Period1 Words and Expressions
1. fellow n. 人；家伙
Who's that old fellow? 那個(gè)老家伙是誰(shuí)？
同伴；同事
We were schoolfellows. 我們?cè)?jīng)是同學(xué)。
2.claim
vt （根據(jù)權(quán)利）要求，認(rèn)領(lǐng)，索賠
Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident?
你的車(chē)子出事之后，要求領(lǐng)保險(xiǎn)金了嗎？
I claimed the coat that the teacher found. 我認(rèn)領(lǐng)了老師找到的外套。
Did you claim on the insurance after your house fire?
你家失火后你要求保險(xiǎn)公司賠償了嗎?
聲言；自稱(chēng)；主張
He claimed that he hadn't done it, but I didn't believe him.
他聲稱(chēng)沒(méi)有做這件事，可是我不相信他。
Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.漁夫和水手有時(shí)聲稱(chēng)看到過(guò)海里的妖怪。
His claim about the number of people killed in the spring forest fire was evidently overstated. 他所說(shuō)的春天森林大火中的死亡人數(shù)顯然是夸張了的。
He claims that he has got one of the two earliest British stamps but nobody believes him. "他自稱(chēng)得到了英國(guó)兩張最早的郵票中的其中一張,但是無(wú)人相信。"
n.（依據(jù)權(quán)利的）要求
They made a claim for higher pay. 他提出更高報(bào)酬的要求。
n.聲明；聲稱(chēng)
The government's claim that war was necessary was clearly mistaken.
政府聲稱(chēng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是必然的，這說(shuō)法顯然是錯(cuò)誤的。
n.索賠
3. criminal -crime
4. govern-government-governor
vt., vi. 統(tǒng)治；治理
to govern a country 治理國(guó)家
控制；左右；抑制
You should govern your temper. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)抑制你的脾氣。
5.as a consequence因此，由此=as a result
as a consequence of=as a result of
6.resemble 相似
She resembles her mother in the way she moves her hands when she talks.
她說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)打手勢(shì)的動(dòng)作像她媽媽。
7.diverse adj. 不同的；相異的
diverse interests 不同的興趣
8.transform vt. 使變形；使改觀；轉(zhuǎn)變；改造
She transformed the room by painting it.
她油漆了房間使它為之一新。
9. immigrate vi. 移居入境 immigration (emigrate)
10.strengthen vt., vi. 加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)
Our enemy has greatly strengthened during the truce talks.
和談期間，敵人力量已大為增強(qiáng)。
The front army troops were strengthened by a large contingent of students from the military academy. 前線(xiàn)部隊(duì)得到了一大批軍事學(xué)院學(xué)員的增援。
The fence was strengthened with wire.
這堵圍欄用金屬絲加固了。
11.differ -----different---- difference
vi.（常與from連用）不同；不像；相異
My brother and I differ in many ways. 我和我兄弟在許多方面都不同。
She differs from me in many ways. 她在許多方面都和我不一樣。
Nylon and silk differ. 尼龍和絲綢不同。
Chinese differs greatly from Japanese in pronunciation.
漢語(yǔ)發(fā)音跟日語(yǔ)大不相同。
12.concept----New Concept English n. 概念；觀念；思想
I understand some of the concepts of the theory but I'm not sure about its details.
"我懂得這個(gè)理論的一些概念,但對(duì)詳細(xì)內(nèi)容可不大清楚。"
13.break down
to cause to collapse; destroy:使崩潰；毀壞：
break down a partition; broke down our resolve.
搗毀一堵隔墻；喪失了我們的決心
to have a physical or mental collapse. 使健康、精神崩潰
You will break down if you keep on working like that.
to give up resistance; give way: 放棄抵抗；屈服：
broke down and bought a new car; prejudices that break down slowly.
不再堅(jiān)持，買(mǎi)了一輛新的小轎車(chē)；慢慢放棄了的偏見(jiàn)
break in
To enter premises forcibly or illegally: 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入，非法進(jìn)入：
a prowler who was trying to break in. 企圖非法闖入的小偷
To interrupt a conversation or discussion. 打斷談話(huà)，打斷討論
break into To interrupt: 打斷：
“No one would have dared to break into his abstraction”(Alan Paton)
“沒(méi)有人膽敢打斷他的臆想”(艾倫佩頓)
To enter (a field of activity): 進(jìn)入（一個(gè)活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域）：
broke into broadcast journalism at an early age.
早年就進(jìn)入了廣播新聞界
break off 扯斷，斷裂 斷絕（關(guān)系）
break out
Fighting broke out in the prison cells. 牢房里發(fā)生斗毆
break through
To make a sudden, quick advance, as through obstruction or opposition.
突破，穿過(guò)：沖破障礙突然、迅速地前進(jìn)
break up 分散：
The crowd broke up after the game. 比賽結(jié)束后人群四面散開(kāi)
break
n. 破；破裂；破隙
a break in the clouds 云朵間的一線(xiàn)青天
暫停；休息 a coffee break 飲咖啡的小憩
Let's have a break. 讓我們休息一會(huì)兒。
After a short break the play continued. 休息片刻后,戲繼續(xù)開(kāi)演。
We've been doing experiments 24 hours without a break.
我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)已連續(xù)不斷地進(jìn)行了二十四小時(shí)。
破曉 at day-break 破曉時(shí)
〈臺(tái)球〉連續(xù)擊球得分
〈網(wǎng)球〉接發(fā)球得分
機(jī)會(huì)；運(yùn)氣
Give him a break. 給他一次機(jī)會(huì)。
14.chew
You must chew your food well before you swallow it. 食物要細(xì)嚼慢咽。
15.feed on
16.entire adj.全部的；完全的
an entire set of Shakespeare's plays 莎士比亞戲劇全集
The entire class will be there. 全班都在那兒。
Due to bad cold she spent the entire day in bed. 她因重感冒在床上躺了一整天。
He wrote the entire play in only two weeks. 整個(gè)劇本只花了他兩個(gè)星期時(shí)間。
17.mine 2
n.礦, 豐富的資源；寶庫(kù) 地雷
A good encyclopedia is a mine of information. 一部好百科全書(shū)是知識(shí)寶庫(kù)。
vt., vi.
They were mining for silver. 他們開(kāi)采銀礦。
to mine the castle walls 把地道挖到了城堡墻
18.fence
n.柵欄；籬笆；圍墻
The fence kept the dog in the yard. 柵欄把狗圈在了院子里。
sit on the fence 騎墻觀望
19. round up
To seek out and bring together; gather. 驅(qū)攏；集攏
round the clock 一直；不停地
Round-the-clock service features this little store. 日夜服務(wù)是這家小商店的特色。
round vt., vi. 使成圓形；變圓
The boy's eyes rounded with excitement.男孩興奮得眼睛睜得圓圓的。
繞彎；繞行
He rounded the corner at 90 miles per hour 他以每小時(shí)90英里的速度拐彎。
20. outdoors adv., n.（在）戶(hù)外；（在）野外
A farmer works outdoors. 農(nóng)民在野外干
21. outing –go for an outing
22. logic logical
n.邏輯；邏輯學(xué)
Your friend doesn't seem to be governed by logic.
你那位朋友好象沒(méi)有邏輯性。
推理方法
At this point your logic is at fault. 在這一點(diǎn)上你的推理是錯(cuò)誤的。
There's no logic in spending money on things you don't need.
把錢(qián)花在你不需要的東西上是不明智的。
23.pointed adj. 尖的；尖角的
a pointed roof 尖屋頂
直接了當(dāng)?shù)模宦手钡?/p>
a pointed refuse 率直的拒絕
顯著的，強(qiáng)烈的（表現(xiàn)）
a pointed wit 銳敏的機(jī)智
24. claw
vt.（用爪子）撕，拉
The cat clawed the chair. 貓用爪子抓椅子。
Their favorite cat clawed a hole in my stocking.
他們家寵愛(ài)的貓?jiān)谖业囊m子上抓破了個(gè)洞
25. medium-media （傳播消息的）媒介；（藝術(shù)的）形式
Commercial television is a medium for advertising. 商業(yè)電視是一種廣告媒介。
藉以生存之物或環(huán)境；媒介物；介質(zhì)
A fish in water is in its natural medium. 魚(yú)在水中，自得其所。
居中
a happy medium 中庸之道
medium adj. 中等的；中庸的；普通的
medium wave （無(wú)線(xiàn)電廣播的）中波
He is of medium height. 他是中等身材。
26. bushy cloudy windy sunny rainy hairy noisy stormy shiny
Passage 1
I. Warming Up & Lead In
Look at the pictures and answer the questions:
①. What do you know about the Australia? List three things that interest you.
②. Look at the map of Australia. Which of the places would you like to visit? Why? Why would you do there?
③. Explain where the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, Melbourne and Canberra are.
II. Reading
i)The text on the next page is about Australia. Look at the list below and tick the questions that you think will be answered in the text.
( )1.How large is Australia?
( )2.When was Australia founded?
( )3.Who lives in Australia?
( )4.What is the capital of Australia?
( )5.What animals are native to Australia?
( )6.Wht is Australia famous for?
( )7.What does the Australian flag look like?
( )8.How many people live in Australia?
( )9.How is Australian English different from British English and
American English?
ii).Answer the following questions.
① What do the symbols on the Australian flag represent?
② Who were the first people to arrive in Australia ?
③ Why were first prisoners sent to Australia after 1778? Where were they from?
④ What happened to the original Australians when the European newcomers arrived?
⑤ What was the problem with Australia’s Constitution?
⑥ How did the two world Wars change Australia?
⑦ How does Australian English differ from British English?
III. Language Points:
1. Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories…..
2. ….a city located between Sydney and Melbourne.
3. Six of the points represent the states and the seventh stands for all the territories.
4. Some Australian Aborigines still live in similar way to their ancestors, while others live in cities…..
5. the war of independence made it impossible for England to send prisoners to North American,
6. The British governor landed on January 26,today known as Australian Day.
7. The Constitution governing six states stated that…….
8. The First World war had a strong influence on Australia.
9. Australia began to transform itself into the modern country it is today.
10. Australia benefited from immigration.
11. Australian English differs in pronunciation from British and …..
12. some of the vocabulary used down under is quite different from what …..
13. Australians are fond of their language and love to have fun with it
14. While some of the Aboriginal languages have been lost, people are trying hard to protect and record what is left.
Passage 2
I. Revision
II. Reading
1. Why does Australia have so many plants and animals that cannot be found anything else in the world?
2. Why do kangaroos carry their young in a pocket of skin on their stomach?
3. In what way is Australia different from all the other countries in the world?
Compare the climate in different areas of Australia with that found in different parts of China. Does the climate in your area affect the way you live?
III. Language points
1,Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
2. One strange animal lay eggs, yet feeds its young on its milk.
Yet adv. 還，尚，仍
He has not come yet. 他還沒(méi)有來(lái)。
She is yet a child. 她還是個(gè)孩子。
He was poor, yet happy. 他很窮，可是很快樂(lè)。
The driver's not yet conscious after the accident.
駕駛員在出事后,還沒(méi)有蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)。
The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died.
醫(yī)生們尚未確定這位婦女的死因。
Yet conj. 可是；然而
He worked hard, yet he failed. 他工作努力，可是他失敗了。
3, …..give birth to very small and weak young.
4…..over 140 species of snakes, many of which are extremely dangerous.
5……h(huán)as more than 14times as many people.
6.A long fence runs for hundreds of kilometers across Australia.
7.The purpose of the fence is to keep out a type …
8…..for the task of rounding up the sheep or cattle.
9.The climate is different depending on the area.
10….most Australians are delighted to share a cold glass of beer …