1. such as 像；諸如；例如 凡是
Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare. 蘭花和報(bào)春花之類的野花越來越少了。
Such as remains after tax will be yours when I die. 我死后全部財(cái)產(chǎn)除了交稅以外全部給你。
2. any better 更好
any adv. (used with faster, slower, better, etc. , in questions and after if/whether 用于疑問句中，與faster, slower, better等連用；用于if/whether之后)to any degree; at all在任何程度上；絲毫 eg: I can’t run any faster. 我無法跑得更快了。 Is your father any better? 你父親有所好轉(zhuǎn)了嗎？
3. at a distance （稍）遠(yuǎn)處，表示一定的距離，近距離或用以說明具體的距離，其不定冠詞a有時(shí)可以略去或改用some。
This picture looks better at a distance. 這幅畫遠(yuǎn)看就好些。
in the distance (far away) 在（較）遠(yuǎn)處，強(qiáng)調(diào)距離之遠(yuǎn)。
They were expecting to see in the distance some signs of the enemy. 他們期望著發(fā)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)處敵人的跡象。
keep sb. at a distance 與某人保持一定距離；不愿與某人親近 eg:
He always keeps anyone at a distance. 他總是不愿與任何人親近。
4. collision n. [C,U] 物與物或人與人）相撞，碰撞，撞壞 抵觸；（相反的目的、看法、意見等的）沖突
The collision between two cars caused 3 deaths. 兩車相撞造成三人死亡。
Her political activities brought her into collision with the law. 她的政治活動(dòng)觸犯了法律。
5. In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.
in their efforts to ….“在他們努力。。。。時(shí)”
In their efforts to solve the problem, they proved themselves a group of strong team.
Make an effort; make every effort; without effort; spare no effort; in a common effort.
Turn out “結(jié)果是。。。， 最后情況是。。。。”
It turned out (to be ) fine. The meeting turned out (to be ) a success.
6. voyage (1)n. long journey, esp. by sea or in space 航行；（尤指）航海，航天
They made a voyage across the Atlantic. 他們作了一次橫越大西洋的航行。
(2)v.航行；航海；航天飛行
A plane crashed down when it voyaged through space. 一架飛機(jī)作航天飛行時(shí)墜毀了。
(3)voyager n. 航行者；航海者；航天者
7. beat, defeat, win與gain
①beat和defeat屬一組同義詞，它們的賓語必須是人或一個(gè)集體，如a team, a class, an school, an army。defeat尤指在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上打敗敵人；beat是游戲、比賽的專門用詞。二者�？蓳Q。 eg:
We beat their team by 10 points. 我們贏了他們隊(duì)十分。
In the end their army was defeat/beaten. 最后他們的部隊(duì)被擊（打）敗。
②win和gain屬一組同義詞。Gain表示獲得需要之物，它常跟的賓語有one’s living, experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration 等；win表示在較強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中取得勝利，它常跟的賓語有g(shù)ame, war, prize, fame, battle等。 eg:
We shall gain experience through practice.我們將通過實(shí)踐獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
They won the battle but lost many men. 他們?nèi)〉昧诉@次戰(zhàn)斗的勝利，但犧牲了很多人。
(2)beat, hit, strike與tap
beat著重“連續(xù)性地?fù)舸颉�，如毆打或體罰，也指在游戲、競(jìng)賽或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中擊敗對(duì)方。此外，beat還可用來指心臟的跳動(dòng)。strike通常表示打一下，打若干下等意思，不一定都是有意的，還可指罷工，（鐘）敲響之意。hit指“打中”或“對(duì)準(zhǔn)……來打”，著重敲打或打擊對(duì)方的某一點(diǎn)。tap一般是轟轟拍打的意思。 eg:
The wheat was beaten down by the rain. 麥子被雨水打得伏倒了。
The stone hit him on the head.石頭擊中了他的頭部。
It strikes a bug’s back with is forelegs and feelers. 它（螞蟻）用前腿和觸角敲打臭蟲的背部。
It taps on the other’s head with its feelers, using a kind of telegraph code. 它（螞蟻）像使用一種電碼的方式一樣，用觸角輕敲對(duì)方的頭部。
Integrating skills :
1. throw light upon/on 使某事顯得非常清楚
The modern scientific development has thrown light on this question. 現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的發(fā)展正使這個(gè)問題明朗化。
The information throws light upon the mystery of Dr Bake. 這個(gè)信息可以解開貝克醫(yī)生之謎。
5. hesitate猶豫；躊躇；遲疑；（因有疑慮而）停頓 (hesitate about/over sth, hesitate to do, )
She replied without hesitating.她毫不猶豫地作了回答。
Please don’t hesitate to contact e if you have any questions. 如果有疑問請(qǐng)盡管與我聯(lián)系。
hesitation猶豫 She agreed without hesitation. 她毫不猶豫地同意了。
Unit 12 fact and fantasy 知識(shí)清單
Warming up
1. such as _____________
Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
Such as remains after tax will be yours when I die.
2. any better 更好
any adv. (used with faster, slower, better, etc. , in questions and after if/whether 用于疑問句中，與faster, slower, better等連用；用于if/whether之后)to any degree; at all在任何程度上；絲毫
I can’t run any faster. Is your father any better?
3. at a distance 與 in the distance區(qū)別是什么？
This picture looks better at a distance.
They were expecting to see in the distance some signs of the enemy.
keep sb. at a distance __________________
He always keeps anyone at a distance.
4. collision n. [C,U] ___________ ; __________________
The collision between two cars caused 3 deaths.
Her political activities brought her into collision with the law.
Reading
5. in their efforts to ….______________
In their efforts to solve the problem, they proved themselves a group of strong team.
引申：Make an effort; make every effort; without effort; spare no effort; in a common effort.
Turn out ______________-
It turned out (to be ) fine. The meeting turned out (to be ) a success.
6. voyage (1)n. long journey, esp. by sea or in space 航行；（尤指）__________
They made a voyage across the Atlantic. A plane crashed down when it voyaged through space.
引申：voyager n. 航行者；航海者；航天者
7. beat, defeat, win與gain 區(qū)別
①beat和defeat屬一組同義詞，它們的賓語必須是人或一個(gè)集體，如a team, a class, an school, an army。defeat尤指在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上打敗敵人；beat是游戲、比賽的專門用詞。二者�？蓳Q。 eg:
We beat their team by 10 points. 我們贏了他們隊(duì)十分。
In the end their army was defeat/beaten. 最后他們的部隊(duì)被擊（打）敗。
②win和gain屬一組同義詞。Gain表示獲得需要之物，它常跟的賓語有one’s living, experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration 等；win表示在較強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中取得勝利，它常跟的賓語有g(shù)ame, war, prize, fame, battle等。 eg:
We shall gain experience through practice.我們將通過實(shí)踐獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
They won the battle but lost many men. 他們?nèi)〉昧诉@次戰(zhàn)斗的勝利，但犧牲了很多人。
(2)beat, hit, strike與tap 區(qū)別
beat著重“連續(xù)性地?fù)舸颉�，如毆打或體罰，也指在游戲、競(jìng)賽或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中擊敗對(duì)方。此外，beat還可用來指心臟的跳動(dòng)。strike通常表示打一下，打若干下等意思，不一定都是有意的，還可指罷工，（鐘）敲響之意。hit指“打中”或“對(duì)準(zhǔn)……來打”，著重敲打或打擊對(duì)方的某一點(diǎn)。tap一般是轟轟拍打的意思。
The wheat was beaten down by the rain. 麥子被雨水打得伏倒了。
The stone hit him on the head.石頭擊中了他的頭部。
It strikes a bug’s back with is forelegs and feelers. 它（螞蟻）用前腿和觸角敲打臭蟲的背部。
It taps on the other’s head with its feelers, using a kind of telegraph code. 它（螞蟻）像使用一種電碼的方式一樣，用觸角輕敲對(duì)方的頭部。
Integrating skills :
1. throw light upon/on ___________
The modern scientific development has thrown light on this question.
The information throws light upon the mystery of Dr Bake.
5. hesitate____________________ (hesitate about/over sth, hesitate to do, )
She replied without hesitating. Please don’t hesitate to contact e if you have any questions.
hesitation猶豫 She agreed without hesitation.