1、meet/meet with
（1）.meet 意為“碰見”“遇見”“見到”。
e.g.I'm glad to meet you.很高興見到你。
He had never met a foreigner who spoke such perfect chinese.
他從來沒有遇見一個(gè)能說這樣好的漢語的外國人。
而meet with則強(qiáng)調(diào)“偶然遇到”“碰到”(come across;meet sb.by chance)
e.g.I have met with this word many times in my reading.我在閱讀中多次碰到這個(gè)詞。
I had not seen him for years but met with him in the street yesterday.
我?guī)啄隂]見他了，但昨天在街上碰到了他。
(2).表示主動(dòng)地去“接”或“迎接”要用meet。
e.g.I'll meet my uncle at the station.我將到車站接我叔叔。
I'm to meet the seven o' clock train.我去接7點(diǎn)鐘的火車。
而表示“遭到”“遭遇”(后接抽象名詞)，“受到”(=to receive)要用meet with。
e.g.He met with an accident when riding a bike.他在騎車時(shí)遇到了意外事故。
We met with a warm reception.我們受到了熱情的接待。
(3).表示一般性的“會(huì)見”“約見”“見面”，常用meet。
e.g.I didn't care to meet these people.我不愿見這些人。
I must be off.I'm meeting a comrade from Beijing at six.我得走了，我6點(diǎn)要會(huì)見一位北京來的同志。
但表示較正式的“會(huì)見”“會(huì)晤”，常用meet with。
e.g.He met with the Prime Minister of Japan for an hour.
他會(huì)見了日本首相一個(gè)小時(shí)。
(4).meet 還有“應(yīng)付”“滿足”“適應(yīng)”等意義，還可構(gòu)成習(xí)語make both ends meet (使收支平衡，維持生活)。
e.g.They didn't know how to meet the situation.他們不知道如何應(yīng)付這一局面。
We must try our best to meet the demand of the market.我們必須盡力滿足市場(chǎng)的需求。
They could hardly make both ends meet in the past.過去他們簡直無法維持生活。
2.tear(at)/tear down/tear up
(1).tear為“撕，扯”意思，但tear可用于及物或不及物動(dòng)詞(常與at連用，只表“撕，扯”動(dòng)作本身，并未言及結(jié)果)。試比較：
Why did you tear the cloth when I had advised you to cut it with scissors?
為什么我勸你用剪子剪，你卻把布扯了。
He is tearing at something.他在扯什么東西。(并未言及結(jié)果)
(2).tear down短語動(dòng)詞，“拆毀，撕下”。
e.g.They are tearing down the old houses to make way for a new road.他們正在拆除那些舊房子，以便修一條新路。
He tore down the notice.他撕掉了那個(gè)布告。
(3).tear up短語動(dòng)詞“撕碎，撤銷”。
e.g.She tore up the letter as soon as she had read it.她看完信后就把它撕碎了。
He told the lawyer to tear up the old contract and prepare a new one.
他告訴律師撤銷舊合同，制訂一份新的。
另外，tear up 還有“(連根)拔起”之意。
e.g.An elephant can tear up a tree by the roots.大象能把一棵樹連根拔起來。
3.China/Chinese/China's/of China
代表國家的專有詞“China,China's,Chinese及of China”都可修飾名詞，但用法又有所不同。
首先我們對(duì)這四個(gè)詞做一個(gè)分析，China既可作名詞又可作形容詞，作名詞時(shí)意為“中國”，作形容詞時(shí)意為“中國的，中國產(chǎn)的”；Chinese同樣既可用作名詞，又可用作形容詞，作名詞時(shí)意為“中國人，漢語，中文”，作形容詞時(shí)意為“中國的，中國人的，漢語的，中文的”；China's是China作名詞時(shí)的所有格形式；of China是China作名詞時(shí)與of構(gòu)成的“of-結(jié)構(gòu)”，作名詞的后置修飾語，它們都可以修飾名詞，其主要區(qū)別如下：
1.China與Chinese
(1)兩者均可修飾名詞，并常構(gòu)成名詞固定短語，表示特殊意義。China表示“中國產(chǎn)的，來自中國的，中國土生土長的”或“在中國流行式樣的”，一般指來源。
e.g.China silk 中國絲綢 China tea 中國茶 China rose 月季花
另外，也有些詞已形成單獨(dú)一個(gè)詞。 e.g.China town中國城，唐人街
但用Chinese時(shí)，一般指“與中國(人)有關(guān)的或具有中國(人)特點(diǎn)的”，側(cè)重于“具有中國特色的”，更多地是指文化方面，多用于人文。
e.g.Chinese calendar 農(nóng)歷，陰歷 Chinese classics 中國古典文學(xué)
(2)當(dāng)China與Chinese與后面的名詞構(gòu)成固定短語時(shí)，有時(shí)兩者可互用。
e.g.China ink=Chinese ink 墨
China wood oil=Chinese wood oil 桐油
但有時(shí)用China 或Chinese意義不同。
e.g.China policy 指其他國家的對(duì)華政策 American China policy 美國對(duì)華政策
Chinese policy 中國人自己所實(shí)行的政策
(3)China及Chinese均可構(gòu)成專有名詞
e.g.China Daily 中國日?qǐng)?bào) China Centre Television 中央電視臺(tái)
Chinese Academy of Science 中國科學(xué)院 the Chinese Olympic Committee 中國奧委會(huì)
(4)Chinese除能構(gòu)成固定名詞短語及專有名詞之外，還具有普通形容詞的兩種意思：
a.“中國的、中國人的、中文的”
e.g.Chinese characters 漢字 Chinese food 中國食物
b.“中國風(fēng)味的”
eg.Chinese dishes 中國菜 a Chinese room 中國式建筑或房間布置
2.China's與Chinese的用法比較
(1)兩者都有“中國的”之意，但用China's時(shí)，一般把國家作為眾人構(gòu)成的集合體看待，并常用擬人用法。
e.g.China's reform 中國改革
China's foreign trade 中國對(duì)外貿(mào)易
而Chinese一般只是表達(dá)“中國的，中文的”等形容詞意義。
e.g.a Chinese girl 一個(gè)中國女孩
(2)有時(shí)在同一名詞前用China's或Chinese時(shí)意義不同。
e.g.China's chi-pao 中國生產(chǎn)的旗袍
Chinese chi-pao 中國式樣的旗袍(不一定中國生產(chǎn))
3.China's及of China
(1)China's一般用于人文或與人文有關(guān)的場(chǎng)合，而of China一般用于構(gòu)成所有格，表示所有關(guān)系。我們一般用the map of China而不用China's map。
(2)of China還常構(gòu)成一些專有名詞
e.g.the Communist Party of China 中國共產(chǎn)黨
the People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國
the People's Bank of China 中國人民銀行
注意當(dāng)涉及到固定短語及專有名詞，在判斷用哪一種形式時(shí)，應(yīng)以字典為據(jù)。
4.would like,feel like
feel like和would like 都表示“想要干某事”。
(1)feel like 中的like是介詞,后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞.如:
I feel like sleeping/taking a walk.我想睡/散步。
I don’t feel like walking very much today.今天我不想走太多的路了。
Do you feel like having something to eat?你想要點(diǎn)東西吃嗎？
I feel like a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。
I feel like some fish and chips for supper.晚飯我想吃些魚和土豆條。
It’s so hot. I feel like a swim.天真熱，我想去游泳。
（2）would like 中的like 是動(dòng)詞，后跟不定式或名詞。如：
What would you like to do now ?你現(xiàn)在想做什么？
I would like to have dinner with you.我想和你一起吃飯。
I would like to talk to you for a minute .我想和你談一下。
Would you like some help?你需要幫助嗎？
5.cause, reason
(1)cause是造成一種事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的“原因”。后接介詞of.如：
Carelessness is the usual cause of fire.造成火災(zāi)的原因通常是不謹(jǐn)慎。
Heat is the cause of the expansion of matter.熱是物體膨脹的原因。
（2）reason是說明一種看法或行為的“理由”。后接介詞for.如：
You must tell him the reason why you won’t accept his offer.
你必須告訴他你為何拒絕他的提議。
6．get through, go through
I tried to telephone you but I couldn’t __________.
A.put through B.get through C.go through Dcome through 答案:B
(1)get through 和 go through 表示“通過（某地、議案等）；用完”時(shí)可互換使用。如：
The man was so fat that he couldn’t get/go through the door，那人胖得連那扇門都過不去。
The plan for this term will have to get/go through the leading group of the school。本學(xué)期計(jì)劃得經(jīng)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子通過。
I have got/gone through three pairs of shoes in a month..這一個(gè)月內(nèi)我穿壞了三雙鞋。
（2）get through 和 go through又各有其意義：
get through :通過考試；接通電話
I got through everything except English .除英語外我別的都極格了。
I can’t get through to Beijing.The line is busy.我打不通北京的電話，占線。
go through:檢查；看一遍；經(jīng)歷（困難，痛苦）
I went through my homework to make sure that nothing had been missed.我將作業(yè)檢查了一遍，以確定什么都沒有漏掉。
Go through the text from the beginning .把課文從頭看一遍。
She must have gone through a lot.她一定吃了不少苦。
7.loving,lovely,lovable
(1)loving意為“愛慕的；鐘情的；深情的。”如：
He gave her a loving kiss.他給了她一個(gè)深情的吻。
(2)lovely 意為“可愛的，美麗的；迷人的”。如：
The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden.
這幢房子有很多大房間，并有一個(gè)惹人喜愛的花園。
（3）lovable 意為“可愛的，惹人愛的”。多形容人或動(dòng)物。有時(shí)可以與lovely互換。
如：
She is a lovable child.她是個(gè)可愛的孩子。
It is a lovable kitten.它是一只可愛的小貓。
Step2近義詞填空
1.meet/meet with
(1)The farmer some difficulty.His crops need water badly.
(2)I want you some of my friends.
(3)They had to change the plan in order to the new situation.
(4)The Chinese leaders the foreign guests in the hall yesterday.
(5)The foreign guests a warm welcome when they arrived.
(6)Thank you very much for coming to me.
答案：(1)met with (2)to meet (3)meet (4)met with (5)met with (6)meet
2.occur / happen
(1)The December Ninth Movement _______ in 1936.
(2)Just as I was leaving the house it________ to me that Ihad forgotten my key.
(3)It so _______ that I had on money with ,e.
答案(1)happened/occurred (2)occurred (3)happened
3.emotion/felling/sense
(1)I don’t mean to hurt your _________.
(2)He has a fine ______ of humour.
(3)He spoke of his dead wife with deep______.
答案(1)feelings (2)sense (3)emtion
4.habit/custom
(1)Don't get into the of smoking.
(2)It is the for westerners to celebrate Christmas.
(3)He was in the of going for a walk before breakfast.
答案：(1)habit (2)custom (3)habit
簡析：habit表示“習(xí)慣”，“習(xí)性”通常指?jìng)�(gè)人的習(xí)慣，一旦養(yǎng)成，便難戒除。其后常接of doing sth.。如“養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣”，get/fall into the habit of doing sth.或form the habit of doing sth.如表示“戒掉……的習(xí)慣”，可用fall/get out of the habit of doing sth.。custom表“風(fēng)俗”，“習(xí)慣”，常用來指某個(gè)國家、某個(gè)地方或某個(gè)社會(huì)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，有時(shí)也指生活習(xí)慣，后面接動(dòng)詞不定式。
e.g.The western customs are different from the Chinese ones.