sb . ) to do sth .
It's time for us to start .
It's time for you to tell him about it .
for sb . 為后面動(dòng)詞不定式 to do sth 的邏輯主語，表示后面的動(dòng)作該由誰去做，有時(shí)可省略。
What time do you do sth ? 你什么時(shí)候 ( 干…… ) ?
What time do you do your homework ? 你什么時(shí)候做作業(yè) ?
What time 問的是幾點(diǎn)幾分的具體時(shí)間，因此，回答時(shí)要用具體時(shí)間。
What time does he ／ she do sth ? 他 ( 她 ) 什么時(shí)候…… ?
What time does she have breakfast ?
What time does he leave home
區(qū)別：What time is it ? 幾點(diǎn)啦 ?
單元難點(diǎn)疑點(diǎn)釋疑
1 . What time does Han Meimei get home every day ? 韓梅梅每天什么時(shí)候到家 ?
get home 意為 “ 到家 ” ， “ 離家 ” 是 leave home 。如要表示 “ 到校上學(xué) ” ，應(yīng)說 get to school , “ 到達(dá)工廠 ／ 農(nóng)揚(yáng) ” ，則說 get to the factory ／ the farm。例如：
1 ) My father often gets home late . 我父親常常到家很晚。
2 ) He works in a factory . He gets to the factory at eight in the morning . 他在一家工廠工作。他每天早晨 8 點(diǎn)鐘到廠。
注意：leave home 離家，go home 回家，get home 到家，在 home 前都不用冠詞。
2 . Late ? No , you aren't ! You're early . It's Sunday today ! 遲到 ? 不，你沒遲到 ! 你早著呢，今天是星期天 !
Late ? 是省略句，全句為： “ Are you late ? ”
Late 的反義詞是 early “ 早 ” ，例如：
A: Am I late ? 我來晚了嗎 ?
B: No , you are early . 不你很早。
I often go to school early . 我經(jīng)常早到校。
3 . On weekdays , what time do you get up ? 在周日，你幾點(diǎn)鐘起床 ?
( 1 ) weekdays ( ＝ work days ) “ 周日 ” 、 “ 工作日 ” ( 在英美等國(guó)家指除星期天或星期六以外的日子 ) 例如：
A: On weekdays , what time do you go to school ? 在周日，你幾點(diǎn)鐘上學(xué) ?
B: I go to school at seven thirty . 我七點(diǎn)半鐘 上學(xué)。
4 . We have lunch in the middle of the day . 我們?cè)谥形绯晕顼垺?/p>
( 1 ) have lunch 吃午飯
have 可以和不同的詞搭配構(gòu)成詞組，在不同的詞組中，它具有不同的意思。例如：
have breakfast 吃早飯，have a look 看一看，have a walk 散步，have a talk 談話，have a swim 游泳，
Have an apple , please . 請(qǐng)吃個(gè)蘋果。
Can I have some oranges ? 我可以買些桔子嗎 ?
( 2 ) in the middle of the day 在中午
in the middle of the night 在半夜，
in the middle of 還可表示位置，例如： in the middle of room 在房間中間，in the middle of the river 在河當(dāng)中
英語中表達(dá)不同的時(shí)間時(shí)，所用的介詞不相同：
在一天的早上、下午、晚上，用介詞 in 。例如：
in the morning 在早上 在上午，in the afternoon在下午，in the evening 在晚上，在傍晚
在某一天，用介詞 , 例如：
on Monday 在星期一，on Sunday 在星期天，on Friday 在星期五
在幾點(diǎn)鐘或某一時(shí)刻時(shí)，用介詞 at，例如：
at two o'clock 在兩點(diǎn)，at three fifteen 在三點(diǎn)一刻
5 . He's taking off his clothes and going to bed . 他正在脫衣服，打算睡覺。
( 1 ) take off “ 脫掉 ( 衣服 ) ” “ 取下 ( 帽子 ) ”
take off 的反義詞是 put on ( 穿上，戴上 ) 例如：
I want to take off the coat and put on this sweater . 我想脫掉外套穿這件毛衣。
( 2 ) and going to bed ＝ and he is going to bed .
6 . In the afternoon , classes are over at 3:30 , and I get home at about five . 下午三點(diǎn)半鐘下課，我五點(diǎn)鐘左右到家。
( 1 ) be over “ 結(jié)束 ” 例如：
Class is over . 下課了。
They play basketball after school is over . 放學(xué)后他們打籃球。
( 2 ) get home “ 到家 ”
go home “ 回家 ” get here “ 到這兒 ” get there “ 到達(dá)那兒 ” ，這些短語中的 home , there , here 都是副詞。
get to 后接名詞，例如：
I often go to school at 7:00 and get to school at 7:30 . 我經(jīng)常七點(diǎn)上學(xué)，七點(diǎn)半到校。
( 3 ) at about 4:00 在大約四點(diǎn)鐘。about 大約
There are about five people in the room . 房間里大約有五個(gè)人。
I have lunch at about 12:00 . 我在大約12點(diǎn)鐘吃午飯。
7 . I often watch TV , but sometimes I read .
often ( 經(jīng)常 ) 和 sometimes ( 有時(shí) ) 是兩個(gè)表示頻率的副詞。
often 的頻率高于 sometimes 。例如：
Mike often goes to school early . 邁克經(jīng)常到校早。 ( often 表示邁克到校早的次數(shù)多。 )
Tom sometimes goes to school early . 湯姆有時(shí)到校早。 ( sometimes , 表示湯姆到校早的時(shí)候不多。 )
often 和 sometime 可置于句首，句中，句末，位于句首時(shí)有強(qiáng)調(diào)的意思，例如：
Often I go to school early . 經(jīng)常，我上學(xué)都很早。
位于句末時(shí)有補(bǔ)充說明意味。
I go to school early , sometimes . 我到學(xué)校很早 ( 但只是 ) 有時(shí)候。
8 . on weekdays 工作日，學(xué)習(xí)日
weekdays 指每周除周六和周日以外的工作日 ( 對(duì)于工作的人來說 ) 或?qū)W習(xí)日 ( 對(duì)于學(xué)生來說 ) ，一般指周一至周五5天時(shí)間。注意前面介詞是 on，而不用 in。例如：
What time do you get up on weekdays and what time do you get up on Saturdays and Sundays ? 平常你幾點(diǎn)起床 ? 在周六和周日你幾點(diǎn)起床 ?
On weekdays , we go to school at about 6:30 in the morning and come home at about 5:30 in afternoon . 平常我們?cè)缟洗蠹s6：30上學(xué)，下午大約5：30回家。
9 . by bike 和 on one's bike
表示騎車去某地，我們常說 go……by bike。要注意的是 by bike 這一短語中，名詞 bike 不能用復(fù)數(shù)，前面不能用任何修飾語或限定詞，如不能說 by a bike , by bikes , by his bike等。如果要帶限定詞或其它修飾語，則不用介詞 by，而要用 on。如可以說 on a bike , on his bike 等。另外，我們可以說 by car ( 乘小汽車 ) ，by bus ( 乘公共汽車 ) ，by boat ( 乘船 ) ，by plane ( 乘飛機(jī) ) 等，也可以說 in a car , in his car , on the bus , in the boat 等。例如：
I go to work by bike ／ by car ／ by bus every day . 我每天騎車 ／ 坐小汽車 ／ 乘公共汽車上班。
She is coming to see us in his car .
10 . school clothes 校服
clothes 統(tǒng)指衣服，只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，沒有單數(shù)形式�？梢哉f many clothes , these clothes。但不可以說 a clothes , three clothes。
【妙文賞析】
(A)
In England people don't usually talk very much . You can go on a bus or in train , and everyone sits looking out of the window .
Often they read . They read books and papers . But they don't talk much .
When you meet English people , they often talk about one thing - the weather ( 天氣 ) . So when you meet someone in England , you can say , “Nice weather for the time of year ! ”
“But it was a little cold ( 冷 ) yesterday , ”someone may answer .
“But it was a little warmer ( 暖和 ) later ! ”you can say .
Talk like this , and the English will think , “How friendly you are ! ”
賞析：該文主要介紹了不同的文化習(xí)慣。在英國(guó)人們喜歡談?wù)撎鞖饩驮谥袊?guó)人們見面好說“吃了嗎”一樣，這被認(rèn)為是友好的、有禮貌的。
(B)
Mary has a little sister . Her name is Rose . Rose is only five and can't read or write .
One day , Mary sees her litter sister at the table with a pen in her hand .
“What are you doing ? ”Mary asks .
“I am writing to my friend , Kate , ”says Rose .
“But how can you ? ”says Mary , “You don't know how to write . ”
“Well , ”says Rose , “It doesn't matter . Kate doesn't know how to read . ”
賞析：Rose 會(huì)寫字嗎 ? Kate 會(huì)看書嗎 ?
(C)
Tom finished school when he was eighteen years old . He wanted to work at a bank in the city . He went to the bank and asked for a job there . A man took him into a small room and gave him questions on a piece of paper . Tom wrote the answer on the paper in a hurry . The man looked for a few minutes , and then said , “Was your birthday on the 12th of December , Tom ? ”
“Yes , sir . ”Tom said .
“What year ? ”the man asked .
“Oh , once a year sir . ”Tom said .
賞析：Tom 的生日是12月12號(hào)，但是他出生于哪一年，他回答出了嗎 ? 別人問他出生于哪一年，他回答每年一次，是問錯(cuò)了，還是回答錯(cuò)了 ? 我看兩者都錯(cuò)了。
【思維體操】
A . 猜一猜
1 . I am something that can run out but can't walk . What am I ?
2 . Add two numbers to 19 and make it less than 20 . How can it be ?
答案：1 . water 2 . 19 ( 1／2 )
B．短文改錯(cuò)
I am Class One , Grade One . Our classroom is 1 .
big and nice . The windows are big but the walls are 2.
white . There is a big blackboard in the front wall . 3.
There have two maps on the back wall . One is a map of 4.
China , the other is a map of the world . In front 5.
of the room there's a big desk . Its for the teachers . 6.
There're some little desks and chairs . They're for 7.
our students . What's on the teacher's desk ? There're 8.
some flowers . We all like our teachers . Their 9.
are good teacher . 10.
答案：1. am后加in 2. but → and 3. in → on 4. have → are 5. in后加the 6. Its→It’s 7. little → small 8. our → us 9. Their → They 10. teacher → teachers
三、智能顯示
【心中有數(shù)】
單元語法發(fā)散思維
特殊疑問句的用法
( 1 ) 英語特殊疑問句是以疑問詞開始的疑問句。它的語序與漢語不一樣。英語的特殊疑問句是把疑問詞放在句首，后面接 be 動(dòng)詞的變化形式；或接助動(dòng)詞 do ／ does，或 can , would 等，再接句子的主語、謂語動(dòng)詞及其它成分，句末用句號(hào)。例如：What does he often do on Sundays ? Where is the boy singing ?
( 2 ) 如果疑問詞在句中做主語或主語的一部分，疑問詞或疑問詞加主語部分后面直接跟 句子的謂語動(dòng)詞及其它部分。例如：Who is on duty today ? Whose father is an English teacher ?
( 3 ) 疑問詞還可以與某些單詞搭配，構(gòu)成不同的詞組來表示不同的意思。如：what colour , what time , whose coat , which girl , how many 等。這些詞組必須放在句首。
( 4 ) 特殊疑問句的回答與一般疑問句不一樣，即不用 yes 或 no 來回答，有時(shí)可以只回答有關(guān)的疑問詞或詞組。例如：Who likes singing ? Li Fang likes singing . ( 或 Li Fang . )
※ 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
在英語中，句子主要通過謂語動(dòng)詞形式來表示動(dòng)作或情況發(fā)生的不同時(shí)間，這種動(dòng)詞形式叫做時(shí)態(tài)。至現(xiàn)在我們已學(xué)了兩種時(shí)態(tài)，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在時(shí)。它們的謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成形式不一樣，這與句子所表示的概念以及所用的時(shí)間狀語有關(guān)。因此，我們?cè)诖_定用什么動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，要理解這一句子講的是一般性情況，經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，還是此時(shí)此刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如果是一般性情況或經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作，往往用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句子里常常有 often , sometimes , everyday , in the evening 等類似的詞語作時(shí)間狀語。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行某個(gè)動(dòng)作，則用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，句中有時(shí)用 now , at this time 等作狀語，試比較：
Do you often do your homework in the evening .
你經(jīng)常晚上做作業(yè)嗎 ? ( 經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 )
Are you doing your homework now ?
你現(xiàn)在正在做作業(yè)嗎 ? ( 強(qiáng)調(diào)此刻的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 )
He gets up at six every day .
他每天六點(diǎn)起床。 ( 每天發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 )
He is getting up and putting on his clothes .
他正在起床穿衣服。 ( 此時(shí)此刻在干什么，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 )
We have six classes every day on weekdays .
我們從周一至周六每天上六節(jié)課。 ( 一般性情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) )
They are having supper now .
他們正在吃晚飯。 ( 此刻在干什么，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) )
【動(dòng)手動(dòng)腦】
單元能力立體檢測(cè)
A. 根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容填空，每空填一詞
1 .- _____ father is a teacher in your class ?
-Ling Feng's father is a teacher in our class .
2 .-_____ is this in English ?
-It's a banana .
3 . -_____ is Tom ?
-He's Kate's brother .
4 . -_____ _____ bikes can you see in the picture ?
-I can see five .
5 . -_____ man is your English teacher ?
-The one in the black coat .
6 .- _____ _____ do you go to bed every evening ?
-I go to bed at 9∶30 .
7 . -_____ is Lucy's hat ?
- It's on her desk .
8 . _____ do you like the machine ?
9 . -_____ does Han Meimei like eating ?
-She likes eating apples and eggs .
10 . -_____ does your mother do ?
-She's a driver .
B. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空
1 . Jim and Kate are _____ the same school , but they are _____ different classes . They go to school _____ weekdays . _____ school , Jim often plays football _____ his friends .
2 . Class begins _____ eight _____ the morning . Now the students are all _____ the classroom . They are listening _____ the teacher . The teacher is speaking ____ English .
3 . Uncle Zhou is a worker . He works _____ a factory . He doesn't work _____ a farm . He goes _____ work Monday ______ Friday . He goes there _____ bike . He stays ____ home _____ Saturday and Sunday .
C. 選擇正確答案
1 . A:_____ are your new shoes ?
B: They're all right .
A . What B . How C . How many D . Where
2 . Their classroom is big and ours _____ big , too .
A . are B . isn't C . aren't D . is
3 . A:_____ is your school bag ?
B: The yellow one .
A . What B . What colour C . Which D . Where
4 . Here are some books for _____ sister and _____ .
A . his , he B . my , I C . they , them D . her , her
答案：A. 1 . Whose 2 . What 3 . Who 4 . How many 5 . Which 6 . What time 7 . Where 8 . How 9 . What 10 . What B. 1 . in , in , on , In , with 2 . at , in , in , to , in 3 . in , on , to , from , to , by , at , on C. 1 . B 2 . D 3 . C 4 . D 5 . B 6 . D 7 . A 8 . A 9 . C 10 . D
【創(chuàng)新園地】
用本單元所學(xué)知識(shí)完成下列各句：
1、我的父母在工作日上班很早。
2、我們上午8點(diǎn)上課開始。
3、中午我們?cè)趯W(xué)校就餐。
4、放學(xué)后，我和李英一起玩游戲。
5、有時(shí)我不在學(xué)校做作業(yè)。
( 請(qǐng)同學(xué)們把你改后的答案反饋給我們 )
創(chuàng)新園地答案：
1. On weekdays my parents go to work very early .
2. We begin classes at 8:00 o’clock in the morning .
3. At noon we have our lunch at the school . / We have lunch in the middle of the day at our school .
4. After school I play games with Li Ying .
5. Sometimes I don’t do my homework at the school .