[考點聚焦]
I. 詞組歸納
1. 遲到 ________________
2． 文化提示 _________________
3. 用英語 _________________
4. 成對的 _________________
5. 穿藍(lán)色衣服的男孩 _________________
6. 表演出來 ________________
7. 電話號碼 ________________
8. 姓氏 _________________
9. 名 _________________
10. 給約翰打電話4953539 _________________
11. 失物招領(lǐng)處 _________________
12. 黃金戒指 _________________
13. 一串鑰匙 _________________
14. 家譜 ___________________
15. 為……而感謝 ___________________
16. Tony的全家福 ___________________
17. 把……帶去給某人 ___________________
18. 他的數(shù)學(xué)書 ___________________
19. 一些錄像帶 ___________________
20. 在梳妝臺上 ___________________
21. 把……帶來給某人 ___________________
22. 在A和B之間 ___________________
23. 在地板上 _________________
24. 打電腦游戲 __________________
25. 棒球球棒 __________________
26. 一個網(wǎng)球拍 __________________
27. 想做某事 __________________
28. 歡迎來到我們學(xué)校 ___________________
29. 加入學(xué)校體育中心 ___________________
30. 馬上加入我們吧！ ___________________
31. 豐富的體育用品收藏 ___________________
32. 在電視上看籃球比賽 ___________________
33. 跑步明星 __________________
34. 吃健康的食物 __________________
35. 就早餐而言 __________________
36. 食物清單 __________________
37. 一年的這個時候 __________________
38. 以一個非常優(yōu)惠的價格 _________________
39. 各種顏色的毛衣 _________________
40. 出售 ________________
41. 看一下…… _________________
42. 服裝店 _________________
43. 籃球打得好 _________________
44. 非常喜歡…… _________________
II. 句型歸納
1. _______ _______ name?
My name is Dale.
2. _______ _______ _______ your aunt?
She’s 37 ________ old.
3. _______ that?
It’s Gina.
4. _______ this _______ English?
It’s letter A.
5. _______ play soccer today!
Great, that sounds good.
6. _______ _______ are these desks?
They are brown.
7. _______ _______ you _______ watch?
W-A-T-C-H.
8. _______ that her eraser?
No, _______ isn’t.
9. _______ telephone number?
_______ 7385098.
10. _______ this your brother?
Yes, _______ is.
11. _______ _______ his books?
They’re on the dresser.
12. _______ _______ on the dresser?
Yes, they are.
13. _______ they have a computer?
No, they _______.
14. _______ he have a soccer ball?
Yes, he _______.
15. I like oranges but I ______ like bananas.
16. Their father likes broccoli but he ______ like hamburgers.
17. _______ _______ your sister like for lunch?
She likes fish and salad for lunch.
18. _______ _______ are the red socks?
_______ 3 dollars.
III. 考點歸納
1. Hello, Eli. Good morning. 嗨，埃麗。早上好。
英文中常用的問候語及其回答：
－Hello. －Hello.
―Hi. ―Hi.
―Good morning. ―Good morning.
―Good afternoon. ―Good afternoon.
―Good evening. ―Good evening.
―Good night. ―Good night.
―How do you do? ―How do you do?
―How are you? ―Fine, thank you.
高分突破：
注意對 “How do you do?” 和 “How are you?” 兩句話的回答不要弄混淆。
2. Sorry, I’m late. 對不起，我遲到了。
1) sorry “對不起” 用于引出某一過錯。
Excuse me. “對不起” 用于引起對方的注意。例如：
I’m sorry I can’t speak English.
Excuse me, is this your backpack?
2) be late (for ...) (做……)遲到
be late for school/ class/ work/ the meeting
上學(xué)/上課/上班/開會遲到
高分突破：
late的副詞仍為late, 不能寫成lately. 例如：
請不要晚到學(xué)校。
Please don’t arrive lately for school. （×）
Please don’t arrive late for school. （√）
3. Nice to meet you! 很高興認(rèn)識你！
對表示見到某人很高興的幾種表達(dá)：
（It’s）Nice to meet you.
=(I’m) Happy/ Glad/ Pleased to meet you.
高分突破：
注意形容詞與主語的搭配：
I’m nice to meet you. （×）
It’s happy/ glad/ pleased to meet you. （×）
4. What’s this in English? 這個用英語怎么說？
1) 同義句：What’s the English for this?
2) 用什么語言，介詞用in: “in + language”. 例如：
in English 用英語
in Chinese 用漢語
in Japanese 用日語
in your own words 用自己的語言
高分突破：
用鋼筆：in ink = in pen = with a pen
5. Let’s learn English. 讓我們學(xué)英語。
1) let’s = let us 讓我們
Let’s ..., shall we?
Let us ..., will you?
Let’s do sth.
= Why not do sth.?
= What/How about doing sth.? 例如：
Let’s learn English.
= Why not learn English?
= What/How about learning English?
2) let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事 例如：
Let me play the guitar.
Let Tony draw a picture for you.
高分突破：
① let sb. to do sth. (×)
② let sb. do sth. 中的sb.若是代詞要用賓格形式。
Let she sing an English song. (×)
Let her sing an English song. (√)
③ let sb. do st.. 中的sb.即使是第三人稱單數(shù)后面的動詞仍用原形，例如：
Let him plays soccer. (×)
Let him play soccer. (√)
3) learn 學(xué)習(xí)
learn sth. 學(xué)習(xí)……, 例如：
We will learn physics this term.
4) learn sth. from … 從……學(xué)到……, 例如：
We learnt cooking from my cousin.
5) learn from 向……學(xué)習(xí), 例如：
Let us learn from Lei Feng.
6) learn to do sth. 學(xué)做……， 例如：
Lucy learnt to play the trumpet last summer vacation.
6) learn + 疑問代詞 + to do sth. 例如：
We are learning how to mend this bike.
You should learn what to say when you meet the foreigners at the airport.
高分突破：
learn和study的區(qū)別：
兩個詞語都有這一用法：learn sth. / study sth.。
但指學(xué)習(xí)時，study有“深入研究”的含義；而且study不能用作：study to do sth.。
6. What color is this Z? 這個字目Z是什么顏色？
1) 對顏色提問的兩種方法：
What color …? = What’s the color of …? 例如：
What color is your purse? = What the color of your purse?
2) color v. 著色
color sth. + 顏色, 例如：
I want to color it red.
高分突破：
1）對名詞（復(fù)數(shù)）的顏色提問時，不能用what colors，例如：
What color are these cups? (√)
What colors are these cups? (×)
2) color是可數(shù)名詞，例如：
I don’t like these colors.
7. What’s your name? 你叫什么名字？
1) 對姓名的幾種提問及回答：
What’s your name? = May I have/know your name?
My name is … = I’m …
2) 姓氏：family name / last name/ surname
名： given name/ first name
全名：full name
3) 中文名字的習(xí)慣：
family name / last name/ surname ＋ given name/ first name
英文名字的習(xí)慣：
given name/ first name ＋ family name / last name/ surname
高分突破：
在交際英語中應(yīng)注意由于中英文名字的區(qū)別所造成的對人物的稱呼也不同，例如：
Zhang Xiaoli: Miss Zhang/ Xiaoli (√)
Zhang/ Miss Xiaoli (×)
Dave Green: Mr. Green/ Dave (√)
Green/ Mr. Dave (×)
8. Is this your dictionary? 這是你的字典嗎？
回答：Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
Is this/that ...?
Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. (√)
Yes, this/that is. / No, this/that isn’t. (×)
例如：
Is that your brother’s backpack?
Yes, it is.
高分突破：
－Is this/that + 人?
－Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. (√)
－Yes, he/she is. / No, he/she isn’t. (×)
9. Call John at 495-3539. 給約翰打電話495-3539。
call v. 打電話
1) 單獨使用 “打電話”, 例如：
Please call this evening.
2）call + sb. “給某人打電話”, 例如：
Please call Bob this evening.
3) call + telephone number “撥打某一電話號碼”, 例如：
Please call 2377485 now.
4) call + sb. + at + telephone number “給某人打電話”, 例如：
Please call my teacher at 65774839.
請給Gina打電話，她的電話是2684753．
Please call Gina, her phone number is 2684753.
=Please call Gina at 2684753.
10. Thanks for the great photo of your family. 感謝你的全家福照片。
1) 感謝你。
Thanks. = Thank you. (√)
Thank. (×)
Thanks you. (×)
2) Thanks for + sth./doing sth. 為……而感謝你。例如：
Thanks for your help.
=Thanks for helping me.
3) the photo of your family
=your family photo
11. Here is my family photo. 這是我的全家福照片。
1)倒裝句式：
介詞＋謂語＋主語（名詞）
Here is your letter.
On the dresser is my photo.
介詞＋主語（代詞）＋謂語
Here you are.
高分突破：
這種倒裝句式中，謂語動詞一般不用進行時態(tài)。
Under the tree _______ a boy.
A. is standing B. stands C. stand D. is stand ( B )
2)This is ... .的句型也表示“這是……�！钡ǔＳ糜诮榻B；而“Here is... .”常用于把某物給說話的對象。
12. Please take these things to your brother. 請把這些東西帶給你弟弟。
take, bring, carry 和get的區(qū)別：
1） take “帶走”，從近處帶到遠(yuǎn)處，例如：
Please take these books to your home after school.
1) bring “帶來”，從遠(yuǎn)處帶來，例如：
Please bring me some video cassettes.
2) carry “帶”，無方向性，指移動較重、較大的東西，有“負(fù)重”的含義，例如：
The bag is too heavy for me. Can you carry it for me?
3) get “去拿來”，相當(dāng)于go and bring，例如：
Can I get you something to drink?
13. I need my hat, my ID card, my notebook and my pencils.
我需要我的帽子，身份證，筆記本和鉛筆。
need v. 需要
1) need ＋ sth./sb. “需要……” 例如：
She really needs these video cassettes.
2) need to do sth. “需要做……” 例如：
I need to listen to some relaxing music.
3) need doing sth. = need to be done “需要被……” 例如：
These flowers need watering.
=These flowers need to be watered.
14. There are books in the bookcase. 書柜里有書。
There be 句型
1）構(gòu)成及意義
There be + n. + some place. 在某處有什么。
例如：
There is an alarm clock on the dresser.
There are some keys in the drawer.
2) 否定式
There be + not + a/an +n. + some place.
There be + not + any + n.(pl.) + some place.
There be + no + n. + some place.
例如：
There isn’t a baseball on the floor.
There aren’t any books in the bookcase.
3) 疑問句及回答
Be there + a/an +n. + some place ?
Be there + any +n. (pl.)+ some place ?
--Yes, there is(are).
--No, there isn’t(aren’t any).
How many + n.(pl) +be there + some place?
There is only one.
There are … .
高分突破：
1）There be句型的就近原則：若有兩個或兩個以上的主語是，謂語常與靠近它的那個主語一致。
例如：
There is a book, two pens and some cups on the table.
There are two pens, some cups and a book on the table.
2)變疑問句或否定句時，應(yīng)將原句中的some改為any。
3)對不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問：
There is some broccoli in the bowl.
How much broccoli is there in the bowl?
There are three bowls of broccoli on the table.
How many bowls of broccoli are there on the table?
4)在變特殊疑問句時，不要忘記加are(is) there。
How many kids are there in the room? (√)
How many kids in the room? (×)
5)需要強調(diào)狀語時，可以將狀語提前。
On the table there is only one tennis racket.
6)與have的區(qū)別在于：have表示某人或某物擁有什么；而There be表示在什么地方存在什么。
15. You want to join your school sports center.
你想加入你學(xué)校的體育中心。
want 想，想要
1) want + sth./sb. “想要……” 例如：
I want two hamburgers.
2) want to do sth. “想要做……” 例如：
He wants to join the reading club.
3) want sb. (not) to do sth. “想某人（不）做什么” 例如：
My mother wants me to practice English every day.
He wants that boy not to play soccer in the street.
16. Welcome to our sports center. 歡迎到我們體育中心來。
welcome
1）作名詞：a warm welcome 熱烈歡迎
2）作形容詞：You’re welcome. 沒關(guān)系。
sb. be welcome to some place 歡迎某人到某地
sb. be welcome to do sth. 歡迎某人做什么事
3）作動詞：welcome sb. 例如：
Let’s welcome Mr. Smith to give us a talk.
17. Ed Edgarson has a great sports collection.
Ed Edgarson有豐富的體育用品收藏。
名詞修飾名詞：一般情況下變復(fù)數(shù)時，只有被修飾的名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式，例如：
apple tree － apple trees
toy train － toy trains
shoe shop － shoe shops
如果修飾詞為man, woman則兩個名詞都要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式，例如：
woman doctor － women doctors
man teacher － men teachers
高分突破：
1) 有的名詞常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)， 例如：
clothes shop － clothes shops
sports center － sports centers
2) 豐富的鋼筆收藏：a great/big pen collection
少的鋼筆收藏： a small pen collection
18. He only watches them on TV. 他只在電視上觀看它們。
1) 看：watch, see, look, read
watch TV/ a movie/ a football game/ a match/ the news reports
see a movie/ an old friend
look at the picture/ that funny boy
read the newspaper/ a map/ the menu/ an interesting story
2) on TV 在電視上
on the phone 在電話里
on the computer 在電腦上
on the screen 在屏幕上
19. Do you like bananas? 你喜歡香蕉嗎？
1) like v.
like sth. / sb. 喜歡…
like doing sth. 喜歡做…
like to do sth. 想做…
like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做…
would like to do sth.想做…
would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做…
2) like prep.
be like 像…
look/sound like 看/聽起來像…
高分突破：
like doing sth. 喜歡做…（長期的喜好，習(xí)慣）
1)
like to do sth. 想做…(短期的，具體的某一次活動) = want to do
dislike, love, hate 都有類似的用法。
What does your father like? 你父親喜歡什么？
2)
What is your father like? 你父親長得什么樣？
dislike v. 不喜歡
3）
unlike prep. 不像
3) 泛指某一類的事物：
不可數(shù)名詞：直接使用
可數(shù)名詞： 名詞復(fù)數(shù) / 冠詞＋名詞單數(shù)
20. Runner eats well. 跑步選手吃得好。
1） 構(gòu)詞法：在動詞后面加-er或-or,將動詞變?yōu)槊~，意思是“做……的人”
直接加：
clean–cleaner sing-singer paint-painter wait-waiter
report-reporter work-worker teach-teacher speak-speaker
act-actor visit-visitor
只加-r:
dance-dancer write-writer drive-driver
雙寫尾字母：
run-runner swim-swimmer shop-shopper
高分突破：
1) cook v.烹調(diào) ― cook n.廚師 － cooker n.廚房用具
2) 跑步明星： running star (√)
runner star (×)
21. Middlebrook High running star Katrina Pedrosa eats a lot of healthy food. Middlebrook高中的跑步明星Katrina Pedrosa吃許多健康的食物。
1) a lot of = lots of 可以用來修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。
Jim drank a lot of/lots of beer.
I have a lot of/lots of things to do.
2) a lot = a lot of/ lots of +名詞
Do we have some rice at home now ?
Yes, we have a lot.
3) a lot作狀語，表示程度、數(shù)量或頻率。
I like ice-cream a lot.
Thanks a lot.
I know a lot about it.
22.For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas and apples.
早飯她喜歡吃雞蛋，香蕉和蘋果。
1) for 就……而言
2) have/eat + 三餐 “吃早/中/晚飯” 例如：
I usually have lunch at home.
have/eat + a + adj. + 三餐 “吃怎樣的早/中/晚飯” 例如：
have a rich/ big/quick/…breakfast 吃了頓豐盛的/迅速的早餐
We had a quick super tonight.
23. How much are these pants? 這褲子多少錢？
對價格提問：
1) How much …?
2) How much … cost?
3) What’s the price of …?
例如：
How much is this sweater?
= How much does this sweater cost?
= What’s the price of this sweater?
24. You name it, we have it at a very good price.
只要你說得出來，我們這里都有并以優(yōu)惠的價格出售。
以怎樣的價格： at a ... price
以優(yōu)惠的／高的／低廉的價格： at a good/ high/ low price
我以優(yōu)廉的價格買了一雙鞋．
I buy a pair of shoes at a good price.
這件毛衣正在以高價出售．
This sweater is on sale at a high price.
高分突破：
price和high、good、low等詞搭配使用。
things(東西)和expensive、dear、cheap等詞搭配使用。
例如：
The price of this coat is high. = This coat is expensive.
The price of my trousers is low. = My trousers are cheap.
容易犯的錯：
The price of these pants is expensive.
My glasses are low (price).
25. We have T-shirts in red, green and black.
我們出售紅色，綠色和黑色的T恤衫。
同義句：We have red T-shirts, green T-shirts and white T-shirts.
n.+ in + 顏色 ＝ 顏色＋n. 例如：
She has a new orange jacket. = She has a new jacket in orange.
n. + in all colors 各種顏色的…… 例如：
各種顏色的毛衣： the sweaters in all colors
各種顏色的水： the water in all colors
高分突破：
在n. + in all colors這個短語中，若中心詞是可數(shù)名詞則應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
例如：
各種顏色的帽子：the caps in all colors (√)
the cap in all colors (×)
26. We have black and blue hats for $15.
我們以15美元出售黑藍(lán)色的帽子。
1) 同義句：We sell black and blue hats at the price of $15.
for + money = at the price of + money 以……（具體的）價格
2) buy sth. for + money 以……（具體的）價格買了什么
buy sth. for + sb. 給某人買了什么
例如：
I bought a pair of red socks for $3.
I bought a pair of red socks for my daughter.
27. Huaxing Clothing Store Sale1! 華興服裝店大減價！
1) sale n. 出售
2) great sale 大減價
at great sale 在大減價期間，例如：
come and buy some clothes for you at great sale.
3) on sale 正在出售，例如：
Look! The cute toy bears are on sale!
4) for sale 待售, 例如：
This house is for sale!
高分突破：
sell v. 賣
Is that book on sale in you store? = Do you sell that book?
sell sth. to sb. 把什么賣給某人
Ⅳ. 語法精講
名詞
1. 含義
名詞表示人或事物的名稱或抽象概念，可在句子中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語或定語。
2. 分類
1）名詞可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞。
人名：Gina, Lin Wei, Mr. Bush etc.
節(jié)日：Christmas, Teachers’ Day etc.
專有名詞 地名：Chongqing, China, America etc.
時間：Sunday, September etc.
機構(gòu)，團體等：CCTV, WTO etc.
個體名詞：strawberry, baseball, drum etc.
集體名詞：class, family, people, police etc.
普通名詞
物質(zhì)名詞：water, meat, sea etc.
抽象名詞：work, surprise etc.
高分突破：
專有名詞前一般不加冠詞。
帶有冠詞的專有名詞：
①由普通名詞或形容詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。例如： the Great Wall the Summer Palace
②由“普通名詞+專有名詞”或“專有名詞+普通名詞” 構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。
例如： the New York Times
③表示全體國民的專有名詞前。例如： the Chinese
④表示“一家人”或“夫婦”的專有名詞前。例如： the Greens
⑤報刊、書籍、雜志的專有名詞前。例如： the Times
⑥團體機關(guān)、學(xué)校、醫(yī)院、公共建筑的名稱前。例如： the United Nations
⑦江湖、海洋、山脈等名字的專有名詞前。例如： the Yellow River
可數(shù)名詞：可以用數(shù)目計算，有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。
例如： event, documentary, tomato etc.
2）按名詞的可數(shù)性
不可數(shù)名詞：不可以用數(shù)目計算，一般沒有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。例如： rice, broccoli, beef etc.
單數(shù)名詞：指單個的可數(shù)物體。
例如： a runner，an orange ect
3）按可數(shù)名詞及其形式
復(fù)數(shù)名詞：指兩個或以上的可數(shù)物體。
例如： some watches, three uncles etc.
3. 名詞的數(shù)
1) 一般名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
構(gòu)成法 讀音 例詞
一般情況在單數(shù)形式詞尾加-s -s在清輔音后發(fā)／s／
-s在濁輔音和元音后發(fā)／z／ book – books
egg – eggs
以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的詞后加-es 讀作／iz／ bus – buses
box - boxes
watch – watches
以e結(jié)尾的詞在后加-s 讀作／iz／ horse – horses
以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-es 讀作／z／ dictionary-dictionaries
documentary-documentaries
以元音字母＋y結(jié)尾的詞直接在后加-s 讀作／z／ boy – boys
key – keys
以f, fe結(jié)尾的詞變f, fe為v加-es 讀作／vz／ leaf – leaves
wife – wives
thief – thieves
以o結(jié)尾的詞在后加-es 讀作／z／ potato – potatoes
高分突破：
① 以y結(jié)尾的專有名詞，變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時，直接加-s。eg the little Marys 小瑪麗們
② 以下以f, fe結(jié)尾的名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時，直接加-s。
roof – roofs (房頂) chief – chiefs (首長) safe – safes (保險箱)
③ 以下以o結(jié)尾的外來詞，變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時直接加-s。
zoo – zoos radio – radios photo – photos piano – pianos
kilo – kilos video – videos
2) 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化：
sheep – sheep deer – deer Chinese – Chinese Japanese – Japanese
fish –fish man – men woman – women foot – feet tooth – teeth
child – children mouse – mice
3) 復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
詞的構(gòu)成特點 變復(fù)數(shù)的方法 例詞
由若干部分組成并含有一種中心詞（指人的詞） 將中心詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式 son-in-law （女婿）-sons-in-law
grandchild-grandchildren(孫子)
looker-on （旁觀者）-lookers-on
組成部分均為表示人的主體詞 (特別注意由man, woman組成的復(fù)合詞) 各組成部分都要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式 woman doctor（女醫(yī)生）
-women doctor
man teacher（男老師）-men teachers
組成部分沒有中心詞 最后一個組成詞上加 -s grown-up （成年人）-grown-ups
go-between（中間人）-go-betweens
4) 只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞
scissors（剪刀）, trousers（褲子）, glasses（眼鏡）, savings（積蓄）
earnings（工資）, arms（武器）, thanks（感謝）,goods（貨物）,
clothes（衣服）, chopsticks(筷子)
5) 一些名詞以s結(jié)尾，但一般用單數(shù)
economics（經(jīng)濟學(xué)）,physics（物理），tennis etc.
高分突破：
1) 有一些不可數(shù)名詞在使用時常常被誤作為可數(shù)名詞使用，因此應(yīng)特別注意。
例如： advice（意見），labor（勞動），information（信息、消息），
furniture（家具），traffic（交通）。
2) 一些表示度量的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式在使用時表示單數(shù)含義，因此謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
例如： Two years isn’t a long time to us.
兩年的時間對我們來說不長。
4．名詞的格
1） -’s所有格形式的構(gòu)成
① 大多數(shù)單數(shù)名詞后加 's 構(gòu)成其所有格形式。
例如： Sally’s address 莎莉的地址
my cousin’s nationality 我表弟的國籍
② 以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞（特別是名詞復(fù)數(shù)），在 s 后加 '
例如： the teachers' office 老師們的辦公室
three minutes’ walk 三分鐘的路程
③ 復(fù)合詞和由兩個或兩個以上名詞表示共有關(guān)系的詞組，在最后一個名詞后加所有格符號's。
例如： Mary and Linda's birthday 瑪麗和琳達(dá)的生日
④如果兩個或兩個以上名詞表示分別的擁有關(guān)系，則在每個名詞后分別加 'S。
例如： Mary's and Linda's birthdays 瑪麗的生日和琳達(dá)的生日
2）以of加名詞組成 of 屬格
例如： the color of the sweater 毛衣的顏色
the name of the movie 電影的名字
3）在以下情況中，只能用of與 's 構(gòu)成雙重所有格
① 所有格所修飾的名詞前面有一個數(shù)量詞或一個指示代詞that時，要用雙重所有格（數(shù)量詞包括 a，two，some，no，any，few等）。
例如： an aunt of Mary's（=one of Mary's aunts）
瑪麗的一個阿姨
some photos of my mother’s 我母親的一些照片
that son of Mr. Smith's 史密斯先生的那個兒子
that smile of the boy's 那個孩子的微笑
4）名詞所有格的省略式
① 當(dāng)名詞所有格所修飾的名詞在前面已出現(xiàn)過，為避免重復(fù)，往往省略。
例如： I need your trumpet, not Bill's.
我需要你的喇叭，不是比爾的（喇叭）。
② 當(dāng)被所有格修飾的名詞表示店鋪、教堂或某人的家時，這一名詞省略。
例如： I'm going to the tailor's to get my dress.
我要去裁縫店拿我的衣服。
We'll visit St. Paul's （cathedral）. 我們將參觀圣保羅教堂。
They took part in the birthday party at Tom's.
他們參加了在湯姆家舉行的生日聚會。
高分突破：
1) 不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格的構(gòu)成形式與單數(shù)名詞的相同。
例如： the children's movie 孩子們的電影
the Women's Day婦女節(jié)
2) 在以下兩個語言點使用的時候，注意其名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。
例如： Mary and Linda's birthday 瑪麗和琳達(dá)的生日
Mary's and Linda's birthdays 瑪麗的生日和琳達(dá)的生日
3）“－'s”與“of”兩種所有格的區(qū)別。
① “－'s”所有格形式多用于表示有生命的名詞，或表示與人類活動有關(guān)的時間、地點、機構(gòu)等名詞。
例如： Tom's books 湯姆的書
today's newspaper 今天的報紙
② “of”所有格主要表示無生命的東西。
例如： the ticket of Chinese Kung Fu show 中國功夫表演的門票
the price of the pants 褲子的價格
③ 表示類別或?qū)傩詴r，只能用“－'s”所有格形式。
例如： a women's college 女子學(xué)院
children's books 兒童讀物
a college of the women 那些女人的學(xué)院
④ 所有格中的名詞后面有定語（如現(xiàn)在分詞短語或介詞短語等），只能用“of”所有格形式。
例如： It is the violin of the boy speaking to the teacher．
這是正同老師說話的那個男生的小提琴。
He is a student of Fifth Middle School in Xi'an．
他是西安第五中學(xué)的學(xué)生。
⑤ 當(dāng)所有格中的名詞是以定冠詞加形容詞的形式出現(xiàn)時，只能用 of 構(gòu)成的所有格形式。
例如： the happiness of the old 老年人的幸福
the problems of the young 年輕人的問題
5 名詞的句法功能
1）在句中作主語
例如： The show is very boring.
這個節(jié)目很無聊。
2）作表語
例如： My brother is a reporter.
我弟弟是個記者。
3）作賓語或復(fù)合賓語
例如： He finished his task on time.
他按時完成了他的任務(wù)。
We made Tom our captain.
我們選湯姆為我們的隊長。
4）作定語
例如： pen pal 筆友
5）作狀語
例如： The meeting lasted two hours.
會議持續(xù)了兩個小時。
Wait a moment.
等一會兒。
He was late for class this morning.
今天早晨他上課遲到了。
6）作同位語
例如： Mr. Smith, the movie star, is speaking now.
電影明星史密斯先生，正在講話。
We students should study hard.
我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。
代詞
1. 含義
代詞是為了避免重復(fù)而用來代替名詞的詞，大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的作用。
2. 人稱代詞
1) 表示“我”、“你”、“他（她、它）”、“我們”、“你們”、“他們”的詞叫做人稱代詞。
2) 變化形式
數(shù)
人稱
詞義
格 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
一 二 三 一 二 三
我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們
主格 I you he she it we you they
賓格 me you him her it us you them
3) 用法
① 人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語。
例如： He comes from Brazil.
② 人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作賓語。
例如：Let her play the piano for you.
高分突破：
1) 當(dāng)幾個代詞同時作主語時，其順序一般是：
單數(shù)：you, he and I
復(fù)數(shù)：we, you and they.
例如： You, he and I are in the same school now.
We, you and they must come here on time.
2).表示國家、大地、船只、月亮等名詞常用she來替代（sun則常用he）。
例如： China is my motherland. She isn’t what she used to be.
3. 物主代詞
1) 表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞包括形容詞性的物主代詞和名詞性的物主代詞。
2) 變化形式
數(shù)
人稱
詞義
種類 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
一 二 三 一 二 三
我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我們的 你們的 他們
的
形容詞性的物主代詞 my your his her its our your their
名詞性的物主代詞 mine yours his hers its ours your theirs
3) 用法
① 形容詞性的物主代詞在句中作定語。
例如：Today is his birthday.
② 名詞性的物主代詞常用來避免前面已提及的名詞，在句中作主語、表語、賓語。
例如：This is your backpack, mine is on the floor under the bed.
高分突破：
名詞性的物主代詞常用在of后作定語。
例如： A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.
4. 反身代詞
1) 表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”等意思的詞被稱為反身代詞。
2) 變化形式
數(shù)
人稱 單數(shù)
復(fù)數(shù)
第一人稱 myself Ourselves
第二人稱 yourself Yourselves
第三人稱 himself
herself
itself Themselves
3) 用法
① 作主語或賓語的同位語，表示強調(diào)。
例如： He himself went to see an action movie yesterday.
You’d better ask Mr. Green himself about it.
② 作介詞賓語。
例如： I learn French all by myself.
③ 與動詞：enjoy, help, hurt, teach, look after, take care of, wash, buy, dress連用，作動詞賓語。
5. 相互代詞
1) 表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫相互代詞。
2) 相互代詞有：each other, one another, 在句中作賓語。
例如：We should help each other.
3) 其所有格格式為：each other’s, one another’s, 作定語。
例如： We don’t know each other’s names.
6. 指示代詞
1) 表示“這個”、“那個”、“這些”、“那些”等指示概念的代詞叫作指示代詞。
2) 指示代詞有：this, that, these, those, such, same 等；可以在句中作主語、表語、賓語或定語。
7. 不定代詞
1) 表示不定數(shù)量的人或物的代詞叫做不定代詞。
2) 英語中常見的不定代詞有：some, any, both, none, either, neither, all, one, each, many, much, another, other, more, most, few, little等。另外還有由some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞。
3) 不定代詞具有名詞和形容詞的性質(zhì)，并有可數(shù)和不可數(shù)之分，在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、定語、同位語、狀語等。
8. 疑問代詞
1) 疑問代詞what, which, who, whom, whose用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句，在句中作主語、賓語、定語和表語。
2) 用法
① what一般用來指物，指人時通常詢問職業(yè)。
例如： What are you doing? I’m talking on the phone.
What is your father? He’s a policeman.
② who, whom, whose均指人，who為主格形式，在句中作主語或表語；whom是賓格形式，在句中作賓語；whose是所有格形式，一般作定語。
例如： Who’s singing there?
Whom did you talk with just now?
Whose car is this?
③ which可以用來指人或物。
例如： Which book is better, this one or that one?
9. 關(guān)系代詞
關(guān)系代詞who, whom, whose, which, that用來以引導(dǎo)定語從句。
[強化訓(xùn)練]
I.單項選擇
1. Her ____ name is Kate.
A. last B. first C. second D. family
2. This apple is green. His family name is _____, too.
A. Red B. Black C. green D. Green
3. The boy ____ blue ____ Tom.
A. in, is B. is, in C. are, on D. of, are
4. My orange is ______ .
A. a orange B. orange C. a green D. oranges
5. What’s in the lost and found case?
_________.
A. Set of keys B. A set of key C. A set of keies D. A set of keys
6. Who’s that? __________.
A. That’s a waitress.
B. This is a girl.
C. This is Ms Wang.
D. That’s Mrs Wang.
7. Your uncle is your father’s______.
A. sister B. cousin C. friends D. father
8. Can I see your ID card? ______.
A. OK B. Can you C. Good D. You see
9. Would you please ____ me a pen?
A. take B. bring C. know D. let
10. “ Are the things in this shop dear?”
“ No, they are ______.”
A. good B. $ 12 C. low price D. cheap
11. “ ________, that’s a car.”
“ Where? I can’t _____ it.”
A. Look, look B. Look, see C. Look at, see D. See, look at
12. _____ a cute dog. But I don’t know _____ name.
A. It’s, its B. Its, it’s C. It’s, it’s D. Its, its
13. What does he ____ ____ dinner?
A. has, for B. has, at C. have, in D. have, for
14. ______ salad do you eat?
A. How many B. What many C. How much D. What much
15. Does your sister ____ books every day?
A. watch B. see C. reads D. read
16. I buy these watches _____ them ___ $ 12.
A. to, at B. from, for C. to, for D. from, at
17. Sam is ____ years old. He’s a good boy.
A. forteen B. fourten C. forty D. fourteen
18. Let’s sing a song for him. ____
A. That’s all right. B. That’s right. C. All right. D. Right.
19. Jerry isn’t _____. He’s ______.
A. an English, American B. English boy, American
C. English, American D. English, a American
20. I’m sorry I’m late.
________.
A. That’s right. B. That’s all right.
C. You’re welcome. D. That’s ok.
II. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
1. My sister likes strawberries. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?
_____ your sister _____ strawberries?
2. There are some notebooks in my backpack. (變?yōu)榉穸ň?
There _____ _____ notebooks in my backpack.
3. These are some English dictionaries. (變?yōu)閱螖?shù))
___________________________________.
4. Jack usually has a hamburger and a cup of milk for lunch.
(對劃線部分提問)
_____ _____ Jack usually _____ for lunch?
5. She watches TV at home every day. (對劃線部分提問)
________ ______ she ______ TV every day?
6. Mr. Smith wants to buy a new coat. (對劃線部分提問)
______ ____ Mr. Smith ______ to _____?
7. This desk is old. (同義句)
This is ____ _____ desk.
8. He’s Kim’s father. (同義句)
Kim is _____ ________.
9. What’s the price of the pants? (同義句)
_____ _____ _____ the pants?
10. I like the red sweater. (同義句)
I like the ______ ______ ______.
III. 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：
1. It’s not ____ alarm clock. (a)
2. Let ____ play tennis. (I)
3. Where ___ Tom’s parents?(be)
4. Many ____. That’s all right.(thank)
5. I see your ______. They are fine.(grandparent)
6. Your ____ are my pen ______.(朋友)
7. His _____ are very cute.(女兒)
8. The two ____ are good. (家庭)
9. _____ answers are right.(they)
10. Her sister and his brother aren’t my _____ (表兄妹)
Ⅳ. 改錯
1. This is a his pen.
________________________________.
2. Her pen is a yellow.
________________________________.
3. Are your name Tom?
________________________________.
4. You pen is OK.
________________________________.
5. Tom and Peter is English.
________________________________.
6. How are you spell “pen”?
________________________________.
7. That is they school.
________________________________.
8. These is his brothers.
________________________________.
9. Tom, where is his keys?
________________________________.
10. Let’s play the football.
________________________________.
Ⅴ. 翻譯填空
1. 你的名字是Peter嗎？是的。
______ your name Peter? Yes, _____ _____.
2. 那只丟失的手表是新的。
That ______ ______ is new.
3. 她的叔叔是她媽媽的弟弟。
Her _______ is her _______ ________.
4. 看！我的錄像帶在地板上椅子底下。
Look! My _______ _______ is _______ the floor _______ the chair.
5. 你喜歡體育嗎？歡迎加入我們學(xué)校體育中心。
______ you like ______? ______ to _______ our _______ _______ _______.
6. 這場足球比賽真的很無聊。
The _________ game is ______ ______ _______.
7. 我阿姨喜歡沙拉但她不喜歡花椰菜。
My aunt _______ _______ but she ______ ______ _______.
8. 跑步明星Tony午餐常吃牛奶和漢堡。
_______ _______, Tony, often ______ milk and _______ _______ lunch.
9. 你這條綠色的新短褲多少錢？
How _______ _______ your new green _______?
What ______ the _______ of your new green ________?
10. 我們商店出售各種顏色的毛衣。
The ________ in all _______ are _______ _______ in our store.
Ⅵ. 口語運用
A: Good morning!
B: ________________.
A: _________________________________?
B: I’m looking for a sweater for my sister.
A: How about the red one?
B: No, ________________. I like the blue one.
A: Here you are.
B: Oh, it’s very nice, isn’t it? ____________________?
A: It’s $40.
B: _________________. Can you show me a cheaper one?
A: What about this blue sweater? It’s only $25.
B: Well, it looks nice. ___________. Here’s the money.
A: Thank you.
B: __________.
Ⅶ. 用所給句子補全對話
A: For supper let’s have rice and chicken.
B: _______________________________________.
A: So what do you want to have?
B: _______________________________________.
A: What kind of fruit do you like?
B: _______________________________________.
A: _______________________________________.
B: That’s OK. Thank you.
A: Does your mother like apples?
B: _______________________________________.
1. For supper, I like rice and chicken.
2. Oh, I don’t know. Maybe she does.
3. I like apples.
4. I’m sorry I don’t have apples. How about strawberries?
5. That sounds good.
6. That’s nice but I don’t like chicken at all.
7. What about rice and fish?
Starter Unit 1 ~ Review of Units 1~7
[考點聚焦]
I. 詞組歸納
1. be late (for)
2． culture tip
3. in English
4. in pairs
5. the boy in blue
6. act out
7. telephone number
8. first/given name
9. last/family name
10. call John at 4953539_
11. lost and found office
12. gold ring
13. a set of keys
14. family tree
15. Thanks for ... .
16. the photo of Tony’s family/ Tony’s family photo
17. take sth. to sb.
18. his math book
19. some video cassettes
20. on the dresser
21. bring sth. to sb.
22. between A and B
23. on the floor
24. play the computer game
25. baseball bat
26. a tennis racket
27. want to do sth.
28. Welcome to our school!
29. join school sports center
30. Join us soon!
31. a great sports collection
32. watch football game on TV
33. a running star
34. eat/have healthy food
35. for breakfast
36. the list of the food/ the food list
37. at this time of the year
38. at a very good price
39. the sweaters in all color
40. on sale
41. have a look at
42. clothes store/shop
43. play basketball well
44. like ... very much
II. 句型歸納
1. What’s your
2. How old is, years
3. Who’s
4. What’s in
5. Let’s
6. What color
7. How do spell
8. Is, it
9. What’s, it’s
10. Is, it
11. Where are
12. Are they
13. Do, don’t
14. Does, doesn’t
15. don’t
16. doesn’t
17. What does
18. How much, they’re
[強化訓(xùn)練]
I.單項選擇
1～5: BDABD 6～10：DBABD 11～15: BADCD 16～20: BDCCB
II.句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
1.Does, like 2. aren’t any 3. This is an English dictionary.
4. What does, have 5. Where does, watch
6. What does, want buy 7.an old
8. his daughter 9. How much is 10. the sweater in red
III. 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：
1. an 2. me 3. are 4. thanks 5. grandparents
6. friends, friends 7. daughters 8. families 9. their 10. cousins
Ⅳ. 改錯
1. This is his pen.
2. Her pen is yellow.
3. Is your name Tom?
4. Your pen is OK.
5. Tom and Peter are English
6. How do you spell “pen”?
7. That is their school.
8. These are his brothers.
9. Tom, where are his keys?
10. Let’s play football.
Ⅴ. 翻譯填空
1. Is, it is. 2. lost watch 3. uncle mother’s brother
4. video cassette, on, under
5. Do, sports, Welcome join school sports center
6. football, really very boring
7. likes salad, doesn’t like broccoli
8. Running star, eats/has hamburgers for
9. much are, shorts, is price, shorts
10. sweaters, color, on sale
Ⅵ. 口語運用
Good morning!
Can I help you? / What can I do for you?
I don’t like the red one.
How much is it?
It’s too expensive.
I’ll take it.
You’re welcome.
Ⅶ. 用所給句子補全對話
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